Generally, the non-conventional energy sources are being extensively used in case of power electronic
converter based distribution systems. This paper mainly focuses on the wind energy system integrating with
grid connected system and also improvement of power quality features. The wind energy power plant is
modelled based on associated equations. For improving this power quality problems, this paper proposes the
concepts of shunt converter controllers. This paper also proposes the concepts of ANFIS based Static
Compensator. And also the results are compared for this cases. Thus with such a control, a balanced load
currents are obtained even in the presence of non-linear load. The experimental setup is done in Matlab and
verified the simulation results
4.power quality improvement in dg system using shunt active filterEditorJST
Injection of power generated by the wind turbine system into an electric grid mainly effects the power quality. The performance of this wind turbine and its power quality is determined on the basis of its measurement of power ratings as per IEEE standards. The influence of the wind turbine in the grid system concerning the power quality measurements are the active power, reactive power, variation of voltage, flicker, harmonics, and electrical behavior of switching operation. To mitigate the power quality problems this paper proposes the shunt compensator techniques. Here, the proposed system is verified experimentally using both STATCOM and TSC compensators. This control schemes for grid connected wind energy system is simulated using Matlab/Simulink.
STATCOM Based Wind Energy System by using Hybrid Fuzzy Logic ControllerIJMTST Journal
The influence of the hybrid system in the grid system concerning the power quality measurements are the active power, reactive power, voltage deviation, flicker, harmonics, and electrical behavior of switching operation and these are measured according to International Electro-Technical Commission (IEC). The STATCOM provides reactive power support to hybrid system and load. These voltage fluctuations can be eliminated with the help of advanced reactive power compensator device such as SVC and STATCOM. This work focus on design, modeling and analysis of FACTS device in wind farm interconnected with grid during fault. These devices can be controlled by Synchronous Reference Frame theory. The performance is analyzed with the help of PI controller and Fuzzy logic technique. by using Matlab/Simulink Model.
A Frame Work for Control of Gird Connected Wind Power Using Two Layer ControlIJMTST Journal
Recently, several large-scale wind generation projects have been implemented all over the world. It is economically beneficial to integrate very large amounts of wind capacity in power systems. Unlike other traditional generation facilities, using wind turbines present technical challenges in producing continuous and controllable electric power. With increase in contribution of wind power into electric power grid, energy storage devices will be required to dynamically match the intermitting of wind energy. When wind turbines are connected to a grid, they should always maintain constant power. In order to maintain constant active power, the use of Doubly-Fed Induction Generators (DFIG) with Energy Storage System (ESS) like super capacitor (or) batteries can be used, with a two layer control scheme. In the two layers control there is a high-layer controller known as Wind Farm Supervisory Control (WFSC), which generates the active power (P), Stator Power (Ps), Energy storage power (Pe), DC voltage (Vdc) etc., references for the low-layer WTG controllers. The low-layer controller has two different controls i.e., Grid side controller (GSC) and Rotor side controller (RSC) which are used to control the AC/DC/AC converters of DFIG wind turbines and to generate the desired active power demand specified by the grid operator. Simulation is carried out in Matlab to evaluate the performance of wind farm equipped with 15 DFIG wind turbines with and without ESS to provide a constant active power of 36MW.
LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL IN TWO AREA NETWORK INCLUDING DGIAEME Publication
Automatic Generation Control (AGC) is associate integral a part of Energy Management
System. This paper deals with the automatic generation control of interconnected multi area grid
network. The first purpose of the AGC is to balance the full system generation against system load
and losses so the specified frequency and power interchange with neighboring systems are
maintained. Any pair between generation and demand causes the system frequency to deviate from
regular worth. So high frequency deviation could result in system collapse. This necessitates
associate correct and quick acting controller to take care of constant nominal frequency. The
limitations of the conventional controls are slow and lack of efficiency in handling system nonlinearity.
This leads to develop a control technique for AGC. In this paper both conventional and
PI viz. Proportional Integral controller approach of automatic generation control has been
examined. PI based AGC has been used for all optimization purposes. System performance has
been evaluated at various disturbances such as, load disturbances, grid disturbances and both load
and grid disturbances. Various responses due to conventional and proposed PI based AGC
controllers have been compared at load disturbances, grid disturbances and both load and grid
disturbances.
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4.power quality improvement in dg system using shunt active filterEditorJST
Injection of power generated by the wind turbine system into an electric grid mainly effects the power quality. The performance of this wind turbine and its power quality is determined on the basis of its measurement of power ratings as per IEEE standards. The influence of the wind turbine in the grid system concerning the power quality measurements are the active power, reactive power, variation of voltage, flicker, harmonics, and electrical behavior of switching operation. To mitigate the power quality problems this paper proposes the shunt compensator techniques. Here, the proposed system is verified experimentally using both STATCOM and TSC compensators. This control schemes for grid connected wind energy system is simulated using Matlab/Simulink.
STATCOM Based Wind Energy System by using Hybrid Fuzzy Logic ControllerIJMTST Journal
The influence of the hybrid system in the grid system concerning the power quality measurements are the active power, reactive power, voltage deviation, flicker, harmonics, and electrical behavior of switching operation and these are measured according to International Electro-Technical Commission (IEC). The STATCOM provides reactive power support to hybrid system and load. These voltage fluctuations can be eliminated with the help of advanced reactive power compensator device such as SVC and STATCOM. This work focus on design, modeling and analysis of FACTS device in wind farm interconnected with grid during fault. These devices can be controlled by Synchronous Reference Frame theory. The performance is analyzed with the help of PI controller and Fuzzy logic technique. by using Matlab/Simulink Model.
A Frame Work for Control of Gird Connected Wind Power Using Two Layer ControlIJMTST Journal
Recently, several large-scale wind generation projects have been implemented all over the world. It is economically beneficial to integrate very large amounts of wind capacity in power systems. Unlike other traditional generation facilities, using wind turbines present technical challenges in producing continuous and controllable electric power. With increase in contribution of wind power into electric power grid, energy storage devices will be required to dynamically match the intermitting of wind energy. When wind turbines are connected to a grid, they should always maintain constant power. In order to maintain constant active power, the use of Doubly-Fed Induction Generators (DFIG) with Energy Storage System (ESS) like super capacitor (or) batteries can be used, with a two layer control scheme. In the two layers control there is a high-layer controller known as Wind Farm Supervisory Control (WFSC), which generates the active power (P), Stator Power (Ps), Energy storage power (Pe), DC voltage (Vdc) etc., references for the low-layer WTG controllers. The low-layer controller has two different controls i.e., Grid side controller (GSC) and Rotor side controller (RSC) which are used to control the AC/DC/AC converters of DFIG wind turbines and to generate the desired active power demand specified by the grid operator. Simulation is carried out in Matlab to evaluate the performance of wind farm equipped with 15 DFIG wind turbines with and without ESS to provide a constant active power of 36MW.
LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL IN TWO AREA NETWORK INCLUDING DGIAEME Publication
Automatic Generation Control (AGC) is associate integral a part of Energy Management
System. This paper deals with the automatic generation control of interconnected multi area grid
network. The first purpose of the AGC is to balance the full system generation against system load
and losses so the specified frequency and power interchange with neighboring systems are
maintained. Any pair between generation and demand causes the system frequency to deviate from
regular worth. So high frequency deviation could result in system collapse. This necessitates
associate correct and quick acting controller to take care of constant nominal frequency. The
limitations of the conventional controls are slow and lack of efficiency in handling system nonlinearity.
This leads to develop a control technique for AGC. In this paper both conventional and
PI viz. Proportional Integral controller approach of automatic generation control has been
examined. PI based AGC has been used for all optimization purposes. System performance has
been evaluated at various disturbances such as, load disturbances, grid disturbances and both load
and grid disturbances. Various responses due to conventional and proposed PI based AGC
controllers have been compared at load disturbances, grid disturbances and both load and grid
disturbances.
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After a blackout
If a blackout (a near total loss of generation and load) takes place, efforts have to be taken to bring back the
system to a normal state at the earliest. It may surprise you to know that this (black starting!) is not an easy
task. We shall see why in this lecture.
Once a generator is tripped, restarting it requires a significant amount of power. Power is required for 2 types of
activities:
a) Survival Power: For emergency lighting, battery chargers etc. Usually the requirement is 0.3% of the
generator capacity.
b)
Startup Power: For starting power plant auxiliaries (pumps etc.) Interestingly, nuclear and thermal units
require approximately 8 % of the unit capacity for auxiliaries alone! Therefore, a 500 MW generator
requires approximately 40 MW for running its auxiliaries.
Hydro and Gas units, on the other hand, require only about 0.5-2% of unit capacity for auxiliaries and can be
started usually from in-house DG sets.
The major steps required for restoration are:
a) Islands which have survived need to be stabilised for frequency and need to be used for starting other
units
b) Hydro/Gas units which require less startup power need to be started using in-house DG sets.
c) Larger thermal units need to be fed "startup power" from: 1) Islands which have survived 2)
Blackstarted generators 3) Other synchronous grids (temporarily)
d) Started units are synchronised with one another.
e) Loads and Generation have to be matched as much as possible to avoid large frequency variations.
Governors have a major role in stabilizing frequency in an island.
The transient stability analysis of wind turbines interconected to grid under...IJECEIAES
Wind farm has been growing in recent years due to its very competitive electricity production cost. Wind generators have gone from a few kilowatts to megawatts. However, the participation of the wind turbine in the stability of the electricity grid is a critical point to check, knowing that the electricity grid is meshed, any change in active and reactive flux at the network level affects its stability. With a rate of 50% wind turbine penetration into the electricity grid, the stability of the rotor angle is a dynamic phenomenon which is only visible by the variation of the active energy. The purpose of this journal is to verify the impact of wind turbine integration on an electrical grid, by exploiting the relationship between the reactive energy produced by the Doubly Fed Induction Generator equipping most wind energy systems, and the stability of the rotor angle of the synchronous generators equipping the conventional power plants in the electrical system.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Distributed energy units cannot be directly integrated into the power grid due to their inherently varying output. An interfacing technology is required. The power electronic interface is used for connecting distributed energy resources to the smart grid. It can also be used in any type of electric vehicles. It does not store energy in its circuitry. It receives power from the distributed energy source and converts it to power at the required voltage and frequency. This paper provides a brief introduction on power electronic interface. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Adedamola A. Omotoso | Sarhan M. Musa "Power Electronic Interface" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29394.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/29394/power-electronic-interface/matthew-n-o-sadiku
Power Quality Improvement of Grid Interconnection of renewable Energy Based D...IJERA Editor
This paper presents a grid interfacing inverter which compensates power quality problems and also interface Renewable Energy Sources with the help of electric grid. Renewable Energy Sources are being increasingly connected in distribution system utilizing power electronic converters. Grid interfacing inverter can be used: 1) To improve the transfer of active power harvested from RES; 2) To meet load reactive power demand support ; 3) To reduce current harmonics by incorporating the current harmonic compensator at point of common coupling(PCC) ; 4) current unbalance and neutral current compensation in case of 3-phase 4-wire system. The fuzzy logic can be used in many applications especially, when the process/models are complex to analyse by using classical methods. Mainly fuzzy logic controller is used to control DC capacitor voltage. Simulations are carried out using MATLAB/SIMULINK to verify the performance of the controller. The output shows the controller has fast dynamic response high accuracy of tracking DC voltage reference and robust to load parameters variations.
Control of Two Stage PV Power System under the Unbalanced Three Phase Grid Vo...ijtsrd
This paper proposes a dynamic power decoupling DPD strategy for the three phase grid tied PV power system without increasing the dc link capacitance. Under normal condition, the interleaved boost converter will extract the maximum power point MPP from the PV array and the three phase inverter will inject the power to the grid. During the unbalanced grid fault scenario, the input power and current of the interleaved boost converter will be controlled by the proposed DPD to achieve the power decoupling capability as well as to eliminate the dc link voltage oscillation. The proposed work has been carried out in MATLAB, and the results are presented. Manasa | Nirmaladevi ""Control of Two Stage PV Power System under the Unbalanced Three-Phase Grid Voltages"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020,
URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30091.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/30091/control-of-two-stage-pv-power-system-under-the-unbalanced-three-phase-grid-voltages/manasa
Engineering Research Publication
Best International Journals, High Impact Journals,
International Journal of Engineering & Technical Research
ISSN : 2321-0869 (O) 2454-4698 (P)
www.erpublication.org
Performance analysis of various parameters by comparison of conventional pitc...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Performance analysis of various parameters by comparison of conventional pitc...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper deals with a variable speed wind turbine coupled with a permanent magnet synchronous generator connected through a two mass drive train. This drive train is connected to synchronous generator and after the conversion process finally connected to grid and the idea of transmission over a long distance makes the use of converter necessary and at the receiving end. The inverter is used to convert it back and the inverter is designed with a proper gate signal to get the best output three phase voltages. The fuzzy logic controller is used to track generator speed with varying wind speed to optimize turbine aerodynamic efficiency in the outer speed loop. Pitch angle control of wind turbine has been used widely to reduce torque and output power variation in high rated wind speed areas .The machine side converter is designed to extract maximum power from the wind. In this work a WECS connected with grid is designed in Matlab and a Fuzzy controller is designed to improve the output and we can see the major difference in DC link voltage and reactive power in transmission line. From the outputs we can also go through the reactive power issue which system is best for inductive load or capacitive load. The simple PI system is good for capacitive load and the fuzzy system is better option for the inductive load. The results of both the system of normal controller and fuzzy controller is compared and analyzed. Key Words: Fuzzy logic controller (FLC), permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) , Pulse width modulation (PWM), Wind energy conversion system, DC link capacitor. FACTS Flexible A.C Transmission system, PI proportional integral
ER Publication,
IJETR, IJMCTR,
Journals,
International Journals,
High Impact Journals,
Monthly Journal,
Good quality Journals,
Research,
Research Papers,
Research Article,
Free Journals, Open access Journals,
erpublication.org,
Engineering Journal,
Science Journals,
Wind-Turbine Asynchronous Generator Synchronous Condenser with Excitation in ...IJMTST Journal
In this paper Standalone operation of a wind turbine generating system under fluctuating wind and variable load conditions is a difficult task. Moreover, high reactive power demand makes it more challenging due to the limitation of reactive capability of the wind generating system.The frequency is controlled by the Discrete Frequency Regulator block. This controller uses a standard three-phase Phase Locked Loop (PLL) system to measure the system frequency. The measured frequency is compared to the reference frequency to obtain the frequency error. This error is integrated to obtain the phase error. The phase error is then used by a Proportional-Differential (PD) controller to produce an output signal representing the required secondary load power. This signal is converted to an 8-bit digital signal controlling switching of the eight three-phase secondary loads. In order to minimize voltage disturbances, switching is performed at zero crossing of voltage.
Stabilization and Frequency Regulation in Microgrid by Controlling Pitch Angleijtsrd
PID controller based pitch angle controller for the frequency regulation and active power control in a wind turbine and diesel engine powered hybrid power system, is presented in this paper. For testing the prosed controller, variable wind speed pattern is used for realization of real time wind behavior. Furthermore, the variable load is also connected to the hybrid power system to test the efficacy of the prosed controller. The system is modelled and simulated in MATLAB environment and results obtained are compared with and without pitch angle controller. The frequency deviations in PID based pitch angle controller is less than the without controller. Aman Malik | Kavita Sharma "Stabilization and Frequency Regulation in Microgrid by Controlling Pitch Angle" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33303.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/33303/stabilization-and-frequency-regulation-in-microgrid-by-controlling-pitch-angle/aman-malik
A Fuzzy Based STATCOM Controller for Mitigating Current Harmonics in Grid Int...IJMTST Journal
Generally, the non-conventional energy sources are being extensively used in case of power electronic converter based distribution systems. This paper mainly focuses on the wind energy system integrating with grid connected system and also improvement of power quality features. The wind energy power plant is modelled based on associated equations. For improving this power quality problems, this paper proposes the concepts of shunt converter controllers. This paper also proposes the concepts of fuzzy based Thyristor Switched Capacitor and Static Compensator and STATCOM. And also the results are compared for this cases. Thus with such a control, a balanced load currents are obtained even in the presence of non-linear load. The experimental setup is done in Matlab and verified the simulation results.
After a blackout
If a blackout (a near total loss of generation and load) takes place, efforts have to be taken to bring back the
system to a normal state at the earliest. It may surprise you to know that this (black starting!) is not an easy
task. We shall see why in this lecture.
Once a generator is tripped, restarting it requires a significant amount of power. Power is required for 2 types of
activities:
a) Survival Power: For emergency lighting, battery chargers etc. Usually the requirement is 0.3% of the
generator capacity.
b)
Startup Power: For starting power plant auxiliaries (pumps etc.) Interestingly, nuclear and thermal units
require approximately 8 % of the unit capacity for auxiliaries alone! Therefore, a 500 MW generator
requires approximately 40 MW for running its auxiliaries.
Hydro and Gas units, on the other hand, require only about 0.5-2% of unit capacity for auxiliaries and can be
started usually from in-house DG sets.
The major steps required for restoration are:
a) Islands which have survived need to be stabilised for frequency and need to be used for starting other
units
b) Hydro/Gas units which require less startup power need to be started using in-house DG sets.
c) Larger thermal units need to be fed "startup power" from: 1) Islands which have survived 2)
Blackstarted generators 3) Other synchronous grids (temporarily)
d) Started units are synchronised with one another.
e) Loads and Generation have to be matched as much as possible to avoid large frequency variations.
Governors have a major role in stabilizing frequency in an island.
The transient stability analysis of wind turbines interconected to grid under...IJECEIAES
Wind farm has been growing in recent years due to its very competitive electricity production cost. Wind generators have gone from a few kilowatts to megawatts. However, the participation of the wind turbine in the stability of the electricity grid is a critical point to check, knowing that the electricity grid is meshed, any change in active and reactive flux at the network level affects its stability. With a rate of 50% wind turbine penetration into the electricity grid, the stability of the rotor angle is a dynamic phenomenon which is only visible by the variation of the active energy. The purpose of this journal is to verify the impact of wind turbine integration on an electrical grid, by exploiting the relationship between the reactive energy produced by the Doubly Fed Induction Generator equipping most wind energy systems, and the stability of the rotor angle of the synchronous generators equipping the conventional power plants in the electrical system.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Distributed energy units cannot be directly integrated into the power grid due to their inherently varying output. An interfacing technology is required. The power electronic interface is used for connecting distributed energy resources to the smart grid. It can also be used in any type of electric vehicles. It does not store energy in its circuitry. It receives power from the distributed energy source and converts it to power at the required voltage and frequency. This paper provides a brief introduction on power electronic interface. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Adedamola A. Omotoso | Sarhan M. Musa "Power Electronic Interface" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29394.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/29394/power-electronic-interface/matthew-n-o-sadiku
Power Quality Improvement of Grid Interconnection of renewable Energy Based D...IJERA Editor
This paper presents a grid interfacing inverter which compensates power quality problems and also interface Renewable Energy Sources with the help of electric grid. Renewable Energy Sources are being increasingly connected in distribution system utilizing power electronic converters. Grid interfacing inverter can be used: 1) To improve the transfer of active power harvested from RES; 2) To meet load reactive power demand support ; 3) To reduce current harmonics by incorporating the current harmonic compensator at point of common coupling(PCC) ; 4) current unbalance and neutral current compensation in case of 3-phase 4-wire system. The fuzzy logic can be used in many applications especially, when the process/models are complex to analyse by using classical methods. Mainly fuzzy logic controller is used to control DC capacitor voltage. Simulations are carried out using MATLAB/SIMULINK to verify the performance of the controller. The output shows the controller has fast dynamic response high accuracy of tracking DC voltage reference and robust to load parameters variations.
Control of Two Stage PV Power System under the Unbalanced Three Phase Grid Vo...ijtsrd
This paper proposes a dynamic power decoupling DPD strategy for the three phase grid tied PV power system without increasing the dc link capacitance. Under normal condition, the interleaved boost converter will extract the maximum power point MPP from the PV array and the three phase inverter will inject the power to the grid. During the unbalanced grid fault scenario, the input power and current of the interleaved boost converter will be controlled by the proposed DPD to achieve the power decoupling capability as well as to eliminate the dc link voltage oscillation. The proposed work has been carried out in MATLAB, and the results are presented. Manasa | Nirmaladevi ""Control of Two Stage PV Power System under the Unbalanced Three-Phase Grid Voltages"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020,
URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30091.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/30091/control-of-two-stage-pv-power-system-under-the-unbalanced-three-phase-grid-voltages/manasa
Engineering Research Publication
Best International Journals, High Impact Journals,
International Journal of Engineering & Technical Research
ISSN : 2321-0869 (O) 2454-4698 (P)
www.erpublication.org
Performance analysis of various parameters by comparison of conventional pitc...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Performance analysis of various parameters by comparison of conventional pitc...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper deals with a variable speed wind turbine coupled with a permanent magnet synchronous generator connected through a two mass drive train. This drive train is connected to synchronous generator and after the conversion process finally connected to grid and the idea of transmission over a long distance makes the use of converter necessary and at the receiving end. The inverter is used to convert it back and the inverter is designed with a proper gate signal to get the best output three phase voltages. The fuzzy logic controller is used to track generator speed with varying wind speed to optimize turbine aerodynamic efficiency in the outer speed loop. Pitch angle control of wind turbine has been used widely to reduce torque and output power variation in high rated wind speed areas .The machine side converter is designed to extract maximum power from the wind. In this work a WECS connected with grid is designed in Matlab and a Fuzzy controller is designed to improve the output and we can see the major difference in DC link voltage and reactive power in transmission line. From the outputs we can also go through the reactive power issue which system is best for inductive load or capacitive load. The simple PI system is good for capacitive load and the fuzzy system is better option for the inductive load. The results of both the system of normal controller and fuzzy controller is compared and analyzed. Key Words: Fuzzy logic controller (FLC), permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) , Pulse width modulation (PWM), Wind energy conversion system, DC link capacitor. FACTS Flexible A.C Transmission system, PI proportional integral
ER Publication,
IJETR, IJMCTR,
Journals,
International Journals,
High Impact Journals,
Monthly Journal,
Good quality Journals,
Research,
Research Papers,
Research Article,
Free Journals, Open access Journals,
erpublication.org,
Engineering Journal,
Science Journals,
Wind-Turbine Asynchronous Generator Synchronous Condenser with Excitation in ...IJMTST Journal
In this paper Standalone operation of a wind turbine generating system under fluctuating wind and variable load conditions is a difficult task. Moreover, high reactive power demand makes it more challenging due to the limitation of reactive capability of the wind generating system.The frequency is controlled by the Discrete Frequency Regulator block. This controller uses a standard three-phase Phase Locked Loop (PLL) system to measure the system frequency. The measured frequency is compared to the reference frequency to obtain the frequency error. This error is integrated to obtain the phase error. The phase error is then used by a Proportional-Differential (PD) controller to produce an output signal representing the required secondary load power. This signal is converted to an 8-bit digital signal controlling switching of the eight three-phase secondary loads. In order to minimize voltage disturbances, switching is performed at zero crossing of voltage.
Stabilization and Frequency Regulation in Microgrid by Controlling Pitch Angleijtsrd
PID controller based pitch angle controller for the frequency regulation and active power control in a wind turbine and diesel engine powered hybrid power system, is presented in this paper. For testing the prosed controller, variable wind speed pattern is used for realization of real time wind behavior. Furthermore, the variable load is also connected to the hybrid power system to test the efficacy of the prosed controller. The system is modelled and simulated in MATLAB environment and results obtained are compared with and without pitch angle controller. The frequency deviations in PID based pitch angle controller is less than the without controller. Aman Malik | Kavita Sharma "Stabilization and Frequency Regulation in Microgrid by Controlling Pitch Angle" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33303.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/33303/stabilization-and-frequency-regulation-in-microgrid-by-controlling-pitch-angle/aman-malik
A Fuzzy Based STATCOM Controller for Mitigating Current Harmonics in Grid Int...IJMTST Journal
Generally, the non-conventional energy sources are being extensively used in case of power electronic converter based distribution systems. This paper mainly focuses on the wind energy system integrating with grid connected system and also improvement of power quality features. The wind energy power plant is modelled based on associated equations. For improving this power quality problems, this paper proposes the concepts of shunt converter controllers. This paper also proposes the concepts of fuzzy based Thyristor Switched Capacitor and Static Compensator and STATCOM. And also the results are compared for this cases. Thus with such a control, a balanced load currents are obtained even in the presence of non-linear load. The experimental setup is done in Matlab and verified the simulation results.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Grid Interconnection of Renewable Energy Sources at the Distribution Level Wi...Pradeep Avanigadda
Renewable energy resources (RES) are being increasingly
connected in distribution systems utilizing power electronic
converters. This paper presents a novel control strategy for
achieving maximum benefits from these grid-interfacing inverters
when installed in 3-phase 4-wire distribution systems. The inverter
is controlled to perform as a multi-function device by incorporating
active power filter functionality. The inverter can thus be
utilized as: 1) power converter to inject power generated from
RES to the grid, and 2) shunt APF to compensate current unbalance,
load current harmonics, load reactive power demand and
load neutral current. All of these functions may be accomplished
either individually or simultaneously. With such a control, the
combination of grid-interfacing inverter and the 3-phase 4-wire
linear/non-linear unbalanced load at point of common coupling
appears as balanced linear load to the grid. This new control
concept is demonstrated with extensive MATLAB/Simulink simulation
studies and validated through digital signal processor-based
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Index Terms—Active power filter
A review on power electronics application on wind turbineseSAT Journals
Abstract This paper reviews the power electronic applications for wind energy systems. Various wind turbine systems with different generators and power electronic converters are described, and different technical features are compared. The electrical topologies of wind farms with different wind turbines are summarized and the possible uses of power electronic converters with wind farms are shown. Finally, the possible methods of using the power electronic technology for improving wind turbine performance in power systems to meet the main grid connection requirements are discussed. Keywords—Fault ride-through, grid connection, power electronics converters, reactive power compensation, wind energy conversion, wind farms, wind turbine control.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Comparison of upqc and dvr in wind turbine fed fsig under asymmetric faultselelijjournal
This paper presents the mitigation of faults in wind turbine connected fixed speed induction generator using unified power quality conditioner and static compensator. The UPQC consists of shunt and series converters connected back-to-back through a dc-to-dc step up converter. The presence of the dc-to-dc step converter permits the UPQC to compensate faults for long duration. The series converter is connected to the supply side whereas the shunt converter is connected to the load side. The control system of the proposed UPQC is based on Id-Iq theory. The DVR consists of shunt and series converters connected back-to-back through a dc-to-dc step up converter. The presence of the dc-to-dc step converter permits the DVR to compensate faults for long duration. The series converter is connected to the supply side whereas the shunt converter is connected to the load side. The control system of the proposed DVR is based on
hysteresis voltage controlThe proposed wind turbine fed fixed speed induction generator is evaluated and simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK environment with UPQC and DVR under asymmetric faults
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Performance Improvement of a Grid Connected Wind Farm SystemIOSRJEEE
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2. 56 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
Gurivelli Swetha and K Polayya : Stability Improvement in Grid Connected Multi Area System using ANFIS Based SVC
Controller
point called as PCC and the ground [4]. Shunt
device either can absorb or generate the reactive
power for controlling the magnitude of voltage at
point of common coupling.
The reactive power compensation is also one of
the application of shunt converter devices [5].
Figure 1 shows the basic diagram for the shunt
connected inverter based grid connected system
[6].
Fig 1: Diagram for Proposed System.
II. GRID INTERCONNECTION OF WIND ENERGY SYSTEM
Recently grid connected wind system have been
spreading in residential areas and in industrial
areas. So we have to find a suitable MPPT
technique that gives a better power output when
connected is to find out. For a grid connected
system there are certain factors that have been
considered such that DC-AC conversion with
highest output power quality with the proper
design of filters System main controlling factors
like MPPT. Grid interface inverters which transfers
the energy from the wind energy generation system
to the grid by maintaining constant of dc link
voltage. For a grid connected system the utility
network mainly demands for better power quality
and power output. In the case of voltage
fluctuations control of grid parameters is very
difficult. So for a wind system that is connected to a
grid first stage is the boosting stage and the second
stage is DC-AC converter [7]. An output filter is
usually employed which reduces the ripple
components due to switching problems. The
problem associated with the grid connected system
is that the dc link voltage that must be oscillates
between the two levels which depends on the
operating climatic conditions (ambient
temperature & irradiance) in which inverter which
acts us a power controller between the dc link and
the utility. Dc link is generally used to isolate
between the grid side and the inverter side so that
we can control both wind system and grid
separately. All the available power that can be
extracted from the wind system is transferred
through the grid [8]-[9].
2.1 Wind Energy System:
The generation of electrical power is obtained
mainly in two ways i.e one is conventional source
and other is non- conventional energy sources. The
generation of electricity using non-renewable
resources such as coal, natural gas, oil and so on,
shows great impact on the environment by
production of pollution from their general gases.
Hence, by considering all these conditions the
generation of electricity is obtained from the
renewable energy sources.
Basically, out of all renewable energy sources the
wind turbine plays an important role for generating
electricity. And also from economical point of view
the wind turbine has low maintainece cost because
it needs no fuel so that it is pollution free. Mostly,
in present world 50-60 percent [13] of energy is
generated from wind turbine as compared with all
other renewable energy sources.
The typical layout of wind power generation as
shown below.
Fig.2 basic schematic diagram of wind turbine
The wind turbine converters wind energy to
electrical energy and the generator mechanical
shaft power is obtained by the following expression:
And the coefficient of power also plays a key
role for wind system and the basic minimum value
of power coefficient is 0.5. The power coefficient is
obtained by the ratio of tip speed ratio to pitch
angle. The pitch angle is the angle to which the
blades of turbine is arranged based on their
3. 57 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
Gurivelli Swetha and K Polayya : Stability Improvement in Grid Connected Multi Area System using ANFIS Based SVC
Controller
longitude axis and changing of wind direction. The
tip speed ration is defined as ratio of linear speed of
the rotor to the wind speed.
Fig.3 shows a typical waveform for coefficient of
power with respect to the tip speed ratio. The
maximum achievable range of TSR is from 0.4 to
0.5 for turbine with high speed and from 0.2 t0 0.4
for turbine with low speed [14].
Fig 3: Power coefficient Vs Tip Speed Ratio
2.2 SVC and its Control Technique:
It is a power quality device, which employs power
electronics to control the reactive power flow of the
system where it is connected. As a result, it is able
to provide fast-acting reactive power compensation
on electrical systems. In other words, static var
compensators have their output adjusted to
exchange inductive or capacitive current in order to
control a power system variable such as the bus
voltage.
Moreover, the term static is used to distinguish the
SVC from its rotating counter parts like the
synchronous generators and/or motors.
• Unity power factor at the source side.
• The Dc voltage is obtained for STATCOM is
generated from Solar Cells.
The major and most important component of the
family of static var compensator [15] is Thyristor
Switched Capacitor. It is an equipment which is
used for reactive power compensation in power
systems. It is a combination of capacitor bank
which is connected in series with the anti-parallel
thyristor valve and a small current limiting
inductor [16]
The thyristor switched capacitor is commonly a
three phase system which is connected in either
star or delta. As compared with thyristor controlled
reactor the thyristor switched capacitor produces
less harmonics thereby no need for extra filter
circuits. Due to this reason the thyristor switched
capacitor is mostly used in static var compensator
family and used for only reactive power this can
lead to less economic [16].
Fig 4: Thyristor Switched Capacitor
Fig 5: Control Diagram for SVC
III. FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER
Fuzzy control system is a mathematical system
which is completely based on fuzzy logic. Fuzzy
controllers which are directly use the fuzzy rules.
Fuzzy rules are conditional statements, gives the
relationship among all fuzzy variables. The logic
involved in the fuzzy controller [17] can deal with
concepts that cannot be expressed as true or false.
In below figure Fuzzy Logic Controller block
diagram is shown.
Fig.6 Fuzzy Logic Controller block diagram
The fuzzy set is defined by a function that maps
objects in a domain of concern to their membership
value in the set. Such a function is called
membership function and is usually denoted by
Greek symbol “μ”. Figure 6, shows the selection of
4. 58 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
Gurivelli Swetha and K Polayya : Stability Improvement in Grid Connected Multi Area System using ANFIS Based SVC
Controller
number of inputs and outputs in the form of
membership functions in order to design FIS [18].
IV. SIMULATION STUDY
Case 1: Simulation result with use of TSC
Converter
The simulation is done based on the fig 1, and it
shows in figure 7 and the obtained power quality is
shown below simulation waveforms.
Fig 7: Simulation Diagram with SVC
Case 1: With and Without SVC Controller
Fig 8: Simulation Result for Multi area system
without SVC (a) Voltage, (b) Power and (c) Phase
voltage
Fig 9: Simulation Result for Multi area system with
SVC (a) Voltage, (b) Power and (c) Phase voltage
Case 2: With SVC and Fuzzy Logic Controller
Figure 9: Simulation Result for Multi area system
with SVC and Fuzzy Controller (a) Voltage, (b)
Power and (c) Phase voltage
V. CONCLUSION
The paper summarized the following points,
mainly quality, reliability and stability issues get
generated with the interconnection of many
distributed generation system in Grid. Power
stability issues like voltage frequency and load
angle variation in DG connections. An advanced
control device is required for the connection of
distributed generation in a network; control device
should have a property to secure high reliability
and stability of the power system. In this paper,
SVC mechanism is controlled with ANFIS
controller. This controller along with SVC improves
the voltage profile and the transient stability of
buses connected with grid occurred. The designed
controller is tested on a 3 machine 5 bus Simulink
model in MATLAB. The Simulation tests are
performed on buses terminal voltage. The ability of
designed controller in contrast with the
conventional SVC can be seen that the ANFIS
controller has enhanced the transmission line
power stability during the disturbances whereas
the ANFIS based controller provides reliable and
stable working. In future genetic algorithm can be
used to improve the working and mechanism of
SVC to improve the voltage profile and the
transient stability of buses of any power system.
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International Journal of Reviews in Computing.
[2] Comparison of PSS, SVC and STATCOM Controllers for
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student member IEEE, Claudio A.Canizares, Senior
Member, IEEE john reeve, fellow, IEEE, and graham
J.rogers,fellow,IEEE.
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Controller
[3] Unified power flow controller concept for flexible ac
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[14] Real and Reactive power coordination for a Unified power
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