The document summarizes the evolution of several Intel microprocessors from the 80186 in 1982 to the Pentium 4. It describes the key features and specifications of each processor including the Intel 80186, 80286, 80386, 80486, Pentium, Pentium II, Pentium III, and Pentium 4. Each generation brought improvements like increased memory addressing, inclusion of a floating point unit, larger caches, and support for new instruction sets.

1. Evolution of microprocessorsIntel 4004Intel 8008,8080, 8088Intel 8086,8088, 80188Intel 80186,80286, 80386,80486… Intel Core Series Intel Pentium Series

2. 80186 Microprocessors Features :The Intel 80186 was introduced in 1982. It was based on the Intel 8086.

3. The total addressable memory size is 1MB KB.

4. Processor instructions use 16-bit pointers the processor can effectively address only 64 KB of memory.

5. 16 bit external data bus multiplexed with 20 bit address bus.On-Chip-Peripherals :Clock generator

6. Two independent high-speed DMA channels

7. Programmable interrupt controller

8. Three programmable 16-bit timers

9. Programmable wait state generator

10. Local bus controller

11. Programmable memory and peripheral chip-select logicElectrical Parameter :

12. 80286 MICROPROCESSORFeatures : The Intel 80286, introduced on February 1, 1982, (originally named 80286, and also called iAPX 286 in the programmer's manual) was an x86 16-bit microprocessor with 134,000 transistors.

13. 16 MB of memory to be addressed by the on-chip linear memory management unit (MMU) with 1 GB logical address space.

14. The 80286 provided the first glimpse into the world of the protection mechanisms, allowing Real program multitasking.

15. It has three times the performance of any other 16-bit chip on the market.Description :Frequency 4 MHz.

16. Manufacturing Process - 1.5 micron.

17. Data width 16 bits.

18. Physical memory – 1 MB (real mode), 16 MB (protected mode).