Idle traffic management_for_n_carriers
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The document discusses traffic management for multiple carriers in 1xEVDO and 1xRTT networks. 1xEVDO supports idle state traffic distribution using hashing, while 1xRTT supports idle and call setup state traffic distribution using hashing or access overload class. The 1xEVDO idle state traffic management is implemented when the access terminal is in the monitor state. A hashing function is used to select a CDMA channel from the sector parameters message based on session seed, number of channels, and decorrelate value.
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Frame relay is a standardized wide area network technology that uses packet switching to transmit data over digital telecommunications channels. It provides cost-efficient transmission of intermittent data between local area networks and across wide area networks. Frame relay encapsulates data into variable-sized frames and leaves error correction to end points, speeding up transmission. It offers permanent virtual circuits to make connections appear dedicated without paying for a full-time leased line. Frame relay operates using fractional or full T-carrier systems and provides transmission between ISDN and ATM network speeds.
Transport layer.pptx
Transport protocols establish reliable communication between machines on a network. They provide services like error control, flow control, and multiplexing. The main transport protocols are TCP and UDP. TCP is connection-oriented and provides reliable, ordered delivery. UDP is connectionless and faster but unreliable. Both protocols use port numbers to identify sending and receiving processes and segment packet headers with fields like source/destination port and sequence numbers. DNS is an application layer protocol that maps domain names to IP addresses, enabling human-friendly web addresses. It uses a hierarchical system of root, TLD, and authoritative name servers to resolve names.
CCNA Interview.pdf
The document discusses the OSI model and TCP/IP model in networking. It covers the seven layers of the OSI model and the four layers of the TCP/IP model. It also discusses protocols that operate at each layer, including TCP, UDP, IP, ARP, and routing protocols like OSPF, RIP, EIGRP. Key networking concepts covered include ports, addressing, fragmentation, routing metrics, and dynamic vs static routing.
1x rtt traffic_management_part_i
The document discusses 1xRTT traffic management techniques in CDMA networks. It describes:
1) Using the Sync Channel Message during system acquisition to direct 2G and 3G mobiles to their respective carriers.
2) Using the Channel List Message and Extended Channel List Message in idle mode, in conjunction with a hashing function, to distribute mobiles across carriers.
3) Using the Global Services Redirection Message and Extended Global Services Redirection Message in idle mode to redirect mobiles between carriers for load balancing.
The document provides details on the hardware, software, and datafill requirements to implement each traffic management technique and how to verify their functionality.
2 gsm network structure
The document provides an overview of the architecture and components of a GSM network. It discusses the key subsystems including:
1) The Mobile Station (MS) which includes the Mobile Equipment (ME) and Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card. The SIM card stores subscriber identity and authentication information.
2) The Base Station Subsystem (BSS) which comprises the Base Transceiver Station (BTS) that provides radio coverage, and the Base Station Controller (BSC) that manages several BTSs.
3) The Network Switching Subsystem (NSS) which includes critical components like the Mobile Switching Center (MSC), Home Location Register (HLR), Visitor Location Register (
IEEE STANDARDS 802.3,802.4,802.5
IEEE 802 refers to a family of standards dealing with local and metropolitan area networks. The 802 standards specify the lower two layers - data link and physical layers. The most widely used standards are 802.3 (Ethernet), 802.4 (Token Bus), and 802.5 (Token Ring). 802.3 uses CSMA/CD access method and is the most commonly used today. 802.4 uses token passing on a bus topology. 802.5 also uses token passing but on a logical and physical ring topology. All three standards define frame formats for transmission with fields like preamble, addresses, length, data, error checking.
IEEE STANDARDS 802.3,802.4,802.5
IEEE 802 refers to a family of IEEE standards
Dealing with local area network and metropolitan area network.
Restricted to networks carrying variable-size packets.
Specified in IEEE 802 map to the lower two layers
Data link layer
Physical layer
The most widely used standards
.802.3 - Ethernet
802.4 - Token Bus
802.5 - Token Ring
COMPARISON OF ROUTING PROTOCOLS FOR AD HOC WIRELESS NETWORK WITH MEDICAL DATA
Ad Hoc wireless network that without any central controlling authority, which is a collection of mobile nodes that are dynamically and arbitrarily located in such a manner that the interconnections between nodes are capable of changing on a continual basis, so nodes cooperate to route a packet.
The purpose of the routing protocols is to discover rapid changes of the topology in such a way that intermediate nodes can act as routers to forward packets on behalf of the communicating pair .
Wcdma
This document provides an overview of CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), including its access schemes, coding, codes, spreading process, power control, handover, multipath and rake receivers. It describes how CDMA uses unique spreading codes to spread data before transmission. Receivers use correlators to despread the signal and filters to isolate the desired signal from interference. Power control is important to limit interference in this interference-limited system. Soft handovers allow connections between multiple cells. Multipath signals are combined using rake receivers to strengthen the signal.
Computer Network - Network Layer
The network layer is responsible for delivering packets from source to destination. It must know the topology of the subnet and choose appropriate paths. When sources and destinations are in different networks, the network layer must deal with these differences. The network layer uses logical addressing that is independent of the underlying physical network. Routing ensures packets are delivered through routers and switches from source to destination across interconnected networks.
REMnux tutorial 4.1 - Datagrams, Fragmentation & Anomalies
PPT Slides explains about OSI layer, Internet Protocol(IP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP) & Internet Control Message Protocol(ICMP). It focuses on Protocol Headers and the interpretation of various header fields.
PPT describes about how to detect malicious datagrams, packet filtering systems behaviors & anomalies causing due to fragmentation.
Computer networks high speed swan,atm,frame realy
Deepak John,SJCET-Pala,High Speed Switched WANs.
Frame Relay:- Back ground, Architecture, Frame Relay Layers, Frame Relay frame – LAPF core, LAPF control.
ATM :- design goals, Cell Network, Asynchronous TDM, ATM Architecture, Identifiers, ATM Layers:- ATM layer, ATM Headers, ATM Adaptation Layer:- AAL1, AAL2, AAL3/4, AAL5.
Transport Layer: Services, elements of transport protocol, simple transport protocol.
rohvjhgggghhgggggdtyffttyg_46218827462.pdf
CDMA2000 is a 3G mobile technology standard that provides improved voice quality and support for multimedia services compared to previous standards like cdmaOne. It was approved as part of the IMT-2000 3G standard and first launched commercially in 2000. Today there are over 100 million CDMA2000 subscribers worldwide. It provides data transmission speeds of up to 2.4 Mbps using technologies like CDMA2000 1x and CDMA2000 1xEV-DO. The CDMA2000 network architecture includes elements like the PCF, PDSN, and HA to support both Simple IP and Mobile IP connectivity and provide packet data services to users.
Similar to Idle traffic management_for_n_carriers (20)
COMPARISON OF ROUTING PROTOCOLS FOR AD HOC WIRELESS NETWORK WITH MEDICAL DATA
COMPARISON OF ROUTING PROTOCOLS FOR AD HOC WIRELESS NETWORK WITH MEDICAL DATA
REMnux tutorial 4.1 - Datagrams, Fragmentation & Anomalies
REMnux tutorial 4.1 - Datagrams, Fragmentation & Anomalies
Idle traffic management_for_n_carriers
- 1. Traffic Management for N Carriers Author Name Department Contact Information Wei Lou Core RF Engineering (972) 685-6514 1xEVDO standard supports AT idle state traffic distribution using Hashing function. For mixed DO data and voice networks, the multi-carriers traffic managements operate independently. DO networks only supports idle state traffic distribution using Hashing function. While 1xRTT networks support mobile idle state traffic distribution using Hashing or AccessOverLoadClass as well as mobile call setup state using MCTA. The 1xEVDO Default Idle State Protocol (DISP) provides the procedures and messages used by the access terminal and the access network when the access terminal has acquired a network and a connection is not open. This protocol operates in one of the following four states: o Inactive State o Sleep State o Monitor State o Connection Setup State In the Monitor State the access terminal monitors the Control Channel, listens for Page messages and if necessary, updates the parameters received from the Overhead Messages Protocol. The access network may transmit unicast packets to the access terminal in this state. The 1xEVDO idle state traffic management is implemented while AT in Monitor State. Each time the content of the SectorParameters message changes, the access terminal shall select a CDMA Channel from the list of channels in the message. If no channels are listed, the access terminal shall use the channel it is currently monitoring. If one or more channels are available, the access terminal shall use the hash function to compute an index into the channel list provided in the message. The access terminal shall use the following hash function parameters to obtain this index: . Key = SessionSeed . Decorrelate = 0 . N = NumChannels field of the SectorParameters message Where SessionSeed is provided as public data by the AddressManagement Protocol. The hash function takes three arguments, Key (typically the access terminal.s ATI), N (the number of resources), and Decorrelate (an argument used to de-correlate values obtained for different applications for the same access terminal). 1
- 2. Define: o Word L to be bits 0-15 of Key o Word H to be bits 16-31 of Key Where bit 0 is the least significant bit of Key. Common Algorithms and Data Structures TIA/EIA/IS-856 The hash value is computed as follows: R =∟ N ⋅ ((40503 ⋅ (L ⊕H⊕ Decorrelate)) mod 216 ) / 216 」 The SectorParameters message is used to convey sector specific information to the access terminals. ChannelCount: The access network shall set this field to the number of cdma2000 high rate packet data channels available to the access terminal on this sector. The Channel record defines an access network channel frequency and the type of system on that frequency. This record contains the following fields: Field Length (bits) SystemType 8 BandClass 5 ChannelNumber 11 SystemType The access network shall set this field of this record to 0x00. BandClass: The access network shall set this field to the band class number corresponding to the frequency assignment of the channel specified by this record. ChannelNumber: The access network shall set this field to the channel number corresponding to the frequency assignment of the channel specified by this record. 2