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International Journal of Engineering & Technical Research
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In this paper a grid interconnected system with wind energy source linked with a FACTs based SSFC device ( Static switched filter compensator ) at load for enhancing power quality is considered .Analysis is done for the proposed system by varying Carrier frequency over a wide range and observed system performance at all 3 busses wise Grid bus, Generator Bus and Load Bus. Two regulators are used to organize the FACTS SSFC-device, these are based on a tri-loop dynamic error obsessed inter-coupled input to VSC controller. Investigation is made in MATLAB/SIMULINK Environment for the proposed system ,it is observed that system performance in terms of percentage Total harmonic Distortion is satisfactory along with the Enhanced Power Quality.
A New Approach to Powerflow Management in Transmission System Using Interline...IJERA Editor
In this paper a new approach to power flow management in transmission system using interline Power Flow
Controller (IPFC) is proposed and model for IPFC is developed and simulate by MATLAB software. Interline
Power Flow Controller is a versatile device can be used to control power flows of a multi-line system or subnetworks
An Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC) is a converter based FACTS controller for series
compensation with capability of controlling power flow among multi-lines within the same corridor of the
transmission line. It consists of two or more Voltage Source Converters (VSCs) with a common dc-link. Real
power can be transferred via the common dc-link between the VSCs and each VSC is capable of exchanging
reactive power with its own transmission system
Improved Power Quality by using STATCOM Under Various Loading ConditionsIJMTST Journal
A Power quality problem is an occurrence manifested as a nonstandard voltage, current or frequency that
results in a failure or a mis-operation of end user equipment’s. Utility distribution networks, sensitive
industrial loads and critical commercial operations suffer from various types of outages and service
interruptions which can cost significant financial losses. With the restructuring of power systems and with
shifting trend towards distributed and dispersed generation, the issue of power quality is going to take
newer dimensions. Injection of the wind power into an electric grid affects the power quality. The
performance of the wind turbine and thereby power quality are determined on the basis of measurements
and the norms followed according to the guideline specified in International Electro-technical Commission
standard, IEC-61400. The influence of the wind turbine in the grid system concerning the power quality
measurements are-the active power, reactive power, variation of voltage, flicker, harmonics, and electrical
behavior of switching operation and these are measured according to national/international guidelines.
Static Compensator (STATCOM) is connected at a point of common coupling with a battery energy storage
system (BESS) to mitigate the power quality issues. The battery energy storage is integrated to sustain the
real power source under fluctuating wind power. Here two control schemes for STATCOM are Fuzzy logic
controller and hybrid Fuzzy logic controller. We can better response for hybrid fuzzy compare to fuzzy logic
controller. The STATCOM control scheme for the grid connected wind energy generation system for power
quality improvement is simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK in power system block set. Finally the proposed
scheme is applied for both balanced and unbalanced linear nonlinear loads.
Application of Unified Power Flow Controller in Nigeria Power System for Impr...ijtsrd
With the increased rate of urbanization and industrialization, the Nigerian electric power system is being put under pressure, high power losses which has led to fluctuation in voltage level. In this work the Nigeria 330Kv network of 42 bus system was considered. Data for the analysis were obtained from Transmission Company of Nigeria National Control Centre, Osogbo TCN and MATLAB PSAT software with newton Raphson's solution method embedded in it was used to carry out the analysis. The results of the analysis showed that many of the bus voltages were outside the voltage limits of ±5 i.e 0.95pu 1.05pu . After compensation with Flexible AC Transmission System devices FACTs namely Unified Power Flow Controller UPFC which can be used to control power flow on a transmission line, the voltage profile almost flat with bus voltages within acceptable voltage limits. It is also evident that the UPFC is device that can used to combat the voltage problem in the Nigerian electric power system. Adikaibe James | Prof. Engr. F. O. Enemuoh | Aghara Jachimma "Application of Unified Power Flow Controller in Nigeria Power System for Improvement of Voltage Profile" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27838.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/27838/application-of-unified-power-flow-controller-in-nigeria-power-system-for-improvement-of-voltage-profile/adikaibe-james
This paper presents an analysis of virtual-flux direct power control (VFDPC) technique for the three-phase pulse width modulation (PWM) ac-dc converter. The proposed VFDPC is developed by assuming the grid voltage and converter line filters quantities are related to a virtual three-phase ac motor. The controller works with less number of sensors by eliminating the voltage sensors used for measuring the three-phase grid voltage. The grid virtual flux which is proportional to the grid voltage will be estimated from the information of converter switching states, line current, and dc-link output voltage. Several analyses are performed in order to study the steady state and dynamic performance of the converter, particularly during the load and DC voltage output reference variations. The proportional integral (PI) controller at the outer voltage control loop of VFDPC is tuned properly and the entire PWM ac-dc converter system is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink to ensure the dc output voltage follow the desired output voltage under steady state and dynamic conditions. Ac-dc converter utilizing the proposed VFDPC is able to generate three-phase input current waveforms that are almost sinusoidal with low harmonics contents which is less than 5% and near unity power factor (pf) operation.
A Power quality problem is an occurrence of nonstandard voltage, current or frequency that results in a
failure or a misoperation of end user equipments. Utility distribution networks, sensitive industrial loads and
critical commercial operations suffer from various types of outages and service interruptions which can cost
significant financial losses. With the increase in load demand, the Renewable Energy Sources (RES) are
increasingly connected in the distribution systems which utilizes power electronic Converters/Inverters. This
paper presents a single-stage, three-phase grid connected solar photovoltaic (SPV) system. The proposed system
is dual purpose, as it not only feeds extracted solar energy into the grid but it also helps in improving power
quality in the distribution system. The presented system serves the purpose of maximum power point tracking
(MPPT), feeding SPV energy to the grid, harmonics mitigation of loads connected at point of common coupling
(PCC) and balancing the grid currents. The SPV system uses a three-phase voltage source converter (VSC) for
performing all these functions. An improved linear sinusoidal tracer (ILST)-based control algorithm is proposed
for control of VSC. In the proposed system, a variable dc link voltage is used for MPPT. An instantaneous
compensation technique is used incorporating changes in PV power for fast dynamic response. The SPV system
is first simulated in MATLAB along with Simulink and simpower system toolboxes.
In this paper a grid interconnected system with wind energy source linked with a FACTs based SSFC device ( Static switched filter compensator ) at load for enhancing power quality is considered .Analysis is done for the proposed system by varying Carrier frequency over a wide range and observed system performance at all 3 busses wise Grid bus, Generator Bus and Load Bus. Two regulators are used to organize the FACTS SSFC-device, these are based on a tri-loop dynamic error obsessed inter-coupled input to VSC controller. Investigation is made in MATLAB/SIMULINK Environment for the proposed system ,it is observed that system performance in terms of percentage Total harmonic Distortion is satisfactory along with the Enhanced Power Quality.
A New Approach to Powerflow Management in Transmission System Using Interline...IJERA Editor
In this paper a new approach to power flow management in transmission system using interline Power Flow
Controller (IPFC) is proposed and model for IPFC is developed and simulate by MATLAB software. Interline
Power Flow Controller is a versatile device can be used to control power flows of a multi-line system or subnetworks
An Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC) is a converter based FACTS controller for series
compensation with capability of controlling power flow among multi-lines within the same corridor of the
transmission line. It consists of two or more Voltage Source Converters (VSCs) with a common dc-link. Real
power can be transferred via the common dc-link between the VSCs and each VSC is capable of exchanging
reactive power with its own transmission system
Improved Power Quality by using STATCOM Under Various Loading ConditionsIJMTST Journal
A Power quality problem is an occurrence manifested as a nonstandard voltage, current or frequency that
results in a failure or a mis-operation of end user equipment’s. Utility distribution networks, sensitive
industrial loads and critical commercial operations suffer from various types of outages and service
interruptions which can cost significant financial losses. With the restructuring of power systems and with
shifting trend towards distributed and dispersed generation, the issue of power quality is going to take
newer dimensions. Injection of the wind power into an electric grid affects the power quality. The
performance of the wind turbine and thereby power quality are determined on the basis of measurements
and the norms followed according to the guideline specified in International Electro-technical Commission
standard, IEC-61400. The influence of the wind turbine in the grid system concerning the power quality
measurements are-the active power, reactive power, variation of voltage, flicker, harmonics, and electrical
behavior of switching operation and these are measured according to national/international guidelines.
Static Compensator (STATCOM) is connected at a point of common coupling with a battery energy storage
system (BESS) to mitigate the power quality issues. The battery energy storage is integrated to sustain the
real power source under fluctuating wind power. Here two control schemes for STATCOM are Fuzzy logic
controller and hybrid Fuzzy logic controller. We can better response for hybrid fuzzy compare to fuzzy logic
controller. The STATCOM control scheme for the grid connected wind energy generation system for power
quality improvement is simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK in power system block set. Finally the proposed
scheme is applied for both balanced and unbalanced linear nonlinear loads.
Application of Unified Power Flow Controller in Nigeria Power System for Impr...ijtsrd
With the increased rate of urbanization and industrialization, the Nigerian electric power system is being put under pressure, high power losses which has led to fluctuation in voltage level. In this work the Nigeria 330Kv network of 42 bus system was considered. Data for the analysis were obtained from Transmission Company of Nigeria National Control Centre, Osogbo TCN and MATLAB PSAT software with newton Raphson's solution method embedded in it was used to carry out the analysis. The results of the analysis showed that many of the bus voltages were outside the voltage limits of ±5 i.e 0.95pu 1.05pu . After compensation with Flexible AC Transmission System devices FACTs namely Unified Power Flow Controller UPFC which can be used to control power flow on a transmission line, the voltage profile almost flat with bus voltages within acceptable voltage limits. It is also evident that the UPFC is device that can used to combat the voltage problem in the Nigerian electric power system. Adikaibe James | Prof. Engr. F. O. Enemuoh | Aghara Jachimma "Application of Unified Power Flow Controller in Nigeria Power System for Improvement of Voltage Profile" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27838.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/27838/application-of-unified-power-flow-controller-in-nigeria-power-system-for-improvement-of-voltage-profile/adikaibe-james
This paper presents an analysis of virtual-flux direct power control (VFDPC) technique for the three-phase pulse width modulation (PWM) ac-dc converter. The proposed VFDPC is developed by assuming the grid voltage and converter line filters quantities are related to a virtual three-phase ac motor. The controller works with less number of sensors by eliminating the voltage sensors used for measuring the three-phase grid voltage. The grid virtual flux which is proportional to the grid voltage will be estimated from the information of converter switching states, line current, and dc-link output voltage. Several analyses are performed in order to study the steady state and dynamic performance of the converter, particularly during the load and DC voltage output reference variations. The proportional integral (PI) controller at the outer voltage control loop of VFDPC is tuned properly and the entire PWM ac-dc converter system is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink to ensure the dc output voltage follow the desired output voltage under steady state and dynamic conditions. Ac-dc converter utilizing the proposed VFDPC is able to generate three-phase input current waveforms that are almost sinusoidal with low harmonics contents which is less than 5% and near unity power factor (pf) operation.
A Power quality problem is an occurrence of nonstandard voltage, current or frequency that results in a
failure or a misoperation of end user equipments. Utility distribution networks, sensitive industrial loads and
critical commercial operations suffer from various types of outages and service interruptions which can cost
significant financial losses. With the increase in load demand, the Renewable Energy Sources (RES) are
increasingly connected in the distribution systems which utilizes power electronic Converters/Inverters. This
paper presents a single-stage, three-phase grid connected solar photovoltaic (SPV) system. The proposed system
is dual purpose, as it not only feeds extracted solar energy into the grid but it also helps in improving power
quality in the distribution system. The presented system serves the purpose of maximum power point tracking
(MPPT), feeding SPV energy to the grid, harmonics mitigation of loads connected at point of common coupling
(PCC) and balancing the grid currents. The SPV system uses a three-phase voltage source converter (VSC) for
performing all these functions. An improved linear sinusoidal tracer (ILST)-based control algorithm is proposed
for control of VSC. In the proposed system, a variable dc link voltage is used for MPPT. An instantaneous
compensation technique is used incorporating changes in PV power for fast dynamic response. The SPV system
is first simulated in MATLAB along with Simulink and simpower system toolboxes.
Modeling Optimization Voltage Index Unified Power Flow Controller Equivalent ...IJMTST Journal
This paper presents an active-reactive power control strategy for voltage source converters (VSCs) based on derivation of the direct and quadrature components of the VSC output current. The proposed method utilizes a multivariable proportional-integral controller and provides almost completely decoupled control capability of the active and reactive power with almost full disturbance rejection due to step changes in the power exchanged between the VSC and the grid. It also imposes fast transient response and zero steady-state error as compared to the conventional power control approaches. The applicability of the proposed power control strategy for providing the robust stability of the system against the uncertainties of the load parameters is also investigated. The superiority of the proposed control strategy over conventional approaches in the new condition of supplying the load is demonstrated. The theoretical aspects of the proposed multivariable-based power control strategy and the conventional approaches are reviewed and simulation results are presented in two separate sections. MATLAB/Simulink 2009a is used to simulate different scenarios of the simulation.
LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL IN TWO AREA NETWORK INCLUDING DGIAEME Publication
Automatic Generation Control (AGC) is associate integral a part of Energy Management
System. This paper deals with the automatic generation control of interconnected multi area grid
network. The first purpose of the AGC is to balance the full system generation against system load
and losses so the specified frequency and power interchange with neighboring systems are
maintained. Any pair between generation and demand causes the system frequency to deviate from
regular worth. So high frequency deviation could result in system collapse. This necessitates
associate correct and quick acting controller to take care of constant nominal frequency. The
limitations of the conventional controls are slow and lack of efficiency in handling system nonlinearity.
This leads to develop a control technique for AGC. In this paper both conventional and
PI viz. Proportional Integral controller approach of automatic generation control has been
examined. PI based AGC has been used for all optimization purposes. System performance has
been evaluated at various disturbances such as, load disturbances, grid disturbances and both load
and grid disturbances. Various responses due to conventional and proposed PI based AGC
controllers have been compared at load disturbances, grid disturbances and both load and grid
disturbances.
Voltage Regulation with Hybrid RES based Distributed Generation in the for Ac...IJMTST Journal
In this paper adaptive zone-based Volt/VAR management is proposed, which coordinates active
participation of DGs with conventional voltage regulation equipment. To achieve a flexible and scalable
solution while minimizing complexity and requirements for data-handling capability, DG management
systems are integrated with decentralized parts of the Volt/VAR management system in smaller
geographical zones. Coordination of DGs with conventional voltage regulation equipment is based on
predefined control hierarchies. However, to reduce requirements for data handling capability, the distribution
grid is divided into zones with individual voltage regulation and reactive support schemes. To add flexibility
and scalability, these zones can be combined into larger zones with a common Volt/VAR management
scheme. This is referred to as adaptive zoning. The results indicate that the control schemes successfully
restore voltage to within limits after disturbance of grid conditions. Adaptive zoning effectively reduces
system complexity and requirements for data handling capability, while still ensuring a grid-wide solution.
The proposed concept is implemented to hybrid RES method the simulation results are presented by using
Matlab/Simulink platform.
Mitigation of Voltage Imbalance in A Two Feeder Distribution System Using IupqcIJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Proliferation of electronic equipment in commercial and industrial processes has resulted in increasingly sensitive electrical loads to be fed from power distribution system which introduce contamination to voltage and current waveforms at the point of common coupling of industrial loads. The unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) is connected between two different feeders (lines), hence this method of connection of the UPQC is called as Interline UPQC (IUPQC).This paper proposes a new connection for a UPQC to improve the power quality of two feeders in a distribution system. Interline Unified Power Quality Conditioner (IUPQC), specifically aims at the integration of series VSC and Shunt VSC to provide high quality power supply by means of voltage sag/swell compensation, harmonic elimination in a power distribution network, so that improved power quality can be made available at the point of common coupling. The structure, control and capability of the IUPQC are discussed in this paper. The efficiency of the proposed configuration has been verified through simulation using MATLAB/ SIMULINK.
Power Quality Improvement of Grid Interconnection of renewable Energy Based D...IJERA Editor
This paper presents a grid interfacing inverter which compensates power quality problems and also interface Renewable Energy Sources with the help of electric grid. Renewable Energy Sources are being increasingly connected in distribution system utilizing power electronic converters. Grid interfacing inverter can be used: 1) To improve the transfer of active power harvested from RES; 2) To meet load reactive power demand support ; 3) To reduce current harmonics by incorporating the current harmonic compensator at point of common coupling(PCC) ; 4) current unbalance and neutral current compensation in case of 3-phase 4-wire system. The fuzzy logic can be used in many applications especially, when the process/models are complex to analyse by using classical methods. Mainly fuzzy logic controller is used to control DC capacitor voltage. Simulations are carried out using MATLAB/SIMULINK to verify the performance of the controller. The output shows the controller has fast dynamic response high accuracy of tracking DC voltage reference and robust to load parameters variations.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development is an international premier peer reviewed open access engineering and technology journal promoting the discovery, innovation, advancement and dissemination of basic and transitional knowledge in engineering, technology and related disciplines.
1.compensation of reactive power using d statcom in grid interfaced pv systemEditorJST
This paper displays the upgrade of voltage droops, Harmonic mutilation and low power figure utilizing Distribution Static Compensator (D-STATCOM) with LCL Passive Filter in Distribution Framework. At whatever point there is an entrance of photovoltaic cell energy to the low voltage appropriated matrix, there happen the issue of confuse in voltage and recurrence in the system, maybe brought on by non-direct loads, creating music. The model depends on the Voltage Source Converter (VSC) guideline. The D-STATCOM infuses a current into the framework to alleviate the voltage lists. LCL Passive Filter Was then added to D-STATCOM to enhance symphonies bending and low power figure. The reproductions were performed utilizing MATLAB SIMULINK.
Power Quality Improvement in Power System using UPFCijtsrd
Occurrence of a fault in a power system causes transients. To stabilize the system, Power System Stabilizer (PSS) and Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) are used. Load flow analysis is done to analyze the transients introduced in the system due to the occurrence of faults. The Flexible Alternating Current Transmission (FACTS) devices such as UPFC are becoming important in suppressing power system oscillations and improving system damping. The UPFC is a solid-state device, which can be used to control the active and reactive power. This paper considers a power system as a case study for investigating the performance of UPFC is achieving stability. By using a UPFC the oscillation introduced by the faults, the voltage deviations and speed deviations can be damped out quickly than a system without a UPFC. The effectiveness of UPFC in suppressing power system oscillation is investigated by analyzing their voltage deviations and reactive power support in this paper. A proportional integral (PI) controller has been employed for the UPFC. It is also shown that a UPFC can control independently the real and reactive power flow in a transmission line. Navneet Kaur | Gagan Deep Yadav"Power Quality Improvement in Power System using UPFC" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-1 , December 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd7139.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/7139/power-quality-improvement-in-power-system-using-upfc/navneet-kaur
Design and Simulation of a Three Phase Power Converter Connected To a Distrib...IJERA Editor
The distributed generation systems based on renewable energy sources (photovoltaic, fuel cells, and storage systems such as ultra capacitors and batteries) are of great interest due to their low environmental impact and technical advantages such as improvements in voltage levels and reduced power losses when a distributed generation system is installed in radial lines. Two control algorithms were proposed to improve the grid-connected and intentional-islanding operations methods, in which the distributed generation system must detect the situation and switch from power or current to voltage as a control variable to provide constant rms voltage to the local loads. The power flow between the grid and the distributed generation is controlled by applying a power/voltage method that regulates the amplitude and the displacement of the grid voltage synthesized by the distributed generation, while a phase-locked loop algorithm is used to synchronize the grid and distributed generation.
A Power Control Scheme for UPQC for Power Quality Improvementpaperpublications3
Abstract: The proliferation of power electronics based equipmenthas produced a significant impact on the quality of electric power supply. Conventional power quality mitigation equipment is proving to be inadequate for an increasing number of applications, and this fact has attracted the attention of power engineers to develop dynamic and adjustable solutions to power quality problems. This has led to development of Custom Power Devices (CPD).One modern and very promising CPD that deals with both load current and supply voltage imperfections is the Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC).
This paper investigated the development of UPQC control schemes and algorithms for power quality improvement and implementation of a versatile control strategy to enhance the performance of UPQC. The proposed control scheme gives better steady-state and dynamic response. The validity of the proposed control method is verified by means of MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Power Quality Enhancement in Wind Connected Grid System Interface Based On St...IJERA Editor
Wind energy has become one of the significant alternative renewable energy resources because of its abundance
and the strong drive for its commercialization. Dynamic electric load variations and wind velocity excursions
cause excessive changes in the prime mover kinetic energy and the corresponding electrical power injected into
the AC grid utility system. In this paper, a scheme based on the low cost static switched filter compensator
(SSFC) is presented for voltage sag/swell compensation, power factor improvement in distribution grid
networks with the dispersed wind energy interface. The SSFC scheme is based on an intermittent switching
process between two shunt capacitor banks to be one of them in parallel with the capacitor of a tuned arm filter.
Two regulators based on a tri- loop dynamic error driven inter-coupled weighted modified proportional-integralderivative
(PID) controller which is used to modulate the PWM.
The Static Switched Filter Compensation (SSFC) compensation scheme which enhances the system
power quality has been fully validated using MATLAB–Simulink. The effectiveness of this compensation
scheme approach is demonstrated using a study case of 3 bus system. Simulation results show that there is
improvement in harmonics reduction, voltage sag/swell compensation, power factor improvement at generator
bus, load bus, and infinite bus respectively
Describes a future in which the transmission grid can be controlled to optimize the use of cost-effective, clean generation resources while providing high-quality, reliable power. Summarizes the research that the Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E) is undertaking into hardware and software technologies that could significantly change the ability to control the flow of electricity in the power grid.
This analysis is intended to describe potential benefits of a flexible transmission system achieved through power flow control technologies. Specifically, it categorizes the benefits of power flow control technologies and defines the impact of technologies used for power flow control. It also makes recommendations for further studies and analyses on power flow control.
Written by ARPA-E interns Lotte Schlegel and Chris Babcock under the guidance of Josh Gould.
Improvement of Power Quality by using Injection Super Capacitor UPQC for BLDC...IJMTST Journal
This paper presents the operation of unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) as a universal active power
conditioning device to mitigate both current as well as voltage distortions at a distribution end of power
system network. The UPQC is designed by combining a series active power filter and shunt active power filter
which shares a common DC link capacitor and series active filter mitigate the voltage related harmonics in
power supply side and shunt active filters are mitigate the current related harmonics of non linear loads.
UPQC mitigate the harmonics and other harmonic sensitive loads. Among from them unified power quality
conditioner was widely studied by different controllers and we applied to BLDC motor for updating of load
characteristics that improve the power quality in distribution side.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
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This paper focus on distribution system by applying different control techniques in order to improve the performance of the system. In the distribution system mainly concentrate on power quality issues like reactive power control, harmonic elimination, power factor correction, etc. Because of power quality problems voltage, current, frequency are continuously changing in power systems. These changes will effects the performance of power systems. Power quality problems can be compensated by placing DSTATCOM which is connected at PCC in parallel. It is shunt connected VSI along with the filters, with the help of DSTATCOM voltage sag, swell and THD can be controlled. This paper presents detailed explanation about performance and configuration of latest control techniques to control the DSTATCOM.
Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) is substantial power conditioner in power system to filter the power system parameters with an objective to improve the quality of power delivered to the customers/utility point. This paper presents a multi-level UPQC to enhance the quality in power distribution system. The series and shunt controllers of UPQC gives out five leveled output which is further filtered to feed compensating signals to improve voltage and current profiles in power distribution system. Series and shunt controllers of UPQC are structured with cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) topology to deliver compensating signals. Two separate control strategies are employed to regulate the power switches of 5-level CHB series and shunt controllers of UPQC. Sag and swell in source voltage and harmonics in source current are strained with UPQC. The proposed system is developed and results are obtained using MATLAB/SIMULINK software.
A New approach for controlling the power flow in a transmission system using ...IJMER
Electrical power systems is a large interconnected network that requires a careful design to maintain the system with continuous power flow operation without any limitation. Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) is an application of a power electronics device to control the power flow and to improve the system stability of a power system. Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is a new concept for the compensation and effective power flow control in a transmission system.Through common DC link, any inverters within the UPFC is able to transfer real power to any other and there by facilitate real power transfer among the line. In this paper a test system is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK and the results of the network with and without UPFC are compared and when the voltage sag is compensated, reactive power is controlled and transmission line efficiency is improved.
Modeling Optimization Voltage Index Unified Power Flow Controller Equivalent ...IJMTST Journal
This paper presents an active-reactive power control strategy for voltage source converters (VSCs) based on derivation of the direct and quadrature components of the VSC output current. The proposed method utilizes a multivariable proportional-integral controller and provides almost completely decoupled control capability of the active and reactive power with almost full disturbance rejection due to step changes in the power exchanged between the VSC and the grid. It also imposes fast transient response and zero steady-state error as compared to the conventional power control approaches. The applicability of the proposed power control strategy for providing the robust stability of the system against the uncertainties of the load parameters is also investigated. The superiority of the proposed control strategy over conventional approaches in the new condition of supplying the load is demonstrated. The theoretical aspects of the proposed multivariable-based power control strategy and the conventional approaches are reviewed and simulation results are presented in two separate sections. MATLAB/Simulink 2009a is used to simulate different scenarios of the simulation.
LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL IN TWO AREA NETWORK INCLUDING DGIAEME Publication
Automatic Generation Control (AGC) is associate integral a part of Energy Management
System. This paper deals with the automatic generation control of interconnected multi area grid
network. The first purpose of the AGC is to balance the full system generation against system load
and losses so the specified frequency and power interchange with neighboring systems are
maintained. Any pair between generation and demand causes the system frequency to deviate from
regular worth. So high frequency deviation could result in system collapse. This necessitates
associate correct and quick acting controller to take care of constant nominal frequency. The
limitations of the conventional controls are slow and lack of efficiency in handling system nonlinearity.
This leads to develop a control technique for AGC. In this paper both conventional and
PI viz. Proportional Integral controller approach of automatic generation control has been
examined. PI based AGC has been used for all optimization purposes. System performance has
been evaluated at various disturbances such as, load disturbances, grid disturbances and both load
and grid disturbances. Various responses due to conventional and proposed PI based AGC
controllers have been compared at load disturbances, grid disturbances and both load and grid
disturbances.
Voltage Regulation with Hybrid RES based Distributed Generation in the for Ac...IJMTST Journal
In this paper adaptive zone-based Volt/VAR management is proposed, which coordinates active
participation of DGs with conventional voltage regulation equipment. To achieve a flexible and scalable
solution while minimizing complexity and requirements for data-handling capability, DG management
systems are integrated with decentralized parts of the Volt/VAR management system in smaller
geographical zones. Coordination of DGs with conventional voltage regulation equipment is based on
predefined control hierarchies. However, to reduce requirements for data handling capability, the distribution
grid is divided into zones with individual voltage regulation and reactive support schemes. To add flexibility
and scalability, these zones can be combined into larger zones with a common Volt/VAR management
scheme. This is referred to as adaptive zoning. The results indicate that the control schemes successfully
restore voltage to within limits after disturbance of grid conditions. Adaptive zoning effectively reduces
system complexity and requirements for data handling capability, while still ensuring a grid-wide solution.
The proposed concept is implemented to hybrid RES method the simulation results are presented by using
Matlab/Simulink platform.
Mitigation of Voltage Imbalance in A Two Feeder Distribution System Using IupqcIJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Proliferation of electronic equipment in commercial and industrial processes has resulted in increasingly sensitive electrical loads to be fed from power distribution system which introduce contamination to voltage and current waveforms at the point of common coupling of industrial loads. The unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) is connected between two different feeders (lines), hence this method of connection of the UPQC is called as Interline UPQC (IUPQC).This paper proposes a new connection for a UPQC to improve the power quality of two feeders in a distribution system. Interline Unified Power Quality Conditioner (IUPQC), specifically aims at the integration of series VSC and Shunt VSC to provide high quality power supply by means of voltage sag/swell compensation, harmonic elimination in a power distribution network, so that improved power quality can be made available at the point of common coupling. The structure, control and capability of the IUPQC are discussed in this paper. The efficiency of the proposed configuration has been verified through simulation using MATLAB/ SIMULINK.
Power Quality Improvement of Grid Interconnection of renewable Energy Based D...IJERA Editor
This paper presents a grid interfacing inverter which compensates power quality problems and also interface Renewable Energy Sources with the help of electric grid. Renewable Energy Sources are being increasingly connected in distribution system utilizing power electronic converters. Grid interfacing inverter can be used: 1) To improve the transfer of active power harvested from RES; 2) To meet load reactive power demand support ; 3) To reduce current harmonics by incorporating the current harmonic compensator at point of common coupling(PCC) ; 4) current unbalance and neutral current compensation in case of 3-phase 4-wire system. The fuzzy logic can be used in many applications especially, when the process/models are complex to analyse by using classical methods. Mainly fuzzy logic controller is used to control DC capacitor voltage. Simulations are carried out using MATLAB/SIMULINK to verify the performance of the controller. The output shows the controller has fast dynamic response high accuracy of tracking DC voltage reference and robust to load parameters variations.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development is an international premier peer reviewed open access engineering and technology journal promoting the discovery, innovation, advancement and dissemination of basic and transitional knowledge in engineering, technology and related disciplines.
1.compensation of reactive power using d statcom in grid interfaced pv systemEditorJST
This paper displays the upgrade of voltage droops, Harmonic mutilation and low power figure utilizing Distribution Static Compensator (D-STATCOM) with LCL Passive Filter in Distribution Framework. At whatever point there is an entrance of photovoltaic cell energy to the low voltage appropriated matrix, there happen the issue of confuse in voltage and recurrence in the system, maybe brought on by non-direct loads, creating music. The model depends on the Voltage Source Converter (VSC) guideline. The D-STATCOM infuses a current into the framework to alleviate the voltage lists. LCL Passive Filter Was then added to D-STATCOM to enhance symphonies bending and low power figure. The reproductions were performed utilizing MATLAB SIMULINK.
Power Quality Improvement in Power System using UPFCijtsrd
Occurrence of a fault in a power system causes transients. To stabilize the system, Power System Stabilizer (PSS) and Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) are used. Load flow analysis is done to analyze the transients introduced in the system due to the occurrence of faults. The Flexible Alternating Current Transmission (FACTS) devices such as UPFC are becoming important in suppressing power system oscillations and improving system damping. The UPFC is a solid-state device, which can be used to control the active and reactive power. This paper considers a power system as a case study for investigating the performance of UPFC is achieving stability. By using a UPFC the oscillation introduced by the faults, the voltage deviations and speed deviations can be damped out quickly than a system without a UPFC. The effectiveness of UPFC in suppressing power system oscillation is investigated by analyzing their voltage deviations and reactive power support in this paper. A proportional integral (PI) controller has been employed for the UPFC. It is also shown that a UPFC can control independently the real and reactive power flow in a transmission line. Navneet Kaur | Gagan Deep Yadav"Power Quality Improvement in Power System using UPFC" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-1 , December 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd7139.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/7139/power-quality-improvement-in-power-system-using-upfc/navneet-kaur
Design and Simulation of a Three Phase Power Converter Connected To a Distrib...IJERA Editor
The distributed generation systems based on renewable energy sources (photovoltaic, fuel cells, and storage systems such as ultra capacitors and batteries) are of great interest due to their low environmental impact and technical advantages such as improvements in voltage levels and reduced power losses when a distributed generation system is installed in radial lines. Two control algorithms were proposed to improve the grid-connected and intentional-islanding operations methods, in which the distributed generation system must detect the situation and switch from power or current to voltage as a control variable to provide constant rms voltage to the local loads. The power flow between the grid and the distributed generation is controlled by applying a power/voltage method that regulates the amplitude and the displacement of the grid voltage synthesized by the distributed generation, while a phase-locked loop algorithm is used to synchronize the grid and distributed generation.
A Power Control Scheme for UPQC for Power Quality Improvementpaperpublications3
Abstract: The proliferation of power electronics based equipmenthas produced a significant impact on the quality of electric power supply. Conventional power quality mitigation equipment is proving to be inadequate for an increasing number of applications, and this fact has attracted the attention of power engineers to develop dynamic and adjustable solutions to power quality problems. This has led to development of Custom Power Devices (CPD).One modern and very promising CPD that deals with both load current and supply voltage imperfections is the Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC).
This paper investigated the development of UPQC control schemes and algorithms for power quality improvement and implementation of a versatile control strategy to enhance the performance of UPQC. The proposed control scheme gives better steady-state and dynamic response. The validity of the proposed control method is verified by means of MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Power Quality Enhancement in Wind Connected Grid System Interface Based On St...IJERA Editor
Wind energy has become one of the significant alternative renewable energy resources because of its abundance
and the strong drive for its commercialization. Dynamic electric load variations and wind velocity excursions
cause excessive changes in the prime mover kinetic energy and the corresponding electrical power injected into
the AC grid utility system. In this paper, a scheme based on the low cost static switched filter compensator
(SSFC) is presented for voltage sag/swell compensation, power factor improvement in distribution grid
networks with the dispersed wind energy interface. The SSFC scheme is based on an intermittent switching
process between two shunt capacitor banks to be one of them in parallel with the capacitor of a tuned arm filter.
Two regulators based on a tri- loop dynamic error driven inter-coupled weighted modified proportional-integralderivative
(PID) controller which is used to modulate the PWM.
The Static Switched Filter Compensation (SSFC) compensation scheme which enhances the system
power quality has been fully validated using MATLAB–Simulink. The effectiveness of this compensation
scheme approach is demonstrated using a study case of 3 bus system. Simulation results show that there is
improvement in harmonics reduction, voltage sag/swell compensation, power factor improvement at generator
bus, load bus, and infinite bus respectively
Describes a future in which the transmission grid can be controlled to optimize the use of cost-effective, clean generation resources while providing high-quality, reliable power. Summarizes the research that the Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E) is undertaking into hardware and software technologies that could significantly change the ability to control the flow of electricity in the power grid.
This analysis is intended to describe potential benefits of a flexible transmission system achieved through power flow control technologies. Specifically, it categorizes the benefits of power flow control technologies and defines the impact of technologies used for power flow control. It also makes recommendations for further studies and analyses on power flow control.
Written by ARPA-E interns Lotte Schlegel and Chris Babcock under the guidance of Josh Gould.
Improvement of Power Quality by using Injection Super Capacitor UPQC for BLDC...IJMTST Journal
This paper presents the operation of unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) as a universal active power
conditioning device to mitigate both current as well as voltage distortions at a distribution end of power
system network. The UPQC is designed by combining a series active power filter and shunt active power filter
which shares a common DC link capacitor and series active filter mitigate the voltage related harmonics in
power supply side and shunt active filters are mitigate the current related harmonics of non linear loads.
UPQC mitigate the harmonics and other harmonic sensitive loads. Among from them unified power quality
conditioner was widely studied by different controllers and we applied to BLDC motor for updating of load
characteristics that improve the power quality in distribution side.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
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This paper focus on distribution system by applying different control techniques in order to improve the performance of the system. In the distribution system mainly concentrate on power quality issues like reactive power control, harmonic elimination, power factor correction, etc. Because of power quality problems voltage, current, frequency are continuously changing in power systems. These changes will effects the performance of power systems. Power quality problems can be compensated by placing DSTATCOM which is connected at PCC in parallel. It is shunt connected VSI along with the filters, with the help of DSTATCOM voltage sag, swell and THD can be controlled. This paper presents detailed explanation about performance and configuration of latest control techniques to control the DSTATCOM.
Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) is substantial power conditioner in power system to filter the power system parameters with an objective to improve the quality of power delivered to the customers/utility point. This paper presents a multi-level UPQC to enhance the quality in power distribution system. The series and shunt controllers of UPQC gives out five leveled output which is further filtered to feed compensating signals to improve voltage and current profiles in power distribution system. Series and shunt controllers of UPQC are structured with cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) topology to deliver compensating signals. Two separate control strategies are employed to regulate the power switches of 5-level CHB series and shunt controllers of UPQC. Sag and swell in source voltage and harmonics in source current are strained with UPQC. The proposed system is developed and results are obtained using MATLAB/SIMULINK software.
A New approach for controlling the power flow in a transmission system using ...IJMER
Electrical power systems is a large interconnected network that requires a careful design to maintain the system with continuous power flow operation without any limitation. Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) is an application of a power electronics device to control the power flow and to improve the system stability of a power system. Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is a new concept for the compensation and effective power flow control in a transmission system.Through common DC link, any inverters within the UPFC is able to transfer real power to any other and there by facilitate real power transfer among the line. In this paper a test system is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK and the results of the network with and without UPFC are compared and when the voltage sag is compensated, reactive power is controlled and transmission line efficiency is improved.
APPLICATION OF STATCOM to IMPROVED DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE OF POWER SYSTEMijsrd.com
Application of FACTS controller called Static Synchronous Compensator STATCOM to improve the performance of power grid with Wind Farms is investigated .The essential feature of the STATCOM is that it has the ability to absorb or inject fastly the reactive power with power grid . Therefore the voltage regulation of the power grid with STATCOM FACTS device is achieved. Moreover restoring the stability of the power system having wind farm after occurring severe disturbance such as faults or wind farm mechanical power variation is obtained with STATCOM controller . The dynamic model of the power system having wind farm controlled by proposed STATCOM is developed . To validate the powerful of the STATCOM FACTS controller, the studied power system is simulated and subjected to different severe disturbances. The results prove the effectiveness of the proposed STATCOM controller in terms of fast damping the power system oscillations and restoring the power system stability.
Mitigation of Voltage Sag for Power Quality Improvement Using DPFC SystemIJMTST Journal
A new control scheme to improve and maintain the power quality of an electrical power system by design of distributed power flow controller. Generally, In case of modern power utilities have problems like challenges in growth of electricity in case of non-linear loads in grid connected systems. In this paper, we introduced a new FACTS method i.e. distributed power flow controller which is similar to other series-shunt controller types. This DPFC method is also used like UPFC to mitigate voltage sag and swell as a power quality issue. In DPFC, we eliminate the common dc link capacitor and instead of single three phase series converter it has three individual single phase converters. In this paper the control circuit is designed by using series referral voltages, branch currents. The evaluated values are obtained by using MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Stability Improvement in Grid Connected Multi Area System using ANFIS Based S...IJMTST Journal
Generally, the non-conventional energy sources are being extensively used in case of power electronic
converter based distribution systems. This paper mainly focuses on the wind energy system integrating with
grid connected system and also improvement of power quality features. The wind energy power plant is
modelled based on associated equations. For improving this power quality problems, this paper proposes the
concepts of shunt converter controllers. This paper also proposes the concepts of ANFIS based Static
Compensator. And also the results are compared for this cases. Thus with such a control, a balanced load
currents are obtained even in the presence of non-linear load. The experimental setup is done in Matlab and
verified the simulation results
POWER STABILITY ANALYSIS OF A TRANSMISSION SYSTEM WITH A UNIFIED POWER FLOW C...IJITE
The unified power quality conditioner is the equipment used for regulated voltage distortion and voltage
unbalance in a power system. UPFC can enhance the power to flow through the transmission system by
controlling the power flow and voltage stability of the transmission line within their limits. This paper
presents a control scheme and Theoretical derivation of the unified power flow conditioner and the
simulation results are compared and contrasted in detail. UPFC is a combination of shunt Active and
series active power filters. UPFC contains a DC link capacitor in a single-phase voltage source inverter
with two back to back connected, three-phase three-wire and three-phase four-wire are arranged. The
fundamental target of this work is to determine the causes and impacts of power quality problems,
specifically voltage sag, voltage swell, power factor, and Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) and enhance
the power quality of a transmission system by UPFC based Transformative Intrinsic Algorithm (TIA). The
Simulation of the proposed method is developed by Mat lab Simulink software, and the simulation result
shows, the proposed method gives better solutions to control the power imbalance in the distribution
system with its cost-effectiveness.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
4.power quality improvement in dg system using shunt active filterEditorJST
Injection of power generated by the wind turbine system into an electric grid mainly effects the power quality. The performance of this wind turbine and its power quality is determined on the basis of its measurement of power ratings as per IEEE standards. The influence of the wind turbine in the grid system concerning the power quality measurements are the active power, reactive power, variation of voltage, flicker, harmonics, and electrical behavior of switching operation. To mitigate the power quality problems this paper proposes the shunt compensator techniques. Here, the proposed system is verified experimentally using both STATCOM and TSC compensators. This control schemes for grid connected wind energy system is simulated using Matlab/Simulink.
Advance Technology in Application of Four Leg Inverters to UPQCIJPEDS-IAES
This article presents a novel application of four leg inverter with
conventional Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) Scheme to
Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC). The Power Quality problem
became burning issues since the starting of high voltage AC transmission
system. Hence, in this article it has been discussed to mitigate the PQ issues
in high voltage AC systems through a three phase Unified Power Quality
Conditioner (UPQC) under various conditions, such as harmonic mitigation
scheme, non linear loads, sag and swell conditions as well. Also, it proposes
to control harmoincs with various artificial intelligent techniques. Thus
application of these control technique such as Neural Networks (ANN)
Fuzzy Logic makes the system performance in par with the standards
and also compared with existing system. The simulation results based on
MATLAB/Simulink are discussed in detail to support the concept developed
in the paper.
Enhancement of Power Quality by an Application FACTS DevicesIAES-IJPEDS
The paper narrates widespread use of electrical energy by modern civilization has necessitated producing bulk electrical energy economically and efficiently. The Flexible AC Transmission system (FACTS) is a new technology based on power electronics, which offers an opportunity to enhance controllability, stability, and power transfer capability of AC transmission systems. Here SVC has been developed with the combination of TCSC and TCR. The paper contains simulation models of Thyristor controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) and Thyristor controlled Reactor (TCR)- based Static VAR Compensator (SVC) which are the series and shunt Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices. The fact devices are designed by considering the line losses and their stability. The design and simulations of TCSC and TCR-based SVC shows the effectiveness of result using the MATLAB/Simulink. The designed system will try to reduce the voltage drops and electrical losses in the network without the possibility of transient especially in case of long transmission system. Student feedback indicates that this package is user-friendly and considerably effective for students and researchers to study theory of controlled reactor compensators, series capacitor compensator, and the reactive power control and voltage regulation
REDUCING SOURCE CURRENT HARMONICS DUE TO BALANCED AND UN-BALANCED VOLTAGE VAR...IJCI JOURNAL
Electricity demand has been increasing due to the increase of population and industries. Hence it is very
important to feed the demand with quality of generation. Improvement of power quality is the greater
concern in advanced power system element, it is essential to congregate the need of energy by employ the
renewable energy generating sources like pv, fuel cell, biomass, wind, etc and utilizing many more
applications like grid interconnected systems, power quality improvement. The situations like harmonic,
reactive power exchanging, power factor correction, balanced and un-balanced voltage variations & so on,
due to greater effect on highly susceptible loads are to be encouraged in power distribution system. To
enhance these circumstances, custom power appliances are used to achieve high grid voltage stability. In
this paper, a voltage distortions controlled D-STATCOM based on fuzzy controller is a meticulous power
appliance for enhancing harmonic distortions from high power semiconductor switching device,
exchanging the both active & reactive power, defend the gird stability by implementing DG technology, to
regulate the power quality issues in power distribution network. This paper implements the comparative
analysis of PI and Fuzzy controlled DSTATCOM with energy backup scheme, controlled by pwm control
technique and founded that fuzzy based IPQ theory for generation of reference current signals improves the
power quality than PI based IPQ theory and this analysis is dynamically evaluated with Matlab/Simulink.
Performance Improvement of a Grid Connected Wind Farm SystemIOSRJEEE
Renewable energy sources are becoming more promising means of green energy production. But the increasingly penetration level of wind energy into existing power system presents many technical challenges. Power quality is a measure of the system performance. It requires consideration of problems like voltage regulation, stability, harmonics etc. This paper presents an overview of grid connected system and analysis of its stability. The system is assumed with fixed speed Induction generator integrated to a weak grid. Change and improvement in performance is observed with various FACT devices. The simulation model has been developed in MATLAB/SIMULINK R2016a.
STATCOM Based Wind Energy System by using Hybrid Fuzzy Logic ControllerIJMTST Journal
The influence of the hybrid system in the grid system concerning the power quality measurements are the active power, reactive power, voltage deviation, flicker, harmonics, and electrical behavior of switching operation and these are measured according to International Electro-Technical Commission (IEC). The STATCOM provides reactive power support to hybrid system and load. These voltage fluctuations can be eliminated with the help of advanced reactive power compensator device such as SVC and STATCOM. This work focus on design, modeling and analysis of FACTS device in wind farm interconnected with grid during fault. These devices can be controlled by Synchronous Reference Frame theory. The performance is analyzed with the help of PI controller and Fuzzy logic technique. by using Matlab/Simulink Model.
Flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTs) technology opens up new opportunities for
controlling power flow and enhancing the usable capacity of present, as well as new and upgraded lines. These
FACTs device which enables independent control of active and reactive power besides improving reliability and
quality of the supply. This paper describes the real and reactive power flow control through a short transmission
line and then compensated short transmission line with different FACTs devices are used to selection of FACTs
devices for better reactive power compensation with change in line capacitance/shunt capacitance to observe
power flow. Computer simulation by MATLAB/SIMULINK has been used to determining better reactive power.
TCSC, STATCOM, UPFC and SSSC FACTs controller with different capacitance are tested for controlling
reactive power flow.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
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Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
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Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
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Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
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Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.
Ijetr021134
1. International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR)
ISSN: 2321-0869, Volume-2, Issue-1, January 2014
69 www.erpublication.org
Abstract— In the research field of renewable energy
sources Wind energy conversion systems have become a focal
point. This is in no small part due to the rapid advances in the
size of wind generators as well as the development of power
electronics and their applicability in wind energy extraction.
The variation of wind power with the continuous variations of
wind speed can cause significant power quality issues. This
paper presents a low cost static switched filter compensator for
power quality enhancement, voltage stabilization and power
factor improvement of wind schemes interfaced with Smart
Grid- Distribution Networks. The proposed FACTS based
scheme can also be extended to distributed/dispersed
renewable energy interface and utilization systems and can
be easily modified for other specific stabilization and
compensation requirements.
Index Terms— Dynamic Controllers, FACTS, Power
Quality, Static Switched Filter Compensator, Wind Energy.
I. INTRODUCTION
The wind power industry is one of the fastest expanding
industries as a result of the rapid growth of installed capacity.
The wind power over the last 20-30 years has become a
competitive technology for clean energy production. The
increasing demand for high quality, reliable and secure
electrical power system with increasing the number of
distorting nonlinear loads have led to rise in power
quality problems. For power quality improvement, power
electronic devices such as Flexible AC Transmission
System (FACTS) and customizing power conditioning
devices have introduced a new and emerging technology
providing the power system with versatile new dynamic
control capabilities [1], [2].
Wind energy has matured to a level of development where
it is ready to become a generally accepted utility generation
technology. Wind-turbine technology has undergone a
dramatic transformation during the last 15 years, developing
from a fringe science in the 1970s to the wind turbine of the
2000s using the latest in power electronics, aerodynamics,
and mechanical drive train designs. In the last five years, the
world wind-turbine market has been growing at over 30% a
year, and wind power is playing an increasingly important
role in electricity generation, especially in countries such as
Germany and Spain. The legislation in both countries favors
Manuscript received January 13, 2014.
Bharathikannan S, Department Of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Valliammai Engineering College, Chennai, India, +91 8939009793.
Angalaeswari S, Department Of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Valliammai Engineering College, Chennai, India, +91 9841812993.
the continuing growth of installed capacity. Wind power is
quite different from the conventional electricity generation
with synchronous generators.
In general, FACTS devices are used in transmission
control whereas customizing power devices are used for
distribution control. Since the introduction of FACTS
and custom power concept [3], devices such as unified
power flow controller (UPFC), synchronous static
compensator (STATCOM), dynamic voltage restorer
(DVR), solid-state transfer switch, and solid-state fault
current limiter are developed for improving power
quality and reliability of a system [4], [5]. Advanced
control and improved semiconductor switching of these
devices have achieved a new era for power- quality
mitigation. The major drawback of these devices, however,
is that they are very expensive [7-9]. To assess the
improvement resulting from the application of FACTS
devices, a basic understanding of under lying
characteristics of power quality events is essential. A
power quality problem is defined as any variation in
voltage, current or frequency that may lead to an
equipment failure or malfunction [10-11].
In a modern electrical distribution system, there has
been a sudden increase of nonlinear loads, such as
power supplies, rectifier equipment used in
telecommunication networks, domestic appliances,
adjustable speed drives, etc. These power-electronic-based
loads offer highly nonlinear characteristics. Due to their
non-linearity, the loads are simultaneously the major causes
and the major victims of power quality problems [12].
This paper presents a FACTS based static switched filter
compensator (SSFC) scheme for effective voltage
stabilization, power quality enhancement, losses reduction
and power factor improvement in distribution grid networks
with the dispersed wind energyinterface. The FACTS SSFC
is based on controlled complementary switching process
between two capacitor banks to be connected with the
classical tuned. The switching process is achieved by novel
dynamic control strategies and the pulse width
modulation-complementary switching (PWM).Two error
dynamic regulation schemes are utilized with a tri-loop
dynamic error inter coupled control strategy and a VSC
controller. The SSFC-FACTS device scheme has been fully
validated for effective power quality mitigation, voltage
stabilization, losses reduction and power factor correction
using Matlab Simulink environment.
II. PROPOSEDTOPOLOGY
The low cost FACTS Static switched filter compensator
scheme, shown in Fig. 1, is a combination of two series
capacitor banks (CS1and CS2) and two shunt capacitor
Performance Analysis of SSFC for Power Quality
Improvement in Wind Smart Grid
Bharathikannan S, Angalaeswari S
2. PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF SSFC FOR POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT IN WIND SMART GRID
70 www.erpublication.org
banks (Cm1and Cm2) in parallel with the capacitor element
(CF) of a tuned arm filter (RF, LF and CF). The series
capacitor Cs is connected in series with the line conductors to
offset dynamically part of the feeder inductance. Such
reduction improves the power flow and reduces the feeder
reactive power loss. In this SSFC scheme, two three phase
shunt capacitor banks, Cf1 and Cf2 are connected in parallel
with the two series capacitor terminals. The shunt
capacitor banks provide reactive power compensation and
improve the distribution feeder regulation. The series
capacitor bank acts as a dynamic voltage booster and inrush
current limiting device. Energy discharge path for the
capacitor is formed by the six pulses diode rectifier with
the resistance (Rf) and inductance (Lf) branch that forms a
tuned arm filter at the rectifier’s DC side. The two IGBT
switches (S1and S2) are controlled by two complementary
switching pulses (P1 and P2) that are generated by the
dynamic tri loop error driven modified VSC controller, as
shown in Fig. 2. An intermittent switching process
between the two shunt capacitor banks is achieved by
novel dynamic strategic control. The variable topology of the
FACTS based SSFC can be changed by the complementary
PWM pulses as follow:
Case 1: If P1 is high and P2 is low, the resistor and
inductor will be fully shorted and the combined shunt and
series capacitors will provide the required shunt and
series capacitive compensation to the AC distribution system
Case 2: If P1 is low and then P2 is high, the resistor and
inductor will be connected into the circuit as a tuned arm
filter.
Fig. 1 The FACTS static switched filter compensator scheme
III. CONTROLLER DESIGN
Inter-coupled dynamic control based on two regulators A
and B are proposed to reduce the harmonics, improve the
power factor and stabilize the buses voltage using the
FACTS static switched filter compensator. The tri-loop
error driven dynamic controller is a dual action control
used to modulate the switched filter compensator. The
output total error signal is an input to the modified VSC
controller to regulate the modulating control signal to the
PWM switching block as shown in Figs. 2(a) & (b).
Fig. 2(a) The Modified VSC
Fig. 2(b) Matlab functional model of tri loop error driven dynamic
controller
Regulator A:
As the regulator scheme, shown in Fig. 3 the voltage and
current signals are used in a tri loop error block to provide a
stable voltage and current at all AC buses, also to improve
the power factor. This specific control is achieved by
modulating the admittance of the SSFC.
Regulator B:
This regulator, shown in Fig. 4 is used in a tri loop error
block to suppress any harmonic contents in voltage and
current signals, also consequentlyto mitigate the
harmonics.
Fig. 3 The tri-loop error driven regulator A
Fig. 4 The tri-loop error driven regulator B
3. International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR)
ISSN: 2321-0869, Volume-2, Issue-1, January 2014
71 www.erpublication.org
IV. DIGITALSIMULATION OFTHESTUDIEDAC
SYSTEM
A. The AC System Configuration
The studied AC system is 11 KV distribution network
with a renewable wind energy source and is connected to 138
kV AC grid through 11/138kV step up transformer. A
hybrid load comprises a linear load, a converter type
nonlinear load and an induction motor load is connected to
the distribution network through 11/4.16kV step down
transformer. Fig. 5 depicts a single line diagram of the
studied AC system. The detailed parameters of the system are
given in Appendix of [18].
B. Results of digital simulation
The Matlab/Simulink digital simulation results for
proposed FACTS-Static Switched Filter Compensation
scheme are validated as follow:
Case 1: Normal Loading Operation
The digital simulation is carried out with and without
the controlled SFC located at load bus for 1.0 seconds in order
to show its performance in voltage stabilization, harmonic
reduction and reactive power compensation at normal
operating condition. The dynamic responses of voltage,
current, power factor at generator bus (Bg), load bus (BL)
and infinite bus (Bi), without and with using the SSFC at
normal operating conditions are shown in Figs. 6- 7.
The frequency spectra of the voltage waveforms are
shown in Figs. 8- 10. It is obvious that the voltage harmonics
are significantly reduced to a level within the limit set by the
IEEE Std.519-1992 regarding the THD of bus voltage at low
voltage system (less than 69 kV) [12]. Also the THD of
current waveform at each bus is decreased as shown in [18].
Case 2: Sudden Change of the Wind Speed and the Load
Excursion
In this case study, the digital simulation is carried out with
and without the controlled SFC located at load bus for 1.0
second in order to show its performance under the following
disturbance sequence:
1) At t = 0.1 second, the linear load is removed for a
duration of 0.1 seconds;
2) At t = 0.3 second, the nonlinear load is removed for a
duration of 0.1 seconds;
3) At t = 0.5 second, wind speed suddenly decreased to 9 m/s
for a duration of 0.1 seconds;
4) At t = 0.7 second, wind speed suddenlyincreased to 21 m/s
for a duration of 0.1 seconds;
5) At t = 0.8 the system is recovered to its initial state.
The rms values of voltage waveforms at generator (Bg),
load (BL) and infinite buses (Bi) under load excursions are
depicted in Fig.11, shows, without using the FACTS SSFC
scheme, the disconnection of the linear and nonlinear loads
have an effect on the value of voltage at the generator and
load buses. It causes a voltage swell. While with using the
controlled FACTS SSFC scheme, there is no effect on the
voltage waveforms. This means that the controlled FACTS
SSFC scheme mitigates the swell event of PQ disturbances.
Fig. 5 Single Line Diagram of the sample study
distribution system with the novel FACTS switched
filter compensation schemes
Fig. 6 The rms voltage at the generator, load and infinite
buses without (dashed line) and with
SSFC (solid line)
Fig. 7 The power factor at the generator, load and infinite buses
without (dashed line) and with SSFC (solid line)
Fig. 8 The frequency spectrum of voltage waveform at the generator bus, Bs,
without and with the FACTS filter compensator
4. PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF SSFC FOR POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT IN WIND SMART GRID
72 www.erpublication.org
Fig. 9 The frequency spectrum of voltage waveform at the load bus,
BL, without and with the FACTS filter compensator
Fig. 10 The frequency spectrum of voltage waveform at the infinite bus, Bi,
without and with the FACTS filter compensator.
Fig. 11 The rms voltage at the generator, load and infinite buses
without (dashed line) and with SSFC (solid line)
V. CONCLUSION
This paper presents a power quality mitigation scheme
based on the Static Switched Filter Compensator (SSFC). The
SSFC is controlled by a dynamic tri-loop error driven
modified VSC controller. The digital simulation model of the
proposed SSFC scheme has been validated for effective power
quality improvement, voltage stabilization and power factor
correction in distribution network with wind energy.
The proposed SSFC scheme can be extended to other
distributed/dispersed renewable energy interface and
utilization systems and can be easily modified for other
specific compensation requirements, voltage stabilization and
efficient utilization. Topology variations and flexible
dynamic control techniques can be utilized in renewable
energy smart grid interface.
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