ChatGPT and Beyond - Elevating DevOps Productivity
IMPLEMENTATION OF QUANTUM LOGIC GATES (1).pptx
1. IMPLEMENTATION OF
QUANTUM LOGIC GATES
Prepared By
B.Nandini Priya
22011D5517
Under The Guidance of
Dr.T.Madhavi Kumari
Professor of ECE Dept
2. ABSTRACT
Quantum computing is a game-changing paradigm that can solve complex,
classically intractable problems. Quantum logic gates are its building blocks,
manipulating qubits according to quantum principles. This project bridges classical
digital logic and quantum computing by implementing these gates in Verilog, a
popular hardware description language.
3. INTRODUCTION
➢ Quantum logic gates are the foundation of quantum computing, distinct from
classical gates that handle classical bits. They operate on qubits, leveraging quantum
properties like superposition and entanglement for intricate computations beyond
classical computer capabilities. Quantum gates are essential in quantum circuit
design and algorithm execution, driving advancements in quantum computing.
4. Q-BITS
➢ Quantum bits, or qubits, are fundamental units of information in quantum
computing. They are analogous to classical bits (0s and 1s) in classical computing but
behave according to the principles of quantum mechanics, which allows them to
exist in a superposition of states and exhibit entanglement.
5. TYPES OF QUANTUM GATES
➢ Several types of quantum logic gates exist, each serving specific purposes within
quantum circuits, Some of them are
● Pauli-X Gate (X-Gate) Equivalent to NOT gate
● CNOT Gate (Controlled-X Gate) Equivalent to XOR gate
● Toffoli Gate (CCNOT Gate) Equivalent to AND gate with three inputs
● (Toffoli Gate + X-Gate) Equivalent to OR gate
● Toffoli Gate + X-Gate + Z-Gate Equivalent to NAND gate with three inputs
● CNOT Gate + Z-Gate Equivalent to XNOR gate
● Toffoli Gate + Z-Gate Equivalent to NOR gate with three inputs
6.
7. LITERATURE SURVEY
➢ “Quantum Computation and Quantum Information" by Michael A. Nielsen and Isaac L.
Chuang
➢ “Quantum Computing: A Gentle Introduction" by Eleanor G. Rieffel and Wolfgang H.
Polak
➢ "Experimental Realization of Quantum Algorithms" by Raymond Laflamme, Emanuel Knill,
Raymond Martinez, and Chingang Xie
➢ “Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computation" by Peter W. Shor
➢ “Quantum Computing: wikipedia-free encyclopedia ”
8. REALIZATION OF QUANTUM GATES
➢ The implementation and realization of these gates is done using verilog
programming.
➢ Verilog, a hardware description language, is employed as a tool to design, simulate,
and program the behavior of quantum logic gates in a digital format.
.Pauli X gate
➢ The Pauli-X gate operates on a single qubit, which can exist in two states: |0⟩ and |1⟩.
➢ In mathematical notation, the Pauli-X gate can be represented as follows:
● X(|0>) = |1>
● X(|1>) = |0>
9. CONTINUED…
ii.CNOT GATE
➢ The CNOT gate operates on two qubits, often denoted as |c⟩ (the control qubit) and
|t⟩ (the target qubit).
➢ The CNOT gate's operation depends on the state of the control qubit
The CNOT gate can be represented as
● CNOT(|c⟩⊗|t⟩) = |c⟩⊗(|c⟩⊕|t⟩)
Here, ⊗ represents the tensor product, and ⊕ represents the XOR operation.
10. CONTINUED…
iii.TOFFOLI GATE
➢ The Toffoli gate operates on three qubits, often denoted as |a⟩ (the first control
qubit), |b⟩ (the second control qubit), and |c⟩ (the target qubit).
➢ In mathematical notation, the Toffoli gate can be represented as follows:
Toffoli(|a⟩, |b⟩, |c⟩) = |a⟩⊗|b⟩⊗(|c⟩⊕(a∧b))
Here, ⊗ represents the tensor product, ⊕ represents the XOR operation (bitwise
addition modulo 2), and ∧ represents the logical AND operation
14. EXAMPLE QUANTUM CIRCUIT
➢ A Full Adder is designed using the quantum gates in xilinx Vivado ISE 2023.1
➢ The simulation results are given below
15. ADVANTAGES
➢ Quantum logic gates are reversible
➢ Quantum gates are unitary operators, and are described as unitary matrices.
➢ Scalability
➢ Easy Error Correction
➢ Parallelism
17. CONCLUSION
➢ The implementation of quantum logic gates represents a pivotal milestone in the
field of quantum computing. Quantum logic gates are the building blocks of
quantum circuits, enabling us to manipulate and process quantum information in
ways that classical computing cannot replicate.As we harness the power of quantum
logic gates, we unlock the potential to solve complex problems exponentially faster
than classical computers, opening doors to advancements in cryptography,
optimization, and the simulation of quantum systems that were once deemed
insurmountable.
18. FUTURE SCOPE
➢ As the development of Quantum logic is still in its infancy ,the future work of these
quantum gates mainly focuses on the development of error free quantum
computer, Quantum error correction will enhance computational reliability,
enabling large-scale quantum computations. They hold immense potential for
accelerating problem-solving in finance, healthcare, and materials science.
