Implementing the XOR, AND, OR gate in the quantum circuits and with the help of IBM Quantum Composer which is a graphical programming tool. Also utilizing the Quantum circuit as well as HDL i.e., Verilog by Xilinx ISE Design Suite version 14.7 for visualizing the simulation graph with implementing the XOR, AND, OR and NAND gates also actually NAND gate is not found the universal gate in quantum, so trying to build the NAND gate which can also perform the reversible nature with simulating using the Verilog code for the desired result i.e. NAND output.
Report-Implementation of Quantum Gates using VerilogShashank Kumar
It was a project-based work in which I was guided to implement the quantum-based gates which would be equivalent to classical gates So, the project name was "FPGA Implementation of Digital Logic Design using Quantum Computing". Actually, it is to mitigate the problem, since in quantum any NAND based circuit is not shown universal as in the classical it was so tried by using the "IBM Quantum Composer" to make such circuit which would behave as the NAND gate and also reversible in nature as per the quantum physics says and simulated the circuitry using the "Verilog".
Report-Implementation of Quantum Gates using VerilogShashank Kumar
It was a project-based work in which I was guided to implement the quantum-based gates which would be equivalent to classical gates So, the project name was "FPGA Implementation of Digital Logic Design using Quantum Computing". Actually, it is to mitigate the problem, since in quantum any NAND based circuit is not shown universal as in the classical it was so tried by using the "IBM Quantum Composer" to make such circuit which would behave as the NAND gate and also reversible in nature as per the quantum physics says and simulated the circuitry using the "Verilog".
Low Power VLSI design architecture for EDA (Electronic Design Automation) and Modern Power Estimation, Reduction and Fixing technologies including clock gating and power gating
A fundamental introduction to Intellectual Property in VLSI domain. Starts from basics and includes types of IPs and their examples, life cycle of an IP and other few topics in brief in an interactive Q-A manner.
The material is also available at : https://wordpress.com/stats/day/vlsifundamentals.wordpress.com
https://www.udemy.com/vlsi-academy
http://vlsisystemdesign.com/need_for_decap.php
A decoupling capacitor is a capacitor, which is used decouple the critical cells from main power supply, in order to protect the cells from the disturbance occuring in the power distribution lines and source. The purpose of using decoupling capacitors is to deliver current to the gates during switching. Herein, we would peep inside the reasons for the distrubance occuring in the power distribution lines.
Semiconductor engineering is becoming more dynamic fiels since the technology scaling is taking place. Power reduction techniques are lucrative solutions to the performance, area and power trade off. Therefore Power reduction of VLSI designs are critical.
In electronics, crosstalk is any phenomenon by which a signal transmitted on one circuit or channel of a transmission system creates an undesired effect in another circuit or channel. Crosstalk is usually caused by undesired capacitive, inductive, or conductive coupling from one circuit or channel to another.
Crosstalk is a significant issue in structured cabling, audio electronics, integrated circuit design, wireless communication and other communications systems.
Ever thought what's an interviewer's favorite questions to rip you off - all of my previous post :).
And On-Chip Variation (OCV) is one of them, specifically for Static Timing Analysis interview. This analysis is coming from people who got interviewed and recruited into leading VLSI industries.
Most importantly, my posts and videos have helped most of them and I really feel proud about it. Nice feeling.
Introduction of testing and verification of vlsi designUsha Mehta
This slides are introductory slides for the course testing and verification of VLSI Design which cover the basics of Why, Where, When and How of VLSI design testing
Implementation of Non-restoring Reversible Divider Using a Quantum-Dot Cellul...VIT-AP University
The CMOS-based integrated circuit may scale down to nanometer range. The primary challenge is to further downscale the device and high-energy dissipation. Reversible logic does not dissipate energy and no information loss. In this
way, the state-of-the-art technology such as QCA was forced toward high-speed
computing with negligible energy dissipation in the physical foreground. This work
targets the design of non-restoring reversible divider circuit and its implementation in QCA. We have utilized few 2 × 2 FG and 4 × 4 HNG gates as the block construction and also show the QCA implementation having cost-efficient approach. Further, the divider circuit has synthesized with FG and HNG gates
and QCA implementation. This divider circuit inherits many benefits such as fewer
garbage outputs, reduce quantum cost are achieved, and also reduced QCA primitives
can be improved by using efficient QCA layout scheme. Simulation investigations have been verified by QCA Designer. The proposed non-restoring divider also compares the reversible metrics results with some of other existing works.
Novel Tree Structure Based Conservative Reversible Binary Coded Decimal Adder...VIT-AP University
Reversible logic has been recognized as one of the most promising technique for the realization of the quantum circuit. In this paper, a cost effective conservative, reversible binary coded decimal
(BCD) adder is proposed for the quantum logic circuit. Towards the realization of BCD adder, few novel gates, such as Half-Adder/Subtraction (HAS-PP), Full-Adder/Subtraction (FAS-PP) and Overflow-detection (OD-PP) based on parity preserving logic are synthesized which incurs 7, 10 and
13 quantum cost respectively. Coupling these gates a novel tree-based methodology is proposed to
implement the required BCD Adder. Also, the BCD adder design has been optimized to achieve the optimum value of quantum cost. In addition, the proposed BCD circuit is extended to n-bit adder using replica based techniques. Experimental result establishes the novelty of the proposed logic,
which outperforms the conventional circuits in terms of logic synthesis and testability. The limitation
of detecting the missing gate and missing control point of the quantum circuit of overflow detection
is finally tackled this work by the proposed OD-PP with the application of the minimum test vector. In addition, reversible circuits of control inputs based testable master-slave D-FF is intended. The noted work on the testable sequential circuit presented here is to develop circuit using minimum test vectors and can find diverse application in the testing paradigm
Low Power VLSI design architecture for EDA (Electronic Design Automation) and Modern Power Estimation, Reduction and Fixing technologies including clock gating and power gating
A fundamental introduction to Intellectual Property in VLSI domain. Starts from basics and includes types of IPs and their examples, life cycle of an IP and other few topics in brief in an interactive Q-A manner.
The material is also available at : https://wordpress.com/stats/day/vlsifundamentals.wordpress.com
https://www.udemy.com/vlsi-academy
http://vlsisystemdesign.com/need_for_decap.php
A decoupling capacitor is a capacitor, which is used decouple the critical cells from main power supply, in order to protect the cells from the disturbance occuring in the power distribution lines and source. The purpose of using decoupling capacitors is to deliver current to the gates during switching. Herein, we would peep inside the reasons for the distrubance occuring in the power distribution lines.
Semiconductor engineering is becoming more dynamic fiels since the technology scaling is taking place. Power reduction techniques are lucrative solutions to the performance, area and power trade off. Therefore Power reduction of VLSI designs are critical.
In electronics, crosstalk is any phenomenon by which a signal transmitted on one circuit or channel of a transmission system creates an undesired effect in another circuit or channel. Crosstalk is usually caused by undesired capacitive, inductive, or conductive coupling from one circuit or channel to another.
Crosstalk is a significant issue in structured cabling, audio electronics, integrated circuit design, wireless communication and other communications systems.
Ever thought what's an interviewer's favorite questions to rip you off - all of my previous post :).
And On-Chip Variation (OCV) is one of them, specifically for Static Timing Analysis interview. This analysis is coming from people who got interviewed and recruited into leading VLSI industries.
Most importantly, my posts and videos have helped most of them and I really feel proud about it. Nice feeling.
Introduction of testing and verification of vlsi designUsha Mehta
This slides are introductory slides for the course testing and verification of VLSI Design which cover the basics of Why, Where, When and How of VLSI design testing
Implementation of Non-restoring Reversible Divider Using a Quantum-Dot Cellul...VIT-AP University
The CMOS-based integrated circuit may scale down to nanometer range. The primary challenge is to further downscale the device and high-energy dissipation. Reversible logic does not dissipate energy and no information loss. In this
way, the state-of-the-art technology such as QCA was forced toward high-speed
computing with negligible energy dissipation in the physical foreground. This work
targets the design of non-restoring reversible divider circuit and its implementation in QCA. We have utilized few 2 × 2 FG and 4 × 4 HNG gates as the block construction and also show the QCA implementation having cost-efficient approach. Further, the divider circuit has synthesized with FG and HNG gates
and QCA implementation. This divider circuit inherits many benefits such as fewer
garbage outputs, reduce quantum cost are achieved, and also reduced QCA primitives
can be improved by using efficient QCA layout scheme. Simulation investigations have been verified by QCA Designer. The proposed non-restoring divider also compares the reversible metrics results with some of other existing works.
Novel Tree Structure Based Conservative Reversible Binary Coded Decimal Adder...VIT-AP University
Reversible logic has been recognized as one of the most promising technique for the realization of the quantum circuit. In this paper, a cost effective conservative, reversible binary coded decimal
(BCD) adder is proposed for the quantum logic circuit. Towards the realization of BCD adder, few novel gates, such as Half-Adder/Subtraction (HAS-PP), Full-Adder/Subtraction (FAS-PP) and Overflow-detection (OD-PP) based on parity preserving logic are synthesized which incurs 7, 10 and
13 quantum cost respectively. Coupling these gates a novel tree-based methodology is proposed to
implement the required BCD Adder. Also, the BCD adder design has been optimized to achieve the optimum value of quantum cost. In addition, the proposed BCD circuit is extended to n-bit adder using replica based techniques. Experimental result establishes the novelty of the proposed logic,
which outperforms the conventional circuits in terms of logic synthesis and testability. The limitation
of detecting the missing gate and missing control point of the quantum circuit of overflow detection
is finally tackled this work by the proposed OD-PP with the application of the minimum test vector. In addition, reversible circuits of control inputs based testable master-slave D-FF is intended. The noted work on the testable sequential circuit presented here is to develop circuit using minimum test vectors and can find diverse application in the testing paradigm
Optimal and Power Aware BIST for Delay Testing of System-On-ChipIDES Editor
Test engineering for fault tolerant VLSI systems is
encumbered with optimization requisites for hardware
overhead, test power and test time. The high level quality of
these complex high-speed VLSI circuits can be assured only
through delay testing, which involves checking for accurate
temporal behavior. In the present paper, a data-path based
built-in test pattern generator (TPG) that generates iterative
pseudo-exhaustive two-patterns (IPET) for parallel delay
testing of modules with different input cone capacities is
implemented. Further, in the present study a CMOS
implementation of low power architecture (LPA) for scan based
built-in self test (BIST) for delay testing and combinational
testing is carried out. This reduces test power dissipation in
the circuit under test (CUT). Experimental results and
comparisons with pre-existing methods prove the reduction
in hardware overhead and test-time.
A separately excited dc motor is driven from a 240v, 50HZ supply via a HC
SCR-bridge with a fly-wheel diode. The motor has an armature resistance
1Ω, an armature voltage constant Kv of 0.8 V. s/rad. The field current is
constant. Assume steady armature current. Determine the armature current
and torque for 1600 rpm and a firing angle delay of a) 30° b) 60
A Novel and Efficient Design for Squaring Units by Quantum-Dot Cellular AutomataVIT-AP University
Quantum cell automata (QCA) are the best possible alternative to the
conventional CMOS technology due to its low power consumption, less area and high-speed operation. This paper describes synthesizable QCA implementation of squaring. Vedic sutras used for squaring are defined over algorithm construction. Based on the concept of the Vedic sutra, this paper has carried out 2-bit square and
4-bit square, projective to affine logic gates construction. Importantly for miniaturization
of devices, the QCA based square is the operation on which the area of
circuits relies on. This means that significantly lower QCA parameters can be used in
the square than in other competitive square circuits such as Wallace, Dadda, serial parallel,
and Baugh-Wooley.
A modular approach for testable conservative reversible multiplexer circuit f...VIT-AP University
Quantum technology has an attractive application nowadays for its minimizing the energy dissipation, which is a prominent
part of any system-level design. In this article, the significant module of a multiplexer, an extended to n:1 is framed with
prominent application in the control unit of the processor. The proposed multiplexer modules are framed by the algorithm,
which is extended perspective based. Further, quantum cost and gate count are less to ensure the efficient quantum computing
framed. In addition, the QCA computing framework is an attempt to synthesize the optimal primitives in conservative
reversible multiplexer in nano-electronic confine application. The developed lemmas is framed to prove the optimal parameters
in the reversible circuit. Compared with existing state-of-art-works, the proposed modular multiplexer, the gate count,
quantum cost and unit delay are optimal.
A parity generator is a circuit that generates redundant bits used for error detection
and is used when transmitting binary information. Previous parity generator circuits
based on quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) are designed to reduce the area of the
circuit. Input cells of existing circuit are designed inside the circuit and the circuit’s
signal is not propagated properly due to the influence between adjacent wires. In
addition, existing circuits consume many clocks because the XOR gate, which is an
essential component of the parity generator circuit, consumes many clocks. In order to
solve this problem, we design a 3-bit odd parity generator circuit using QCA for fast
operation. The proposed circuit uses an XOR gate that can operate one clock faster
than the existing XOR gate to reduce the clock, and by extending this XOR gate, the
output value can be obtained faster than the conventional circuit. In the proposed
circuit, the result is verified through simulation and the performance is compared with
the existing circuit
Designing Conservative Reversible N-Bit Binary Comparator for Emerging Quantu...VIT-AP University
The quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) has more advantages than CMOS regarding area and power. This
work targets a conservative reversible comparator and its realization in QCA. In this work, we construct a
conservative reversible comparator with an optimal value of reversible metrics. In state to design, three conservative
reversible gates, namely PPC, PPNG-1 and PPNG-2 (PP = parity-preserving, C = comparator, N = new,
G = gate), are proposed. Furthermore, the quantum equivalent of 1-bit and 2-bit comparator is presented. The
proposed concept has been implemented through an algorithm for the n-bit comparator. Also, PPC workability
is tested in QCA. The PPC has been performing 1-bit comparator result with minimum area, cell complexity,
and latency, which is found to be 0.52 m2, 387 and 1 respectively. In addition, the complete energy dissipation
analysis to explore such as a thermal layout map of PPC is also presented in this paper. Further, average
energy dissipation v’s kink energy, maximum energy dissipation v’s kink energy, minimum energy dissipation
v’s kink energy and average output node polarization v’s temperature are provided in this paper. The proposed
comparator forwards an improved ratio of 33.33% in gate count and ranging from 27.27% to 29.35% in garbage
outputs than its counterparts circuits, which ensure more scalable.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
A novel vedic divider based crypto-hardware for nanocomputing paradigm: An ex...VIT-AP University
Restoring and non-restoring divider has become widely applicability in the era of digital computing application due to its computation speed. In this paper, we have proposed the design of divider of different architecture for the computation of Vedic sutra based. The design of divider in the Vedic mode results in
high computation throughput due to its replica architecture, where latency is minimized in each of the replica stages. The proposed novel divider based symmetric key crypto-hardware architecture for lightweight embedded devices and the results obtained for this architecture by the analysis using the QCADesigner tool. For the physical environment in QCA computing paradigm are achieved through optimization the
architecture of cell by using the robust design computing architecture. For the extended perspective of lower
divider to higher divider and to synthesize, target outcomes by using efficient architecture.
Similar to Implementation of quantum gates using verilog (20)
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
1. Implementation of Quantum Gates
Presentation by
SHASHANK KUMAR
Defence Institute of Advance Technology, Pune
Supervisor
Dr. Anbuselvi M.
Associate Professor
Department of Electronics Engineering
3. Objective
• To get explored with the concepts of Quantum
computing
• To gain knowledge on basic quantum circuits using
Qiskit
• To model various quantum gates with the basic of the
quantum circuits also making universal gate-NAND
in the Quantum circuit which will also shows the
reversible nature.
4. Introduction
• Quantum circuits are collections of quantum gates interconnected by
quantum wires. The actual structure of a quantum circuit, the
number and the types of gates, as well as the interconnection scheme
are dictated by the unitary transformation.
• A physical implementation of a qubit could use the two energy
levels of an atom. An excited state representing |1> and a ground
state representing |0>.
• A single qubit can be forced into a superposition of the two states
denoted by the addition of the state vectors:
|> = |0> + |1>
• Where and are complex numbers and | | + | | = 1
11. Project Module/Block diagram
Fig: Quantum circuit for NAND
There are three main components in this quantum circuit-
1. Initialization and Reset
2. Quantum Gates
3. Measurements
13. Programming
• Design of reversible gates and various applications of it
using Verilog HDL with Xilinx ISE version 13.1, spartan 3
FPGA.
• Xilinx ISE is a software tool produced by Xilinx for
synthesis and analysis of HDL designs. This tool enables
the developer to synthesize their designs, perform time
analysis, examine RTL diagrams, design reactions to
different stimuli, and configure the target device with the
programmer.
15. Conclusion
Though in our description of quantum circuits we use
the concepts input and output registers of qubits, we
should be aware that physically, the input and the
output of a quantum circuit are not separated as their
classical counterparts are, this convention allows us to
describe the effect of unitary transformation carried
out by the circuit in a more coherent fashion.
