This document discusses individual differences in psychology. It introduces individual differences as a key area of modern psychology that examines the psychological variations between people. It describes how people differ in psychological attributes like intelligence and personality. Individual differences are important for explaining and predicting behavior. Finally, it lists several factors that influence an individual's behavior, such as abilities, gender, race, perception, attribution, and attitude.

1. Presenting by; Noor Murk
Semester; 5th
Individual Differences

2. CONTENT
• Introduction to individual differences
• Importance of individual differences
• Different factors influencing individual’s behavior

3. INTRODUCTION TO INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
The individual differences is a cornerstone subject area in modern
psychology. In many ways, it is the “Classic” psychology that, the
general public refers the psychology of the person the
psychological differences between people & their similarities.

4. PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS VARY BETWEEN PEOPLES
• People vary on the range of psychological attributes.
• It is possible to measure & study these individual differences.
• Individual differences are useful for explaining & predicting behavior &
performance.
• We can classify peoples psychologically, according to the intelligence &
personality characteristics. For example, with moderate success, however,
people are complex & much is still left unexplained. These are multiple &
evidence about individual differences psychology.

5. IMPORTANCE OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
 Individual differences are essential whenever, we wish to explain
individuals differ in their behavior.
 Individual differences in factors such as personality, intelligence, ,memory
or physical factors such as; body, size, gender, age & another factors can be
studied & used in understand their large source of variance.
 Importantly, individuals can also differ not only in their current state, but in
the magnitude or even direction of response to a given stimulus. Such
phenomena, often explained in term of inverted responses curves, place
differential psychology at a important location in such endeavors as
personalized medicine in which, diagnoses are customized for an
individual’s response profile.

6. DIFFERENT FACTORS INFLUENCING INDIVIDUAL’S
BEHAVIOR
The way an individual addresses a situation single handily or say in a group
is influenced by many factors. The key factors influencing an individual’s
attitude in personal as well as social life are;
Abilities
Gender
Race & culture
Perception
Attribution
Attitude

7. ABILITIES
• Abilities are the traits a person learns from the environment around as
well as the traits a person is gifted with by birth. These traits are
broadly classified as;
 Intellectual Abilities
 Physical Abilities
 Self-awareness Abilities

8. GENDER
• Research proves that men & women both stand equal in terms of
job performance & mental abilities; however, society still
emphasizes differences between the two genders. Absenteeism in
one are in an organization where, differences found as women
are considered for children.

9. RACE & CULTURE
• Race is a group of people sharing similar physical features. It is
used to define types of persons according to perceived traits. For
example; Indian, African. On the other hand, culture can be
defined as the traits, ideas, customs & one can either as a person
or in group.

10. PERCEPTION
• Perception is an intellectual, process of transforming sensory stimuli into
meaningful information. It is the process of interpreting something that
we see or hear in our mind & use it later to judge & give person, group etc.
It can be divided into six types namely;
Of-Sound
Of-Speech
Touch
Taste
Other Senses
Of the Social World

11. ATTRIBUTION
• Attribution is the course of observing behavior followed by deter-mining
its caused based on individual’s personality or situation.
• Attribution framework uses the following three criteria;
 Consensus
 Distinctiveness
 Consistency

12. ATTITUDE
• Attitude is the abstract learnt reaction or say response of a persons
entire cognitive process over a time span.
• For Example; A person who has worked with different companies
might develop an attitude of indifference towards organizational
citizenship.