This presentation was made for the subject of computer architecture and organisation for the understanding of evolution of microprocessors and their configurations
Throughout history, new and improved technologies have transformed the human experience. In the 20th century, the pace of change sped up radically as we entered the computing age. For nearly 40 years Intel innovations have continuously created new possibilities in the lives of people around the world.
this presentation is a great to deliver in classrooms, stage or also can be used to deliver lecture on "Evolution of processor".
it is also very helpful to learn about microprocessor, directly we can say its a self pack containing all about microprocessor.
this ppt contains evolution not only on the basis of generations but also on the basis of their invention.
must gothrough it
Very helpful for IT students... Keep me remember in your prayer please...
Email Adress: Najamkhankk@gmail.com
Thanks
Here you will Learn:
what is microprocessor?
History of Microprocessor?
Types of Microprocessor?
Dual Core,
Pentium 1
Pentium 2
Pentium 3
Pentium 4
Core i3
Core i5
Core i7
A microprocessor is an electronic component that is used by a computer to do its work. It is a central processing unit on a single integrated circuit chip containing millions of very small components including transistors, resistors, and diodes that work together. Some microprocessors in the 20th century required several chips. Microprocessors help to do everything from controlling elevators to searching the Web. Everything a computer does is described by instructions of computer programs, and microprocessors carry out these instructions many millions of times a second. [1]
Microprocessors were invented in the 1970s for use in embedded systems. The majority are still used that way, in such things as mobile phones, cars, military weapons, and home appliances. Some microprocessors are microcontrollers, so small and inexpensive that they are used to control very simple products like flashlights and greeting cards that play music when you open them. A few especially powerful microprocessors are used in personal computers.
Throughout history, new and improved technologies have transformed the human experience. In the 20th century, the pace of change sped up radically as we entered the computing age. For nearly 40 years Intel innovations have continuously created new possibilities in the lives of people around the world.
this presentation is a great to deliver in classrooms, stage or also can be used to deliver lecture on "Evolution of processor".
it is also very helpful to learn about microprocessor, directly we can say its a self pack containing all about microprocessor.
this ppt contains evolution not only on the basis of generations but also on the basis of their invention.
must gothrough it
Very helpful for IT students... Keep me remember in your prayer please...
Email Adress: Najamkhankk@gmail.com
Thanks
Here you will Learn:
what is microprocessor?
History of Microprocessor?
Types of Microprocessor?
Dual Core,
Pentium 1
Pentium 2
Pentium 3
Pentium 4
Core i3
Core i5
Core i7
A microprocessor is an electronic component that is used by a computer to do its work. It is a central processing unit on a single integrated circuit chip containing millions of very small components including transistors, resistors, and diodes that work together. Some microprocessors in the 20th century required several chips. Microprocessors help to do everything from controlling elevators to searching the Web. Everything a computer does is described by instructions of computer programs, and microprocessors carry out these instructions many millions of times a second. [1]
Microprocessors were invented in the 1970s for use in embedded systems. The majority are still used that way, in such things as mobile phones, cars, military weapons, and home appliances. Some microprocessors are microcontrollers, so small and inexpensive that they are used to control very simple products like flashlights and greeting cards that play music when you open them. A few especially powerful microprocessors are used in personal computers.
A microprocessor is an electronic component that is used by a computer to do its work. It is a central processing unit on a single integrated circuit chip containing millions of very small components including transistors, resistors, and diodes that work together. Some microprocessors in the 20th century required several chips. Microprocessors help to do everything from controlling elevators to searching the Web. Everything a computer does is described by instructions of computer programs, and microprocessors carry out these instructions many millions of times a second. [1]
Microprocessors were invented in the 1970s for use in embedded systems. The majority are still used that way, in such things as mobile phones, cars, military weapons, and home appliances. Some microprocessors are microcontrollers, so small and inexpensive that they are used to control very simple products like flashlights and greeting cards that play music when you open them. A few especially powerful microprocessors are used in personal computers.
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All the processors along with there year of introduction and their clock speed, type, transistor count, and the technology of fabrication is mentioned. the picture of every processor is also attached.
The video of these slides is on youtube. Go check it out in this channel:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCSq5mPTuulVfrSVKujbrESw
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
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Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
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using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
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Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
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COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
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4. Processors
• A processor is the logic circuitry that responds to and processes the
basic instructions that drive a computer.
• TheThree primary functions of a processor are
I. fetch,
II. decode,
III. execute
5. The Basic Elements Of A Processor:
Control Unit;
Fetches, Decodes, Executes Instructions.
Arithmetic & Logic Unit;
Performs Arithmetic And Logical Operations On Data.
Registers:
Fast, On-chip Memory Inside The CPU, Dedicated Or General
Purpose.
Internal Clock:
Derived Directly Or Indirectly From The System Clock
Internal Buses:
To Connect The Components
Logic Gates:
To Control The Flow Of Information
6. Factors Affecting Performance
• Increase Clock Speed:
More the number of cycles per second the more faster it is.
• Multicore Processors:
Multiple tasks are run at the same time on different cores or tasks are split across several cores
• Increase Word Length:
Typical processor word lengths are 32bit and 64bit. the bigger the word length, the bigger the
operands and the results
• Increase Bus Width:
The wider the bus, the larger the word that can be transferred along itWhere an address or
instruction is wider than the bus, multiple clock ticks are required for processing.
7. Intel 4004
• The Intel 4004 is a 4-bit central processing unit (CPU) released by Intel Corporation in 1971
• It was the first commercially available microprocessor by Intel
• Max CPU Clock rate : 740KHz
• Minimum feature size : 10µm
• Instruction set: 4bit BCD
• Transistors 2300
• DataWidth 4
• Address Width: 12 (Multiplexed)
8. Intel 8008
• The Intel 8008 Is An Early Byte-oriented Microprocessor Designed
And Manufactured By Intel And Introduced In April 1972
• Max Clock: 0.2 MHz to 0.8 MHz
• Feature Size : 10μm
• Predecessor: Intel 4004
• Successor: Intel 8080
9. Intel 8080
• THE INTEL 8080 WAS THE SECOND 8-BIT MICROPROCESSOR
DESIGNED AND MANUFACTURED BY INTEL AND WAS
RELEASED IN APRIL 1974
• Max Clock: 2 MHz to 3.125 MHz
• Feature Size : 6μm
• Predecessor: Intel 8008
• Successor: Intel 8085
11. Intel 8085
• The Intel 8085 is an 8-bit microprocessor produced by Intel and introduced
in 1976
• Max CPU Clock rate : 3.5 to 6 MHz
• Minimum feature size : 3µm
• Instruction set: 80
• Transistors: 6500
• Predecessor: Intel 8080
• Successor: Intel 8086
12. Intel 8086
• The 8086 is a 16-bit microprocessor chip designed by Intel in early 1978
• Max CPU Clock rate : 5MHz
• Minimum feature size : 3µm
• Instruction set: x86, 16
• Transistors 2300
• Predecessor: Intel 8085
• Successor: Intel 80286
13. Intel 80286
• The Intel 80286 often called Intel 286 is a 16-bit microprocessor that
was introduced on 1 February 1982
• Max CPU Clock rate : 6MHz – 25MHz
• Instruction set: x86, 16
• Data width: 16
• Address width: 24
• Predecessor: Intel 8086
• Successor: Intel 80386
14. Intel 80386
• The Intel 80386 ("eight-oh-three-eighty-six"), also known as i386 or just 386,
is a 32-bit microprocessor introduced in 1985
• Max CPU Clock rate : 12MHz – 40MHz
• Min feature size: 1.5µm – 1µm
• Instruction set: x86, 16
• Predecessor: Intel 80286
• Successor: Intel 80486
15. Intel 80486
• The intel 80486, also known as the 486 or a higher performance
follow-up to the intel 80386 microprocessor.
• The 486 was introduced in 1989 and was the first tightly pipelined
x86 design
• Max CPU Clock rate : 16MHz – 50MHz
• Min feature size: 1µm – 0.6µm
• Instruction set: x86
• Data width: 32
• Address width: 32
• Predecessor: Intel 80386
• Successor: Intel Pentium
16. Intel Pentium
Pentium is a brand used for a series of x86-compatible
microprocessors produced by Intel since 1993
Max CPU Clock rate : 150MHz – 200MHz
Min feature size: 0.35 µm – 0.50 µm
Instruction set: x86
Cores: 1
Predecessor: Intel 80386
Successor: Pentium 2
18. Intel Pentium ii
• The Pentium II is Intel's sixth-generation microarchitecture and
x86-compatible microprocessors introduced on May 7, 1997
• Max CPU Clock rate : 223MHz – 450MHz
• Min feature size: 0.35 µm – 0.48 µm
• Instruction set: x86
• Cores: 1
• Predecessor: Pentium
• Successor: Pentium 3
19. Intel Pentium iii
• Pentium III brand refers to desktop and mobile microprocessors based on the sixth-
generation P6 microarchitecture introduced on February 26, 1999.
• Max CPU Clock rate :450 MHz – 1.4 GHz
• Minimum feature size : 0.25 µm - 0.13 µm
• Instruction set: x86
• Cores: 1
• Predecessor: Pentium ii
• Successor: Pentium iv
20. Intel Pentium iv
• Pentium 4 was a line of single-core central processing units (CPUs)
for desktops, laptops and entry-level servers introduced by Intel on
November 20, 2000
• Max Clock: 1.3Ghz to 3.8GHz
• Transistors: 42M – 188M
• Feature Size : 180nm – 165 nm
• Predecessor: Intel Pentium iii
• Successor: Intel Pentium D
21. Intel Pentium D
• The pentium D refers to two series of desktop dual-core 64-bit
x86- bit microprocessors with the netburst microarchitecture,
which is the dual-core variant of pentium 4
• The brand's first processor, codenamed smithfield, was
released by intel on may 25, 2005
• Max Clock: 2.66 GHz to 3.73 GHz
• Feature Size : 90nm - 65nm
• Predecessor: Intel Pentium iv
• Successor: Intel Pentium core
22. Intel Dual Core
• The Pentium Dual-Core brand was used for mainstream x86-architecture microprocessors
from Intel from 2006 to 2009 when it was renamed to Pentium
• Max CPU Clock rate : 1.3 GHz – 2.6 GHz
• Minimum feature size : 65nm – 40nm
• Instruction set: 86, 64
• Cores: 2
• Predecessor: Intel Pentium D
• Successor: Intel Core 2
23. Intel Core 2
• Core 2 is a brand encompassing a range of Intel's consumer 64-bit x86-64 single-, dual-, and
quad-core microprocessors based on the Core microarchitecture
Max CPU Clock rate : 1.6 GHz – 3.3 GHz
Minimum feature size : 65nm – 45nm
Instruction set: 86, 64
Cores: 1, 2, 4(2x2)
Predecessor: Intel Dual Core
Successor: Intel Core i3, i5, i7