India is committed to improving energy efficiency to reduce emissions. Key government initiatives to promote energy efficiency include Perform Achieve and Trade, standards and labeling, demand-side management programs, and financing platforms. These programs aim to unlock energy efficiency markets and achieve fuel savings, emissions reductions, and capacity avoidance. Major energy consuming sectors like aluminum, cement, fertilizer, and iron and steel have also made improvements in technology and processes to enhance energy efficiency.
RMK 11 Energy Audit Conditional Grant Project;
- Grant by the government to building sector to do energy auditing, in order to identify energy saving potentials.
- Embarked recently under the RMK11 Energy Efficiency Projects (2016 – 2020).
- In general the project component consists of ;
a) Energy Auditing (3 years project starting in 2016 - 2018.)
b) Implementation of the Energy Saving Measures, including Monitoring & Reporting (until 2020).
c) Capacity building & trainings.
Energy audit is a systematic process to understand how and where the energy being used, to explore on how to manage it and identify the energy savings potential.
RMK 11 Energy Audit Conditional Grant Project;
- Grant by the government to building sector to do energy auditing, in order to identify energy saving potentials.
- Embarked recently under the RMK11 Energy Efficiency Projects (2016 – 2020).
- In general the project component consists of ;
a) Energy Auditing (3 years project starting in 2016 - 2018.)
b) Implementation of the Energy Saving Measures, including Monitoring & Reporting (until 2020).
c) Capacity building & trainings.
Energy audit is a systematic process to understand how and where the energy being used, to explore on how to manage it and identify the energy savings potential.
Updates on Policy and Codes - BREEAM, Part L, MEES & BB101IES VE
This presentation was given by Bruce Elrick, Consultancy Operations Manager at IES, at Spaces Study Day in Manchester on 15th June 2018.
Find out about upcoming IES events here: https://www.iesve.com/discoveries/category/event
Assessing Your Building Energy Costs: Benefits of Energy Modeling to OwnersIllinois ASHRAE
Keith Swartz of the Energy Center of Wisconsin presents Assessing Your Building Energy Costs: Benefits of Energy Modeling to Owners at the 2012 Chicago Energy Modeling Conference.
Mike Singleton of Sustainable Buildings Canada presented an overview on the results of the first year of Enbridge Savings By Design builder workshops. Savings by design aims to help Ontario builders of commercial buildings and production residential projects surpass the energy requirements of the Ontario Building Code by 25%.
Since the 1970s, energy efficiency in buildings has primarily focused on reducing operational energy. However, as buildings become more efficient, embodied energy becomes increasingly significant. With the rise in green building programs, architects and engineers are giving more attention to ways that reduce embodied energy. This paper presents opportunities to address embodied energy in buildings.
EMA Energy Manager’s Guide to Building ControlsEMEX
The control of energy in non-domestic buildings is generally poor, despite the availability of a range of tried and tested systems incorporating both established and innovative technologies. Although the installation of HVAC zone controls, optimising controllers (for Wet Heating Systems) and lighting controls is encouraged by the building codes, their requirements are basic. As a result, specifications are often limited to the minimum requirements, and superior technologies, such as pre-programmed packaged Building Energy Management Systems (BEMS) and Demand Control Ventilation (DCV), are ignored.
The North Texas IBPSA Chapter hosted an October meetup to discuss the new changes to the standard and how it impacts the energy modeling process.
The 2016 update of ASHRAE Standard 90.1 Energy Standard for Buildings is a major revision, containing more than 125 changes from the 2013 version. Together, Standards 90.1-2007, 90.1-2010, 90.1-2013 and 90.1-2016 produce almost 40% energy savings from the 2004 version. This slide deck is not comprehensive, but an overview of the Appendix G methodology.
This presentation draws a relationship between BREEAM credits and available tax incentives. I presented this information to the key Bausch and Lomb stakeholders that decided whether or not to pursue BREEAM certification for the renovation of a European building.
The U.S. Department of
Energy’s (DOE’s) Building Energy Codes Program (BECP), with valued
assistance from the International Codes Council (ICC) and the
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning
Engineers (ASHRAE), has prepared Building Energy Codes 101: An
Introduction. This guide is designed to speak to a broad audience with
an interest in building energy efficiency, including state energy officials,
architects, engineers, designers, and members of the public.
This CPD webinar covers the need for a Circular Economy and describes an ideal one. Legislation and guides relevant to the lighting industry are outlined. Circular Design principles are examined related to luminaire design, materials, manufacturing and ecosystem. As a coda the Circular Economy is put into a wider environmental impact assessment context.
Talk by Roger Sexton, Business Development at Stoane Lighting
Energy usage in Apartment Complexes and ways of reducing this energy usage us...ADDA
Ms Sumedha Malaviya from World Resources Institute spoke about energy usage in Apartment Complexes and ways of reducing this energy usage using sustainable methods. She also presented simple ways in which electricity costs can be brought down for common area energy consumption.
Energy Conservation through Smart Building and Smart Lighting SystemIJMREMJournal
Energy conservation is an extensive topic due to the propagation of electricity demand and challenges globally
and is regarded as one of the most significant issues affects the power system quality, global environment and
consumers. Smart building is a technology that can connect everything to networks or systems to monitor and
control them in various areas such as offices, energy-consuming devices especially in laboratories, security
devices etc. Nevertheless, people's perception about using smart technology for energy saving is still in the mind’s
eye. This means that people discuss about environmental awareness readily. Due to the availability of electricity
and its elemental role, regulating consumers’ behaviours towards power savings can be a challenge. Remarkably,
the gap in today's smart technology design in smart buildings is the compassionate of consumers’ attitudes and
the merging of this perspective into the smart technology. Implementation of PLC based controlling system is a
convenient method to save the power and energy strategy for whole building. Furthermore, prepare a lighting
scheme can results a rapid response in energy conservation. Consequently, PLC Automatic system removes the
human intervention which makes the process smart and energy reduction will gives benefits to the consumers in
terms of reducing the cost of electricity bills. Nonetheless, contemporary buildings’ energy conservation has been
significant solution to cope with the rising electricity necessity.
Updates on Policy and Codes - BREEAM, Part L, MEES & BB101IES VE
This presentation was given by Bruce Elrick, Consultancy Operations Manager at IES, at Spaces Study Day in Manchester on 15th June 2018.
Find out about upcoming IES events here: https://www.iesve.com/discoveries/category/event
Assessing Your Building Energy Costs: Benefits of Energy Modeling to OwnersIllinois ASHRAE
Keith Swartz of the Energy Center of Wisconsin presents Assessing Your Building Energy Costs: Benefits of Energy Modeling to Owners at the 2012 Chicago Energy Modeling Conference.
Mike Singleton of Sustainable Buildings Canada presented an overview on the results of the first year of Enbridge Savings By Design builder workshops. Savings by design aims to help Ontario builders of commercial buildings and production residential projects surpass the energy requirements of the Ontario Building Code by 25%.
Since the 1970s, energy efficiency in buildings has primarily focused on reducing operational energy. However, as buildings become more efficient, embodied energy becomes increasingly significant. With the rise in green building programs, architects and engineers are giving more attention to ways that reduce embodied energy. This paper presents opportunities to address embodied energy in buildings.
EMA Energy Manager’s Guide to Building ControlsEMEX
The control of energy in non-domestic buildings is generally poor, despite the availability of a range of tried and tested systems incorporating both established and innovative technologies. Although the installation of HVAC zone controls, optimising controllers (for Wet Heating Systems) and lighting controls is encouraged by the building codes, their requirements are basic. As a result, specifications are often limited to the minimum requirements, and superior technologies, such as pre-programmed packaged Building Energy Management Systems (BEMS) and Demand Control Ventilation (DCV), are ignored.
The North Texas IBPSA Chapter hosted an October meetup to discuss the new changes to the standard and how it impacts the energy modeling process.
The 2016 update of ASHRAE Standard 90.1 Energy Standard for Buildings is a major revision, containing more than 125 changes from the 2013 version. Together, Standards 90.1-2007, 90.1-2010, 90.1-2013 and 90.1-2016 produce almost 40% energy savings from the 2004 version. This slide deck is not comprehensive, but an overview of the Appendix G methodology.
This presentation draws a relationship between BREEAM credits and available tax incentives. I presented this information to the key Bausch and Lomb stakeholders that decided whether or not to pursue BREEAM certification for the renovation of a European building.
The U.S. Department of
Energy’s (DOE’s) Building Energy Codes Program (BECP), with valued
assistance from the International Codes Council (ICC) and the
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning
Engineers (ASHRAE), has prepared Building Energy Codes 101: An
Introduction. This guide is designed to speak to a broad audience with
an interest in building energy efficiency, including state energy officials,
architects, engineers, designers, and members of the public.
This CPD webinar covers the need for a Circular Economy and describes an ideal one. Legislation and guides relevant to the lighting industry are outlined. Circular Design principles are examined related to luminaire design, materials, manufacturing and ecosystem. As a coda the Circular Economy is put into a wider environmental impact assessment context.
Talk by Roger Sexton, Business Development at Stoane Lighting
Energy usage in Apartment Complexes and ways of reducing this energy usage us...ADDA
Ms Sumedha Malaviya from World Resources Institute spoke about energy usage in Apartment Complexes and ways of reducing this energy usage using sustainable methods. She also presented simple ways in which electricity costs can be brought down for common area energy consumption.
Energy Conservation through Smart Building and Smart Lighting SystemIJMREMJournal
Energy conservation is an extensive topic due to the propagation of electricity demand and challenges globally
and is regarded as one of the most significant issues affects the power system quality, global environment and
consumers. Smart building is a technology that can connect everything to networks or systems to monitor and
control them in various areas such as offices, energy-consuming devices especially in laboratories, security
devices etc. Nevertheless, people's perception about using smart technology for energy saving is still in the mind’s
eye. This means that people discuss about environmental awareness readily. Due to the availability of electricity
and its elemental role, regulating consumers’ behaviours towards power savings can be a challenge. Remarkably,
the gap in today's smart technology design in smart buildings is the compassionate of consumers’ attitudes and
the merging of this perspective into the smart technology. Implementation of PLC based controlling system is a
convenient method to save the power and energy strategy for whole building. Furthermore, prepare a lighting
scheme can results a rapid response in energy conservation. Consequently, PLC Automatic system removes the
human intervention which makes the process smart and energy reduction will gives benefits to the consumers in
terms of reducing the cost of electricity bills. Nonetheless, contemporary buildings’ energy conservation has been
significant solution to cope with the rising electricity necessity.
Reminiscing memories 5 years ago in 2014 winning 1st runner up spot for General Electric Manufacturing Company (GEMAC) / GE Challenge University Level with the theme of Sustainable Energy in Malaysia. Our team Energive (Giving Energy) made some proposal/strategic planning of smartgrid in Malaysia.
Reducing energy intensity of the Indian economy, Saurabh Diddi, Bureau of Ene...ESD UNU-IAS
This lecture is part of the 2016 ProSPER.Net Young Researchers’ School on sustainable energy for transforming lives: availability, accessibility, affordability
PPT Devi Ebtke - OECD Stakeholder Dialogue on Mobilising Clean Energy Finance...OECD Environment
Presentation from Devi Ebtke
OECD Stakeholder dialogue: Mobilising Clean Energy Finance and Investment
Joint OECD-Government of Indonesia (GoI) Workshop at the Indo EBTKE Conex 2019, 8 November, Jakarta
Existing supporting regulatory framework For Energy EfficiencyACX
Get up to date with existing and upcoming regulations effecting energy use in Kenya. Learn more on trends in policy making and how this will affect you as a consumer.
This is normally my story line whenever I was asked/requested/invited to share with audience on the way forward for energy efficiency industry in Malaysia when I was I the government trying to push for EE agenda..and my opinions and thoughts are still the same until today and look like for longer time
How an Electric Vehicle can be a potential threat to CNG. What is Govt Initiative that is a boon to the electric vehicle industry are discussed & how various stakeholders are showing their interest in EV.
Perform, Achieve, and Trade (PAT) – An Innovative Programme to Promote Indust...Leonardo ENERGY
Enhanced energy efficiency in industrial sector is a challenge inasmuch as it competes for investment with new production capacity. However, it is also an opportunity since it enables higher productivity and greater competitiveness. The Perform, Achieve, and Trade (PAT) programme in India focuses on monetary reductions in specific energy consumption (SEC) of production units in energy intensive industrial sectors. In order to address issues of equity and inclusiveness, the programmes included all energy intensive plants in selected sectors, even the most energy efficient ones. However, the SEC reduction target was less for plants that are already more efficient. Further, third-party verification and issuance of certification for excess savings (more than the target) help in achieving transparency and enabling greater effort. The target savings were over-achieved by about one-third in the first cycle, and subsequently second and third cycles have been launched.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Indian energy efficiency scene..a macro perspective.
1. Energy Efficiency Scene in India
…a macro perspective
D.Pawan Kumar
Former Group Head and Director EM, NPC India & AEA
12 June 2018
2. • India is committed to EE as part of addressing climate change issue,
to reduce emission intensity of its GDP by 33% to 35% from 2005
levels.
• Under EC act 2001 implementation mandate, EE delivery is being
pursued by BEE, through interventions that include:
• Perform Achieve and Trade(PAT),Market Transformation for
Energy Efficiency(MTEE), Framework for Energy Efficient
Economic Development (FEEED),Energy Efficiency Financing
Platform (EEFP) initiatives under NMEEE.
• S&L star rating program
• DSM in Agriculture, Municipalities and Buildings.
• National Energy Conservation Awards and other awareness
raising programs
• State Designated Agency strengthening
• Energy Conservation Building Codes program
3. • In 2015-16, our per capita energy and electricity consumption were
670 KGOE and 1075 kWh per annum about one third of world avg.
The sectoral consumption breakup reflects
emerging trends of economy in energy use
and relevant focus areas.
The energy intensity at 2004-05 prices
reduced from 0.285 MJ/Rupee of GDPin
2014-15 to0.271 MJ/Rupee of GDPin 2015-16,
thanks mainly to growing share of service
sector apart from EE interventions.
4.
5. • NMEEE through it’s four key interventions aims to unlock EE market
In India valued at around Rs 74000 crores, and help achieve avoided
capacity of 19598 MW, fuel savings of 23 million MTOE and GHG
reduction of 98.55 million tons an year at full implementation stage.
• PAT achievements:
By 2014-15 the three year PAT 1 cycle covered 478 DCs across 8 EI
sectors(with 36% share) targeted to secure 6.686 MTOE annual savings
• In reality, the achievement was higher at 8.67 million MTOE, with
associated GHG reduction of about 30 million MT of CO2 emissions.
• Tradable EScerts, through market mechanism and PATNET, have led to
GoI issuing 38.25 lakh EScerts, to 306 DCs, while 110 DCs are required
to buy 14.25 Lakh EScerts.
• PAT cycle 2 widened the net of DCs to cover 11 sectors and 611 DCs
and seeks to save 8.869 million MTOE and about 31 million MT
emissions an year by 2018-19.
6. • PAT 3 cycle has commenced in 2017 April and seeks to save annually
1.06 MTOE for which SEC reduction targets have been set for 116 DCs
from six sectors, namely TPPs,cement, Aluminium, Pulp and Paper,
Iron and Steel and Textile who presently consume annually 35 million
MTOE.
• The DCs are included on rolling cycle basis and the sectors include
TPPs, Aluminium, Cement, Chlor-Alkali, Fertilizer, Pulp and Paper, Iron
and Steel, Textile, Discoms, Refineries and Railways.
• Standardised Reporting, Certified/accredited Energy manager and
Auditor system, MEAs, M&V are the hallmarks of a quality assured
market mechanism to streamline high bandwidth of EE performance
across DCs.
• The DC segment is likely to widen in coming times, with likely increase
in demand for EE products, technologies and services.
7. • Framework for Energy Efficient Economy Development (FEEED) is
administered through two initiatives, i.e. Partial Risk Guarantee Fund
for Energy Efficiency (PRGFEE) and Venture Capital fund for Energy
Efficiency (VCFEE) respectively.
• PRGFEE is a risk sharing mechanism, where guarantee is provided
for 50%loan amount or Rs one crore, per project whichever amount is
less. Consortium of REC-PDCL&REC-EESL is appointed
implementing agency with four FIs, namely Andhra Bank, Yes Bank,
Tata Cleantech Capital and IDFC bank being empanelled for servicing.
• Beneficiaries include Government and Private buildings, Commercial
and residential buildings, municipalities, SMEs, Industries and
ESCOs.
8. • VCFEE under Indian Trust Act 1882 is a Venture Capital fund, to provide last
mile equity support up to 15% or Rs 2 crore per project whichever amount is
less.
• Beneficiaries include Government and Private buildings, Commercial and
residential buildings, and municipalities.
• Other Financial Incentives include:
• exemption in basic customs duty (CFLs)
• Exemption from special additional duty(LEDs for LED lamps)
• Reduction in excise duty on LEDs from 10% to 6%.
• Reduction in excise duty for LED drivers/components from 12% to 6%.
• Exemption from special additional duty for the above from existing 4%.
9. • The ECBC program, currently voluntary in nature, defines energy
performance norms for different regions in India, covering components like
• Walls, Roofs, Windows(Envelope)
• Lighting Systems
• HVAC systems
• Water Heating and Pumping System
• Electrical Power System.
• Star rating norms.(186 commercial buildings star rated)
• Development of guidelines, notifications, Awareness raising, Demo projects,
MoU with Green Building Certification Inc, development of
validation tools like EDGE equivalency with ECBC, creating a pool of
master trainers, empanelment of 139 SEBI accredited ESCOs have been the
interventions, apart from financial instruments mentioned above.
10. • The S&L program, initiated during 11th five year plan, through star rating
system, seeks to provide informed choice for consumers on appliances and
devices in respect of energy efficiency.
• Twenty one appliances and devices are covered in S&L program with 8
appliances being in mandatory domain and 13 being in voluntary domain.
• Towards market transformation, apart from ad campaigns, training of sales
staff of retailers(National Retailer Training Program) is an apt initiative in
place.
• About 22900 MW of avoided generation capacity achieved so far through S &
L Program in India.
• DSM Program for municipalities, addresses EE concerns of municipalities
and urban local bodies, with energy budget getting close to 50% of total, in
EE interventions like phasing out pumps, motors, and streetlighting, through
well structured DSM programs and financial incentives, ESCO mode
implementation, yielding significant results.
11. • The Ag DSM Program: addresses EE concerns old inefficient agricultural
pumpsets, (accounting for 80% water consumption, 19% national electricity
consumption, across 20 million pumpsets. Replacement of old pumpsets
(avg 25-30% efficiency) by new EE pumpsets (40-45%) is being pursued
programmatically. Eleven discoms among eight states have been covered, in
addition to interventions like awareness raising, Demo projects, star rating
of EE pumpsets
• SME Program: Given the huge (about 36 million) MSME population across
the country and significant contribution to GDP, EE concerns of MSME
sector are being addressed both by MSME ministry as well as BEE by cluster
based intervention by way of awareness raising, audits, DPR preparation,
Demo project implementation, best practices dissemination, development of
local service providers.
• Discoms: Be it through MoP’s APDRP and RAPDRP programs or through PAT
and DSM programs of BEE, major achievements of awareness raising,
technology upgradation, reform process, ATC loss reduction, ICT adoption,
infusion of huge R&M investments, have taken place with significant results.
12. • SDA capacity building: As per EC act mandates, thirty five state designated
agencies are being supported by BEE by way of financial assistance,
Awareness raising on EE and HRD, Demo projects, Training interventions,
Publicity campaigns, IT enabling etc (around 200 Crores in 12th plan)
• National Cerification Examination for EM and EA:
Since 2004, till date, a rich pool of over 17500 certified energy managers, who
include 9200 certified energy auditors and 220 accredited energy auditors, has
been raised by national certification examination process, to serve the needs
of Industry and economy at large. Further, 52 accredited energy audit firms are
empanelled to serve PAT program interventions(MEAs and M&V studies).
The syllabus revisions and the QA measures have ensured a good supply
chain of professionals to provide value added services in EE, a critical need.
• NECA: The NECA scheme, since 1991, has served to document and
disseminate, EE achievements continuously.During 1999-2016, participating
units have reported savings of 41358 Mu electricity,49.74 lakh KL oil,225.06
lakh MT of coal,249974 lakh CM of gas totally worth Rs 35317 Crores, investing
Rs 52975 crores. The best practices have also led to lateral knowledge and
technology upgradation across industry.
13. Production of aluminium is extremely power intensive. On an average, Indian smelters
consume 15,000-16,500 KWH per ton of aluminium as against 14,000-14,500 KWH per ton
consumed by global smelters. .
Aluminium industry consumes more than 15% of electricity consumed by Industry in
abroad.
Energy accounts for nearly 40% of aluminium production costs. Smelting process
accounts for more than 90% of the total electricity consumption
The annual energy cost in terms of the sales turnover of the units ranges from 40 to
50%.
High electrical energy saving potential exists in the smelter section for the production
of Aluminium .
The technologies adopted both in India and abroad are same but they differ in energy
efficiency as some of the units are still using self-baking anodes instead of multiple
prebaked anodes.
Some sectoral Examples on EE
ALUMINIUM:
14. The technology improvements made in India and practiced in developed
countries are listed below.
High degree of mechanization and scientific operating practices such as
automation in cell operation by introducing microprocessor control and
computers, for energy efficiency.
Multiple prebaked anodes used in Hall – Heroult Process.
Improved anode design and increasing anode area by redesigning the
existing cell.
Improved techniques in cathode lining and cell design.
Efficient gas cleaning system and recovery of fluorides for dry gas-
scrubbing system.
New energy efficient technologies such as ALCOA, Carbothermic are being
tested abroad
R&D efforts are being carried out to improve existing process operations,
development of new processes, quality improvement, and environment
management.
15. Cement industry accounts for around 10 % of the coal and 6 % of the electricity
consumed by the Indian industrial sector.
In general, to produce 1 tonne of cement, 120 to 150 kg of imported coal or 200 to 220 kg
of domestic coal is needed. Power consumption for the same is 65 to 90 kWh in new and
95 to 120 kWh in old plants
The new generation plants installed in India have excellent energy efficiency norms
comparable with the best and most energy efficient plants in the World.This shows the
deep penetration of advanced technologies in India.
The best specific electrical energy consumption reported is in the range of 60 to 70 kWh/
tonne where as the specific thermal energy consumption is 690 to 700 Kcal/ kg of clinker.
The annual energy cost in terms of the sales turnover of the units ranges from 20 to 60%.
CEMENT:
16. The technology penetration is very high and the energy efficiency norms are
comparable to the best energy efficient plants in the World.
Following is the list of energy efficient technology penetrations made in India for
improved dry process:
Raw material preparation section – gyratory crushers and mobile crushers, VRM
(Vertical Roller Mills), external recirculation systems in VRM’s, adoption of roller press
technology and high efficiency separators in the grinding circuits.
Cement grinding – VRM with high efficiency separators and high-pressure roller
press in various modes of operation, static V separators along with dynamic separators.
Pyro processing Section – Installation of precalcinators and 5/6 stage preheaters
with low pressure drop cyclones, short kilns having lower L/D ratio, new generation
coolers having better heat recovery potential.
_ Low pressure drop suspension preheaters (5~6 stages).
Multi channel burners.
High efficiency separators and vertical roller mills.
Waste heat utilisation systems.
Computerized process control.
Oxygen rich air for combustion.
Secondary firing system.
R&D efforts are high to improve the energy efficiency levels, product improvements,
etc.
17. There are mainly four types of fertilizer’s, namely nitrogenous, phosphatic, potassic and
complex.
Of the total fertilizer production in India, nitrogenous fertilizers constitute more than 80
% and phosphatic fertilizers account for most of the remaining 20%. Urea, ammonium
sulphate (AS), calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) and ammonium chloride (ACl.) are some of
the important nitrogenous fertilizers. Of these, urea occupies the largest share of nearly
82.9%. India does not produce potassic fertilisers. Ammonia (NH3) is the basic raw material
used in nitrogenous fertiliser production and is synthesized from hydrocarbon feedstock.
The feedstock for the production of Ammonia and Urea varies from naphtha to natural
gas to furnace oil/LSHS to the combination of above and hence; the specific consumption
norms vary accordingly.
The specific electrical energy consumption for the furnace oil/LSHS is in the range of 360
to 375 kWh/tonne and the thermal energy consumption is in the range of 4 to 7
M.kCal/tonne.
The specific electrical energy consumption for the Naphtha /Natural gas or mixed
feedstock is in the range of 90 to 200 kWh/tonne.
Fertilizer
18. The thermal energy cost contributes the major share in the total
energy cost and the total energy cost based on the furnace oil/LSHS or
naphtha alone as feedstock is much higher than natural gas based
plants or the combination of natural gas and naphtha based plants.
The annual energy cost in terms of the sales turnover of the units
ranges from 40 to 85%. The wide range is due to the type of feedstock
and the product range.
The level of awareness on energy conservation in this sector is high
19. The technology penetration is improving considerably due to recent
advances in process technologies and catalysts
Internal heat recovery system have resulted in lower energy intensity and
most of the technologies available abroad are already in operation in India.
The various energy efficient technologies available for this sector are as
follows
Ammonia plants
Reformer tubes of superior material
Adiabatic pre-reformer
Low steam/carbon ratio
Purge gas recovery unit
Make up gas chiller at suction
Synthesis converter revamp
Computer control and Optimisation for process
Urea plants
Urea hydrolyses stripper
Trays inside the reactor
Coils to feed the reactants from the top of the reactor
Internal heat recovery system
Vacuum pre-concentrator
R&D is mainly focused on the new processes, simulation models and in the
development of bio-fertilizers.
20. The iron and steel industry is the largest consumer of energy in the
Indian industrial sector consuming about 10% of electricity and 27% of
coal consumed by the Indian industry.
The energy costs constitute nearly 30 to 35% of this sector's production
costs.
The primary sources of energy for the ISPs are coking coal, non-coking
coal, liquid hydrocarbons and electricity, of which coking coal accounts
for around 65 to 80%. The process of making iron in blast furnaces
accounts for nearly 70% of the total energy consumption at the plant.
IRON &STEEL
21. The technological performance of the Indian steel plants is
considerably lower than existing international standards. This is
due to the inefficient use of technology, obsolete technology, and
incompatibility of Indian input materials with imported technology
Indian industries consume nearly 7.2 ~ 8.2 Million kCal to produce
one tonne of steel, while industries in the West take around 5
MkCal. The thermal energy cost contributes the maximum to the
total energy cost.
Some of the Indian Steel plants are already undergoing a process
of modernization and are adopting more energy efficient practices
The annual energy cost in terms of the sales turnover of the units
ranges from 25 to 30%.
22. The technology penetration is quite progressive in this sector and
various energy efficient practices being followed are as follows.
Basic oxygen furnace (BOFs) are replacing the Open hearth (OH)
based method of steel production.
Continuous Casting (CC) is replacing traditional ingot casting.
SAIL already produces 70% of steel through the BOF and 20% through
the CC route. It is expected that after the ongoing modernization, about
80% of SAIL steel will be produced through BOF and 55% by the CC
route.
The technology improvement progress in Indian industry is positive
and the steel making process employs many technologies for coke
making, sintering, pre reduction, smelting, casting, rolling and
annealing processes.
23. Furnaces consume the maximum amount of energy in the steel
making process.
Apart from replacement of OH furnaces by the BOFs, other
improvements incorporated in the Integrated Steel Plant are listed as
follows:
-Replacing ingot casting with continuous casting
-Improvement in sinter quality and its use up to 80% in the
blast furnace burden
- Improvements in blast furnace practices like coal dust
injection
-Increased blast pressure and temperatures
-Several improvements in the rolling mills like direct charging
of hot slabs, automation, rolling to strict tolerances, controlled
cooling and automatic gauge control.
R&D efforts are good in the areas of coal utilisation, new grades of
steel and many technology improvements have been carried out.
24. Petrochemical industry is a capital intensive and high volumes
industry. The minimum economic size of an integrated plant is around
1mn TPA of end product, which entails an investment of Rs100 billion.
The industry is a technology intensive industry. The obsolescence of
technology is quite rapid. Plants should have the adaptability to
absorb new technology and should be upgraded and/or modernized
constantly.
The demand for petrochemicals is directly related with the economic
growth of the country. Polymers which drive 70% of the demand, have
grown at 14% in 90's
The demand elasticity is high in petrochemicals. With the fall in prices
of petrochemicals the demand increases and vice-versa.
The product range is wide and includes petrochemicals, polymers,
and other specialty chemicals and hence, the production capacities
vary widely
Petrochemicals
25. .
The specific electrical energy consumption is in the range of 350 to
1,380 kWh/tonne and the specific thermal energy consumption is in the
range of 1.1 to 5.5 M.kCal/tonne depending upon the type of product
manufactured.
The annual energy cost in terms of the sales turnover of the units
ranges from 5 to 20%.
Most of the energy conservation measures have been implemented in
the process section.
Many of the technologies are sourced from abroad mainly from US
and U.K and import substitution has been made on many of the
products.
R&D efforts are very specific to product-wise development.
26. The Indian pulp and paper industry is the sixth largest energy consumer in the
Indian industrial sector and its energy cost accounts for about 30% of the total
manufacturing cost.
In order to produce one ton of dried pulp, around 0.215 MkCal of power & 6.5
tonne of steam is used in the Kraft with black liquor recovery process while1.45
tonne of steam and around 3.5 MkCal Power is used in the Acid Sulphite Process.
Paper is made from wood, agricultural residues or waste paper. The present
share of these technologies is 37%, 31%, and 32% respectively.
The production of pulp and paper involves three major steps- pulping,
bleaching and paper productions. The type of pulping and amount of bleaching
used depend on the nature of the feedstock and the desired quality of the
product.
Kraft (Sulphate) pulping and Sulphite pulping are the two main pulping
processes. Kraft pulping is the most widely used process. This is because of the
long fibres in Kraft pulp and the fact that the chemicals used are not so harsh in
their action, that make possible the production of very strong paper. Sulphite
process is a newer process. It is used in the manufacture of some of the finest
papers, including bond. The sulphite pulp is easy to bleach but the fibres are
weak
Pulp and Paper
27. The specific electrical energy consumption of writing and printing is in
the range of 1,010 to 1,650 kWh/ tonne, 1,298 to 1,728 kWh/tonne for
Paper and Board, 1,884 to 2,138 kWh/tonne for News Print and 659 to
1,014 kWh for Kraft units.
The thermal energy consumption of the units are in the range of 7.8 to
7.9 M.kCal/tonne for Kraft, 4.7 to 8 for Writing and Printing, 4.3 to 4.8
for Paper board, 2.4 to 3.5 for News print units.
The reported National best value for electrical and thermal energy is in
the range of 1,092 kWh/tonne and 4.32 M.kCal/tonne, whereas the
International values are around 650 kWh/tonne and 2.9 M.kCal/tonne
respectively.
Electrical energy cost contributes the maximum to the total energy
cost
The annual energy cost in terms of the sales turnover of the units
ranges from 10 to 25%
There is an international shift towards the use of wastepaper whereas
wood still continues to be the basic raw material for the Indian
industry.
28. Technology updating is positive in the Indian paper sector with a variety
product range, which is classified as paper and paperboard segment
and newsprint segment. There are various technical options, which can
improve the energy efficiency of the paper industry and details are
mentioned below:
-Continuous digesters instead of present batch digesters for the
digestion of wood
-Displacement bleaching system for bleaching of pulp
-Falling film type evaporators in the conversion of pulp into paper
R&D efforts were carried out mainly to improve the quality of the
product and environment.
29. Some EETs cross cutting various sectors
• EE Boilers, FBC Technologies, WH Boilers, Combustion controls, steam parameter
upgrades, Thermal insulation upgrades, water treatment upgrades, Instrumentation
and control upgrades etc
• EE Furnaces, coatings, WHR systems, Thermal insulation upgrades, combustion
controls etc.
• Cogen system upgrades, online cleaning systems, EE Turbines, Generators, DCS
controls etc.
• Star rated transformers, Amorphous core Transformers,
• IE 2 and IE 3 motors, EE VFDs, Harmonics Control systems
• Process automation systems, condition monitoring, RLA studies, BMS, SAP adaption
• SCADA adoption, Smart grid systems, MDAS and remote metering systems.
• RE technologies, devices and applications.
• EE pumps, Fans, scroll, screw and centrifugal Compressors,
• BLDC drives for various application systems.
• EE and Water Efficient RO systems
• VAM systems, ORC systems, Thermic fluid systems, Energy recovery ETP systems
• EE LEDs, Drivers, EE ballast systems, APFC Controls, AC controls, Air compressor
controls, Occupancy Controls, FRP,GRP fans
• Green products,
• ISO standards like ISO 50001, GMP, Ohsas, sustainability reporting,
30. Barriers for EET Penetration:
• Aversion to technical and Financial risk
• Lack of awareness (Technical illiteracy)
• Trader mindset among owners, Second hand equipment prevailing often.
• Trust factor w.r.t. ESCO transactions.
• L1 quotation syndrome among Public sector units.
• Aversion to reporting real benefits, especially among MSMEs
• Price premium factor
• Apprehension about spares/follow up services in case of new technologies
• EET manufacturer responses/Typical Experiences w.r.t slow penetration:
• Threat from big players in market place ( illustrative cases of superfans/BLDC equipment/Flat
belts/FRP blades/Amorphous core transformers)..Feudal traits!)
• Price premium barrier on account of economies of scale.
• Procurement processes, technical specifications, tendering formalities are traditional.
• Limited budgets for marketing, localized rather than PAN India presence
• Timelines required for establishing a technology/product in market place.
• Opportunities/avenues in present context:
• PAT Mandates, industry pressures on EE
• Huge pool of EMs and EAs, AEAs, ESCOs, FIs, that can create markets if sensitized well.
• BEE&EESL schemes, demo projects,
• Presence in centers of excellence/institutions of repute/ seminal events