The document discusses concepts related to personality, motivation, values, and attitudes. It provides definitions of these terms from various scholars and theorists. It describes key determinants that shape personality as well as different theories of personality such as trait theory and psychological theory. It also discusses types of values and attitudes and how they differ. The document outlines several theories of motivation, including Maslow's hierarchy of needs, McGregor's Theory X and Y, and Herzberg's two-factor theory. Case studies related to these topics are also mentioned.

1. Prof. Anita Rathod
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

2. Personality-
 Meaning & Definition
 Key Determinants of Personality
 Types of Personality
 Theories of Personality
Value & Attitude -
 Meaning, Definition
 Types
Motivation -
 Meaning & Definition
 Importance
 Types Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

3. Theories -
 Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory
 McGregor’s Theory X & Theory Y
 Herzberg’s Two- Factor Theory
Caselets on Personality, Motivation, Value
and Attitude
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

4.  Latin word “Persona” – “To speak through”
External Appearance
Behaviour
Situation Interaction
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

5.  According to Geordon Allport, “Personality is the
dynamic organization within an individual of
those psychological systems that determine his
unique adjustments to his environment.”
 According to E.R.Hilgard, “Personality is the
characteristic patterns of behavior an modes of
thinking that determine a person’s adjustment to
the environment.”
 According to Kluckhotm and Mury, “Personality is
like all other people’s like some other peopl’es and
like no other people’s.”
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

6.  Heredity
 Environment
 Situation
 Cultural
 Family
 Social
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

7.  Trait theory
 Type theory
 Psychological theory
 Social Learning theory
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

8.  Krestchemer and Sheldon –credited with this
classification
 Identifiable categories
 Classifying on body build
 Physique Factors
 Example:
 Plumb Person (Endomorph) – social, relaxed and
tempered
 Thin Person (Ectomorph) – Self concious, restrained,
solitude
 Heavy muscular (Mesomorph) – Noisy, Callous and fond
of physical activities
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

9.  Psychological factors
 Feelings, emotions
 Way of approaching people
 Example -
 Extrovert – Social individual, Gregarious
 Introvert – Shy quit, Retiring
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

10.  Expansion of Type theory
 Enduring attribute of a person that consistently
in a variety of situations
•Traits
•General
personality
factors
Personality
Type
•Situation
•Person with
certain
personality type
Set of traits
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

11. 1. Unique Personality
2. Affiliation, achievement, anxiety, aggression
and dependency classifies personality
3. Traits are common but vary in absolute
amounts between individuals
4. Traits can be quantifiable and do not resist
measurement
5. Traits are relatively stable
6. Traits can be inferred from each person
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

12.  Sigmund Freud credited this theory
 Depth study of individual personalities
 Iceberg theory
Smaller portion of mind
represents conscious
Larger portion represents
unconscious
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

13.  Unconscious affected by thoughts and behavior
because of storehouse of impulse, passions and
primitive instincts
 Unconscious explore basic determinants of
personality
 Division of personality is known as Structural
Model Of Mental Life
Personality
Superego
Identity
Ego
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

14.  Impact on psychological and philosophical
conceptions of individual
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune
Scope
in OB
Creative
behavior
Dissatisfaction
Group
Development
Leadership
Hypothetical
Observable
Not measurable
Criticism

15. Learnt
Modified
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune
Due to Learning
It helps to acquires knowledge ,
language, attitudes, values,
manual skills, fears, personality
traits and self insight
1. Human Activities
2. Situation (Evoking, maintaining or modifying
behavior patterns of an individual)
a. Characteristics of situation
b. Individual understanding of situation
c. Observation of situation
d. Past behavior in the same situation
passive Active
Reciprocal behavior pattern

16.  According to Rokeach (1973), “values are ‘a
specific’ mode of conduct or end-state of
existence that is personally or socially
preferable to an opposite or converse mode of
conduct or end-state of experience.”
 According to Stoner, Freeman and Gilbert
(1989), “values are comparatively permanent
desire that seem to be good in them, like peace
or goodwill.”
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

17.  According to Adler, “values as the cultural
orientation of a society that reflects the
complex interaction of values, attitudes, and
behaviors displayed by the members.”
 According to Nystrom (1990), “values are
normative viewpoint about proper standards
of conduct and preferred desired results.”
 According to Bounds, Dobbins and Fowler
(1995), “values represent our convictions about
what is right or moral and the way we ought to
behave.”
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

18. Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

19. 
According to Stephen P. Robbins, “Attitude are
evaluative statements either favorable or
unfavorable concerning objects, people or
events. They reflect how one feels about
something.”

According to N.L.Munn, “Attitude are learned
dispositions towards aspects of our
environment. They may be positively or
negatively directed towards certain people,
service or institutions.”
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

20.  According to Kolasa, “An Attitude is
predisposition to respond positively or
negatively, to a certain set of facts.”
 According to Dugler, “Attitudes are generally
positive and negatives views of person, place,
thing or event. ”
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

21. Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

22. Sr.
No.
Values Attitudes
1 Values help to guide our behavior. Attitudes are the response that is a result
of our values.
2 Values decide what we think as for
right, wrong, good, or unjust.
Attitudes are our likes and dislike of
things, people, and objects.
3 Values are more or less permanent
in nature.
Attitudes are changeable with favorable
experiences.
4 They represent a single belief that,
guides actions and judgment across
objects and situations.
They represent several beliefs focused on
a specific object or situation.
5 They derived from social and
cultural mores.
These are personal experiences.
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

23. a. Positive:
A favourable attitude—liking people, objects,
situation, etc.
b. Negative:
An unfavourable attitude—does not like people/
objects, etc.
c. Neutral:
Neither favourable nor unfavourable.
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

24. 1. Cognitive:
It involves the knowledge or information about a
person or object, etc., and his belief about it.
2. Affective:
Refers to feeling aspect, i.e. how he feels about it
3. Conative:
Refers to action tendency, i.e. how he behaves with it
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

25.  According to Lillis, “Motivation is the
stimulation of any emotion or desire operating
upon one’s will and promoting or driving it to
action.”
 According to Dubin, “Motivation is the
complex of forces starting and keeping a
person at work in an organization.”
 According to Vance, “Motivation implies any
emotion or desire which so conditions one’s
will that the individual is properly led into
action.”
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

26.  According to Vitiles, “Motivation represents an
unsatisfied need which creates a state of
tension or disequilibrium, causing the
individual to make in goal directed pattern
towards restoring a state of equilibrium by
satisfying the need”
 According to Memoria, “Motivation is a force
that activates dormant energies and sets in
motion the action of the people.”
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

27. IMPORTANCE
OF
MOTIVATION
High
Performance
Low Employee
Turnover and
Absenteeism
Better
Organizational
Image
Better
Industrial
Relations
Acceptability
to change
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

28. Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

29.  Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory,
 McGregor’s Theory X & Theory Y,
 Herzberg’s Two- Factor Theory
Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

30. Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

31. Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

32. Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

33. Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

34. Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

35. Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

36. Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

37. Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune

38. Prof. Anita Rathod, BBA Department,
ICCS, Pune
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