This document discusses several inference engines that can be used for semantic web applications: Pellet, FaCT, FaCT++, RacerPro, Kaon2, and HermiT. It analyzes and compares these inference engines based on their expressivity, algorithms, interfaces, and other features. The key purpose of inference engines is to infer new knowledge and relationships from existing semantic data using rules and ontologies. The document concludes that a comparative analysis of inference engines can help select the most appropriate one for a given semantic web application or research.
Concept hierarchy is the backbone of ontology, and the concept hierarchy acquisition has been a hot topic in the field of ontology learning. this paper proposes a hyponymy extraction method of domain ontology concept based on cascaded conditional random field(CCRFs) and hierarchy clustering. It takes free text as extracting object, adopts CCRFs identifying the domain concepts. First the low layer of CCRFs is used to identify simple domain concept, then the results are sent to the high layer, in which the nesting concepts are recognized. Next we adopt hierarchy clustering to identify the hyponymy relation between domain ontology concepts. The experimental results demonstrate the proposed method is efficient.
Ontology languages are used in modelling the semantics of concepts within a particular domain and the relationships between those concepts. The Semantic Web standard provides a number of modelling languages that differ in their level of expressivity and are organized in a Semantic Web Stack in such a way that each language level builds on the expressivity of the other. There are several problems when one attempts to use independently developed ontologies. When existing ontologies are adapted for new purposes it requires that certain operations are performed on them. These operations are currently performed in a semi-automated manner. This paper seeks to model categorically the syntax and semantics of RDF ontology as a step towards the formalization of ontological operations using category theory.
Class Diagram Extraction from Textual Requirements Using NLP Techniquesiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
UNIT III MINING COMMUNITIES
Aggregating and reasoning with social network data, Advanced Representations - Extracting
evolution of Web Community from a Series of Web Archive - Detecting Communities in Social
Networks - Evaluating Communities – Core Methods for Community Detection & Mining Applications of Community Mining Algorithms - Node Classification in Social Networks.
Ontology Based Approach for Semantic Information Retrieval SystemIJTET Journal
Abstract—The Information retrieval system is taking an important role in current search engine which performs searching operation based on keywords which results in an enormous amount of data available to the user, from which user cannot figure out the essential and most important information. This limitation may be overcome by a new web architecture known as the semantic web which overcome the limitation of the keyword based search technique called the conceptual or the semantic search technique. Natural language processing technique is mostly implemented in a QA system for asking user’s questions and several steps are also followed for conversion of questions to the query form for retrieving an exact answer. In conceptual search, search engine interprets the meaning of the user’s query and the relation among the concepts that document contains with respect to a particular domain that produces specific answers instead of showing lists of answers. In this paper, we proposed the ontology based semantic information retrieval system and the Jena semantic web framework in which, the user enters an input query which is parsed by Standford Parser then the triplet extraction algorithm is used. For all input queries, the SPARQL query is formed and further, it is fired on the knowledge base (Ontology) which finds appropriate RDF triples in knowledge base and retrieve the relevant information using the Jena framework.
Concept hierarchy is the backbone of ontology, and the concept hierarchy acquisition has been a hot topic in the field of ontology learning. this paper proposes a hyponymy extraction method of domain ontology concept based on cascaded conditional random field(CCRFs) and hierarchy clustering. It takes free text as extracting object, adopts CCRFs identifying the domain concepts. First the low layer of CCRFs is used to identify simple domain concept, then the results are sent to the high layer, in which the nesting concepts are recognized. Next we adopt hierarchy clustering to identify the hyponymy relation between domain ontology concepts. The experimental results demonstrate the proposed method is efficient.
Ontology languages are used in modelling the semantics of concepts within a particular domain and the relationships between those concepts. The Semantic Web standard provides a number of modelling languages that differ in their level of expressivity and are organized in a Semantic Web Stack in such a way that each language level builds on the expressivity of the other. There are several problems when one attempts to use independently developed ontologies. When existing ontologies are adapted for new purposes it requires that certain operations are performed on them. These operations are currently performed in a semi-automated manner. This paper seeks to model categorically the syntax and semantics of RDF ontology as a step towards the formalization of ontological operations using category theory.
Class Diagram Extraction from Textual Requirements Using NLP Techniquesiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
UNIT III MINING COMMUNITIES
Aggregating and reasoning with social network data, Advanced Representations - Extracting
evolution of Web Community from a Series of Web Archive - Detecting Communities in Social
Networks - Evaluating Communities – Core Methods for Community Detection & Mining Applications of Community Mining Algorithms - Node Classification in Social Networks.
Ontology Based Approach for Semantic Information Retrieval SystemIJTET Journal
Abstract—The Information retrieval system is taking an important role in current search engine which performs searching operation based on keywords which results in an enormous amount of data available to the user, from which user cannot figure out the essential and most important information. This limitation may be overcome by a new web architecture known as the semantic web which overcome the limitation of the keyword based search technique called the conceptual or the semantic search technique. Natural language processing technique is mostly implemented in a QA system for asking user’s questions and several steps are also followed for conversion of questions to the query form for retrieving an exact answer. In conceptual search, search engine interprets the meaning of the user’s query and the relation among the concepts that document contains with respect to a particular domain that produces specific answers instead of showing lists of answers. In this paper, we proposed the ontology based semantic information retrieval system and the Jena semantic web framework in which, the user enters an input query which is parsed by Standford Parser then the triplet extraction algorithm is used. For all input queries, the SPARQL query is formed and further, it is fired on the knowledge base (Ontology) which finds appropriate RDF triples in knowledge base and retrieve the relevant information using the Jena framework.
Tutorial - Introduction to Rule Technologies and SystemsAdrian Paschke
Tutorial at Semantic Web Applications and Tools for the Life Sciences (SWAT4LS 2014), 9-11 Dec., Berlin, Germany
http://www.swat4ls.org/workshops/berlin2014/
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
While the world is witnessing an information revolution unprecedented and great speed in the growth of databases in all aspects. Databases interconnect with their content and schema but use different elements and structures to express the same concepts and relations, which may cause semantic and structural conflicts. This paper proposes a new technique for integration the heterogeneous eXtensible Markup Language (XML) schemas, under the name XDEHD. The returned mediated schema contains all concepts and relations of the sources without duplication. Detailed technique divides into three steps; First, extract all subschemas from the sources by decompose the schemas sources, each subschema contains three levels, these levels are ancestor, root and leaf. Thereafter, second, the technique matches and compares the subschemas and return the related candidate subschemas, semantic closeness function is implemented to measures the degree how similar the concepts of subschemas are modelled in the sources. Finally, create the medicate schema by integration the candidate subschemas, and then obtain the minimal and complete unified schema, association strength function is developed to compute closely of pair in candidate subschema across all data sources, and elements repetition function is employed to calculate how many times each element repeated between the candidate subschema.
Abstract Generally, computer system is handled by the English language only. But the person who is unaware of the English language and structure of query language cannot handle the system. This paper proposed a new approach for accessing the database easily without knowing English. So, the database is accessed with the help of natural languages such as Hindi, Marathi etc. Natural language processing (NLP) is the study of mathematical and computational modeling of various aspects of language and the development of a wide range of systems. Natural Language Processing holds great promise for making computer interfaces that are easier to use for people, since people will be able to talk to the computer in their own language, rather than learn a specialized language of computer commands. Keywords: NLP, Mathematical modeling, Computational modeling
Implementation of Urdu Probabilistic ParserWaqas Tariq
The implementation of Urdu probabilistic parser is the main contribution of this research work. In the beginning, a lot of Urdu text was collected from different sources. The sentences in the text were subsequently tagged. The tagged sentences were then parsed by a chart parser to formulate the rules. In the next step, probabilities were assigned to these rules to get a Probabilistic Context Free Grammar. For Urdu probabilistic parser, the idea of shift-reduce multi-path strategy is used. The developed software performs the syntactic analysis of a sentence, using a given set of probabilistic phrase structure rules. The parse with the highest probability is selected, as the most suitable one from a set of possible parses produced by this parser. The structure of each sentence is represented in the form of successive rules. This parser parses sentences with 74% accuracy.
Database-to-Ontology Mapping Generation for Semantic InteroperabilityRaji Ghawi
This is the powerpoint presentation of my paper: "Database-to-Ontology Mapping Generation for Semantic Interoperability", presented at the Third International Workshop on Database Interoperability (InterDB 2007), held in conjunction with VLDB 2007, Vienna, Austria, September 2007.
Datalog+-Track Introduction & Reasoning on UML Class Diagrams via Datalog+-RuleML
UML class diagrams (UCDs) are a widely adopted formalism
for modeling the intensional structure of a software system. Although
UCDs are typically guiding the implementation of a system, it is common
in practice that developers need to recover the class diagram from an
implemented system. This process is known as reverse engineering. A
fundamental property of reverse engineered (or simply re-engineered)
UCDs is consistency, showing that the system is realizable in practice.
In this work, we investigate the consistency of re-engineered UCDs, and
we show is pspace-complete. The upper bound is obtained by exploiting
algorithmic techniques developed for conjunctive query answering under
guarded Datalog+/-, that is, a key member of the Datalog+/- family
of KR languages, while the lower bound is obtained by simulating the
behavior of a polynomial space Turing machine.
Rulelog is in process of industry standardization via RuleML and W3C:
RIF-Rulelog specification, version of of May 24, 2013, Michael Kifer, ed. RIF-Rulelog is a powerful dialect of W3C Rule Interchange Format (RIF) that is in draft as a submission from RuleML to W3C.
Several industry standards in the areas are based heavily on our team’s contributions to the authoring/editing of the specifications and conducting the underlying research and earlier-phase standards design. These include most notably the two most important industry standards on rules knowledge:
W3C Rule Interchange Format (RIF), which is primarily based on the RuleML standards design (semantic web rules)
W3C OWL 2 RL Profile (rule-based web ontologies)
The team has also contributed to the development of W3C SPARQL and ISO Common Logic, and been strongly involved in other related standardization efforts at OMG and Oasis.
Introduction to Ontology Engineering with Fluent Editor 2014Cognitum
An introductory course for Ontology Engineering using Controlled Natural Language. Fluent Editor (FE) is an ontology editor that is a tool for editing and manipulating ontologies. The main feature of Fluent Editor is that it uses controlled natural language (CNL) to communicate with a user. Communication with CNL is a more suitable for human users alternative to XML-based OWL editors.
September 2021: Top10 Cited Articles in Natural Language Computingkevig
Natural Language Processing is a programmed approach to analyze text that is based on both a set of theories and a set of technologies. This forum aims to bring together researchers who have designed and build software that will analyze, understand, and generate languages that humans use naturally to address computers.
RuleML2015: Explanation of proofs of regulatory (non-)complianceusing semanti...RuleML
With recent regulatory advances, modern enterprises have to not only comply with regulations but have to be prepared to provide explanation of proof of (non-)compliance. On top of compliance checking, this necessitates modeling concepts from regulations and enterprise operations so that stakeholder-specific and close to natural language explanations could be generated. We take a step in this direction by using Semantics of Business Vocabulary and Rules to model and map vocabularies of regulations and operations of enterprise. Using these vocabularies and leveraging proof generation abilities of an existing compliance engine, we show how such explanations can be created. Basic natural language explanations that we generate can be easily enriched by adding requisite domain knowledge to the vocabularies.
This work introduces faceted service discovery. It uses the Programmable Web directory as its corpus of APIs and enhances the search to enable faceted search, given an OWL ontology. The ontology describes semantic features of the APIs. We have designed the API classification ontology using LexOnt, a software we have built for semi-automatic ontology creation tool. LexOnt is geared toward non-experts within a service domain who want to create a high-level ontology that describes the domain. Using well- known NLP algorithms, LexOnt generates a list of top terms and phrases from the Programmable Web corpus to enable users to find high-level features that distinguish one Programmable Web service category from another. To also aid non-experts, LexOnt relies on outside sources such as Wikipedia and Wordnet to help the user identify the important terms within a service category. Using the ontology created from LexOnt, we have created APIBrowse, a faceted search interface for APIs. The ontology, in combination with the use of the Apache Solr search platform, is used to generate a faceted search interface for APIs based on their distinguishing features. With this ontology, an API is classified and displayed underneath multiple categories and displayed within the APIBrowse interface. APIBrowse gives programmers the ability to search for APIs based on their semantic features and keywords and presents them with a filtered and more accurate set of search results.
Knarig Arabshian is an Assistant Professor in the Computer Science Department at Hofstra University, since Fall 2014. Prior to that she was a Member of Technical Staff at Bell Labs in Murray Hill, NJ. She received her Ph.D. in Computer Science from Columbia University in 2008.
Professor Arabshian’s interests lie in the field of semantic web, service discovery and composition, context-aware computing and distributed systems. The goal of her research is to drive forward the idea of a personalized web. Her work explores ways of describing data meaningfully and designing frameworks and systems for efficient data discovery. During her tenure at Bell Labs, she worked on different aspects of ontology creation, distribution and querying.
English kazakh parallel corpus for statistical machine translationijnlc
This paper presents problems and solutions in developing English-Kazakh parallel corpus at the School of
Mechanics and Mathematics of the al-Farabi Kazakh National University. The research project included
constructing a 1,000,000-word English-Kazakh parallel corpus of legal texts, developing an English-
Kazakh translation memory of legal texts from the corpus and building a statistical machine translation
system. The project aims at collecting more than ten million words. The paper further elaborates on the
procedures followed to construct the corpus and develop the other products of the research project.
Methods used for collecting data and the results are discussed, errors during the process of collecting data
and how to handle these errors will be described
Tutorial - Introduction to Rule Technologies and SystemsAdrian Paschke
Tutorial at Semantic Web Applications and Tools for the Life Sciences (SWAT4LS 2014), 9-11 Dec., Berlin, Germany
http://www.swat4ls.org/workshops/berlin2014/
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
While the world is witnessing an information revolution unprecedented and great speed in the growth of databases in all aspects. Databases interconnect with their content and schema but use different elements and structures to express the same concepts and relations, which may cause semantic and structural conflicts. This paper proposes a new technique for integration the heterogeneous eXtensible Markup Language (XML) schemas, under the name XDEHD. The returned mediated schema contains all concepts and relations of the sources without duplication. Detailed technique divides into three steps; First, extract all subschemas from the sources by decompose the schemas sources, each subschema contains three levels, these levels are ancestor, root and leaf. Thereafter, second, the technique matches and compares the subschemas and return the related candidate subschemas, semantic closeness function is implemented to measures the degree how similar the concepts of subschemas are modelled in the sources. Finally, create the medicate schema by integration the candidate subschemas, and then obtain the minimal and complete unified schema, association strength function is developed to compute closely of pair in candidate subschema across all data sources, and elements repetition function is employed to calculate how many times each element repeated between the candidate subschema.
Abstract Generally, computer system is handled by the English language only. But the person who is unaware of the English language and structure of query language cannot handle the system. This paper proposed a new approach for accessing the database easily without knowing English. So, the database is accessed with the help of natural languages such as Hindi, Marathi etc. Natural language processing (NLP) is the study of mathematical and computational modeling of various aspects of language and the development of a wide range of systems. Natural Language Processing holds great promise for making computer interfaces that are easier to use for people, since people will be able to talk to the computer in their own language, rather than learn a specialized language of computer commands. Keywords: NLP, Mathematical modeling, Computational modeling
Implementation of Urdu Probabilistic ParserWaqas Tariq
The implementation of Urdu probabilistic parser is the main contribution of this research work. In the beginning, a lot of Urdu text was collected from different sources. The sentences in the text were subsequently tagged. The tagged sentences were then parsed by a chart parser to formulate the rules. In the next step, probabilities were assigned to these rules to get a Probabilistic Context Free Grammar. For Urdu probabilistic parser, the idea of shift-reduce multi-path strategy is used. The developed software performs the syntactic analysis of a sentence, using a given set of probabilistic phrase structure rules. The parse with the highest probability is selected, as the most suitable one from a set of possible parses produced by this parser. The structure of each sentence is represented in the form of successive rules. This parser parses sentences with 74% accuracy.
Database-to-Ontology Mapping Generation for Semantic InteroperabilityRaji Ghawi
This is the powerpoint presentation of my paper: "Database-to-Ontology Mapping Generation for Semantic Interoperability", presented at the Third International Workshop on Database Interoperability (InterDB 2007), held in conjunction with VLDB 2007, Vienna, Austria, September 2007.
Datalog+-Track Introduction & Reasoning on UML Class Diagrams via Datalog+-RuleML
UML class diagrams (UCDs) are a widely adopted formalism
for modeling the intensional structure of a software system. Although
UCDs are typically guiding the implementation of a system, it is common
in practice that developers need to recover the class diagram from an
implemented system. This process is known as reverse engineering. A
fundamental property of reverse engineered (or simply re-engineered)
UCDs is consistency, showing that the system is realizable in practice.
In this work, we investigate the consistency of re-engineered UCDs, and
we show is pspace-complete. The upper bound is obtained by exploiting
algorithmic techniques developed for conjunctive query answering under
guarded Datalog+/-, that is, a key member of the Datalog+/- family
of KR languages, while the lower bound is obtained by simulating the
behavior of a polynomial space Turing machine.
Rulelog is in process of industry standardization via RuleML and W3C:
RIF-Rulelog specification, version of of May 24, 2013, Michael Kifer, ed. RIF-Rulelog is a powerful dialect of W3C Rule Interchange Format (RIF) that is in draft as a submission from RuleML to W3C.
Several industry standards in the areas are based heavily on our team’s contributions to the authoring/editing of the specifications and conducting the underlying research and earlier-phase standards design. These include most notably the two most important industry standards on rules knowledge:
W3C Rule Interchange Format (RIF), which is primarily based on the RuleML standards design (semantic web rules)
W3C OWL 2 RL Profile (rule-based web ontologies)
The team has also contributed to the development of W3C SPARQL and ISO Common Logic, and been strongly involved in other related standardization efforts at OMG and Oasis.
Introduction to Ontology Engineering with Fluent Editor 2014Cognitum
An introductory course for Ontology Engineering using Controlled Natural Language. Fluent Editor (FE) is an ontology editor that is a tool for editing and manipulating ontologies. The main feature of Fluent Editor is that it uses controlled natural language (CNL) to communicate with a user. Communication with CNL is a more suitable for human users alternative to XML-based OWL editors.
September 2021: Top10 Cited Articles in Natural Language Computingkevig
Natural Language Processing is a programmed approach to analyze text that is based on both a set of theories and a set of technologies. This forum aims to bring together researchers who have designed and build software that will analyze, understand, and generate languages that humans use naturally to address computers.
RuleML2015: Explanation of proofs of regulatory (non-)complianceusing semanti...RuleML
With recent regulatory advances, modern enterprises have to not only comply with regulations but have to be prepared to provide explanation of proof of (non-)compliance. On top of compliance checking, this necessitates modeling concepts from regulations and enterprise operations so that stakeholder-specific and close to natural language explanations could be generated. We take a step in this direction by using Semantics of Business Vocabulary and Rules to model and map vocabularies of regulations and operations of enterprise. Using these vocabularies and leveraging proof generation abilities of an existing compliance engine, we show how such explanations can be created. Basic natural language explanations that we generate can be easily enriched by adding requisite domain knowledge to the vocabularies.
This work introduces faceted service discovery. It uses the Programmable Web directory as its corpus of APIs and enhances the search to enable faceted search, given an OWL ontology. The ontology describes semantic features of the APIs. We have designed the API classification ontology using LexOnt, a software we have built for semi-automatic ontology creation tool. LexOnt is geared toward non-experts within a service domain who want to create a high-level ontology that describes the domain. Using well- known NLP algorithms, LexOnt generates a list of top terms and phrases from the Programmable Web corpus to enable users to find high-level features that distinguish one Programmable Web service category from another. To also aid non-experts, LexOnt relies on outside sources such as Wikipedia and Wordnet to help the user identify the important terms within a service category. Using the ontology created from LexOnt, we have created APIBrowse, a faceted search interface for APIs. The ontology, in combination with the use of the Apache Solr search platform, is used to generate a faceted search interface for APIs based on their distinguishing features. With this ontology, an API is classified and displayed underneath multiple categories and displayed within the APIBrowse interface. APIBrowse gives programmers the ability to search for APIs based on their semantic features and keywords and presents them with a filtered and more accurate set of search results.
Knarig Arabshian is an Assistant Professor in the Computer Science Department at Hofstra University, since Fall 2014. Prior to that she was a Member of Technical Staff at Bell Labs in Murray Hill, NJ. She received her Ph.D. in Computer Science from Columbia University in 2008.
Professor Arabshian’s interests lie in the field of semantic web, service discovery and composition, context-aware computing and distributed systems. The goal of her research is to drive forward the idea of a personalized web. Her work explores ways of describing data meaningfully and designing frameworks and systems for efficient data discovery. During her tenure at Bell Labs, she worked on different aspects of ontology creation, distribution and querying.
English kazakh parallel corpus for statistical machine translationijnlc
This paper presents problems and solutions in developing English-Kazakh parallel corpus at the School of
Mechanics and Mathematics of the al-Farabi Kazakh National University. The research project included
constructing a 1,000,000-word English-Kazakh parallel corpus of legal texts, developing an English-
Kazakh translation memory of legal texts from the corpus and building a statistical machine translation
system. The project aims at collecting more than ten million words. The paper further elaborates on the
procedures followed to construct the corpus and develop the other products of the research project.
Methods used for collecting data and the results are discussed, errors during the process of collecting data
and how to handle these errors will be described
Abstract:
An increasing number of applications rely on RDF, OWL 2, and SPARQL for storing and querying data. SPARQL, however, is not targeted towards end-users, and suitable query interfaces are needed. Faceted search is a prominent approach for end-user data access, and several RDF-based faceted search systems have been developed. There is, however, a lack of rigorous theoretical underpinning for faceted search in the context of RDF and OWL 2. In this paper, we provide such solid foundations. We formalise faceted interfaces for this context, identify a fragment of first-order logic capturing the underlying queries, and study the complexity of answering such queries for RDF and OWL 2 profiles. We then study interface generation and update, and devise efficiently implementable algorithms. Finally, we have implemented and tested our faceted search algorithms for scalability, with encouraging results.
Semantic Web: Technolgies and Applications for Real-WorldAmit Sheth
Amit Sheth and Susie Stephens, "Semantic Web: Technolgies and Applications for Real-World," Tutorial at 2007 World Wide Web Conference, Banff, Canada.
Tutorial discusses technologies and deployed real-world applications through 2007.
Tutorial description at: http://www2007.org/tutorial-T11.php
WebSpa is a tool that allows the quick, intuitive (and even fun) interrogation of arbitrary SPARQL endpoints. WebSpa runs in the web browser and does not require the installation of any additional software. The tool manages a large variety of pre-defined SPARQL endpoints and allows the addition of new ones. An user account gives the possibility of saving both the interrogation and its results on the local computer, as well as further editing of the queries. The application is written in both Java and Flex. It uses Jena and ARQ application programming interface in order to perform the queries, and the results are processed and displayed using Flex.
Semantic - Based Querying Using Ontology in Relational Database of Library Ma...dannyijwest
The traditional Web stores huge amount of data in the form of Relational Databases (RDB) as it is good at
storing objects and relationships between them. Relational Databases are dynamic in nature which allows
bringing tables together helping user to search for related material across multiple tables. RDB are
scalable to expand as the data grows. The RDB uses a Structured Query Language called SQL to access
the databases for several data retrieval purposes. As the world is moving today from the Syntactic form to
Semantic form and the Web is also taking its new form of Semantic Web. The Structured Query of the RDB
on web can be a Semantic Query on Semantic Web.
Semantic Annotation: The Mainstay of Semantic WebEditor IJCATR
Given that semantic Web realization is based on the critical mass of metadata accessibility and the representation of data with formal
knowledge, it needs to generate metadata that is specific, easy to understand and well-defined. However, semantic annotation of the
web documents is the successful way to make the Semantic Web vision a reality. This paper introduces the Semantic Web and its
vision (stack layers) with regard to some concept definitions that helps the understanding of semantic annotation. Additionally, this
paper introduces the semantic annotation categories, tools, domains and models
Towards Ontology Development Based on Relational Databaseijbuiiir1
Ontology is defined as the formal explicit specification of a shared conceptualization. It has been widely used in almost all fields especially artificial intelligence, data mining, and semantic web etc. It is constructed using various set of resources. Now it has become a very important task to improve the efficiency of ontology construction. In order to improve the efficiency, need an automated method of building ontology from database resource. Since manual construction is found to be erroneous and not up to the expectation, automatic construction of ontology from database is innovated. Then the construction rules for ontology building from relational data sources are put forward. Finally, ontology for �automated building of ontology from relational data sources� has been implemented
The Web is a universal medium for information, data and knowledge exchange. The Semantic Web is an extension of the World Wide Web, ``in which information is given well-defined meaning, better enabling computers and people to work in cooperation''\cite{semweb:lee}. RDF, together with SparQL, provide a powerful mechanism for describing and interchanging metadata on the web. This paper presents briefly the two concepts - RDF, SparQL - and three of the most popular frameworks (written in Java) that offer support for RDF: Jena, Sesame and JRDF.
Information residing in relational databases and delimited file systems are inadequate for reuse and sharing over the web. These file systems do not adhere to commonly set principles for maintaining data harmony. Due to these reasons, the resources have been suffering from lack of uniformity, heterogeneity as well as redundancy throughout the web. Ontologies have been widely used for solving such type of problems, as they help in extracting knowledge out of any information system. In this article, we focus on extracting concepts and their relations from a set of CSV files. These files are served as individual concepts and grouped into a particular domain, called the domain ontology. Furthermore, this domain ontology is used for capturing CSV data and represented in RDF format retaining links among files or concepts. Datatype and object properties are automatically detected from header fields. This reduces the task of user involvement in generating mapping files. The detail analysis has been performed on Baseball tabular data and the result shows a rich set of semantic information.
Electrically small antennas: The art of miniaturizationEditor IJARCET
We are living in the technological era, were we preferred to have the portable devices rather than unmovable devices. We are isolating our self rom the wires and we are becoming the habitual of wireless world what makes the device portable? I guess physical dimensions (mechanical) of that particular device, but along with this the electrical dimension is of the device is also of great importance. Reducing the physical dimension of the antenna would result in the small antenna but not electrically small antenna. We have different definition for the electrically small antenna but the one which is most appropriate is, where k is the wave number and is equal to and a is the radius of the imaginary sphere circumscribing the maximum dimension of the antenna. As the present day electronic devices progress to diminish in size, technocrats have become increasingly concentrated on electrically small antenna (ESA) designs to reduce the size of the antenna in the overall electronics system. Researchers in many fields, including RF and Microwave, biomedical technology and national intelligence, can benefit from electrically small antennas as long as the performance of the designed ESA meets the system requirement.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.