This document identifies risks and proposes an action plan for e-governance in India. It defines e-governance as using information technologies to improve government services and transactions between government, citizens, and businesses. The main risks are related to people, processes, technology, and resources. An action plan should include strategic approaches, policy preparation, roadmaps, prioritization, frameworks, resource management, and stakeholder engagement. The private sector and international organizations can help manage risks by providing advice, funding, and expertise to conceptualize solutions and implement e-governance projects successfully.

1. IDENTIFYING RISKS AND
PREPARING AN ACTION PLAN
FOR E-GOVERNANCE IN INDIA
Submitted To World Bank For The Project Requirements
Fulfillment Of The Mooc Course
Submitted By
Swatantra Kumar Gupta

2. IN SLIDES AHEAD…
• WHAT IS E-GOVERNANCE?
• WHY IS E-GOVERNANCE NEEDED?
• RISKS TO E-GOVERNANCE
• PREPARING AN ACTION PLAN
• THE ROLE OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN MANAGING THE RISKS
• THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITIES

3. WHAT IS E-GOVERNANCE?
• E-governance is the civil and political conduct of
government, including service provision, using
information and communication technologies.
e-Gov solution
Government Government
Transactions
Citizens
E-Government components:
 Involves process of reform in the way
Governments work, share information and
deliver services to external and internal
clients
 Clear intent of greater transparency in
functioning
 Achieving greater efficiency
 On-line delivery of services to citizens/
businesses targeting concrete benefits such as
convenient access (time and place) , less
transaction time, and lower cost.
 Harnesses information technologies such as
Wide Area Networks (WAN), Internet , World
Wide Web, and mobile computing to connect
computerized back ends that enable process
reform with front ends that service the citizens
electronically.
The resulting benefits could be more transparency,
empowerment, greater convenience, less corruption,
revenue growth, and cost reduction.

4. WHY IS E-GOVERNANCE NEEDED? BENEFITS…
FOR CITIZENS
Cost and time-savings
Certainty in getting services
Better quality of life
Ease of access of information
Added convenience – multiple delivery
channels
Possibility of self-service
FOR
GOVERNMENTS
Law & policy-making
E-government can be a catalyst
for legal reform
Faster & better formulation of
policies
Better regulation
Registration & licensing -
speedier
Taxation – better revenues
Environmental regulations –
better compliance
Transportation & police – more
transparency
FOR BUSINESSES
Increased velocity of business
Ease of doing business with
government
E-procurement
Better investment climate
Transparency

5. RISKS TO E-GOVERNANCE
TRANSFORMATION
 Degree of transformation
 Change management
 External motivation
 Following best
practice
 Engaging consultants
 Top management support
 Awareness &
communication
APPROACH
 Lack of appreciation of the
need for holistic approach
 Complexity in project
development
 Time-taking
 Lack of expertise in
adopting holistic approach
 Lack of patience
CHANGE
MANAGEMENT
 Senders & receivers of
communications must be
in sync
 Assessing the levels of
resistance & comfort
 Authority for change must
be sufficient & continuous
 Building support for
change management.
 Change is a process and
not an event

6. RISKS TO E-GOVERNANCE
•Lack of Process Models
•Status Quo-ism
•Poor Legal Frameworks
•Complex Procurement
1 PROCESS
•Lack of Political Will
•Official Apathy
•Shortage of Champions
•Lack of Skills in Govt
2 PEOPLE
•Lack of Architectures
•Lack of Standards
•Poor Communication
Infrastructure
•Hardware-approach
3 TECHNOLGY
•Budget Constraints
•Disinterest of Pvt Sector
•Lack Project Mgt Skills
4 RESOURCES
People,
Process,
Technology
and Resources
are 4 pillars of
e-governance.

7. PREPARING AN ACTION PLAN…
• Strategic vs Short Term
Approach
•Preparing a Policy
•Resource Management
•Preparing Roadmaps
•Prioritization & Identify
Quick Wins
•Frameworks, Standards &
Guidelines
•Periodic Monitoring
•Stakeholder Management
•Funds Management
•Capacity Management
•Solution
Conceptualization
•Solution Architecture
•Definition (RFP, SLA…)
•Bid Process Management
•Project Monitoring
•Quality Assurance

8. THE ROLE OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN
MANAGING THE E-GOVERNANCE RISKS
• The Private Sector will most likely be the one to implement the e-governance initiative.
• They are expected to be trusted advisors to the Government.
• They will be able to deliver if the relationship with the government is more of a
partnership rather than a service provider where there is trust and risk sharing willingly.
• The least price may not always be the right solution.
• The project requirements may need to be changed overall if need be during the
implementation phase – the government needs to respect this if the need is justified by
the implementing agency.

9. THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITIES
Communities like World Bank play a instrumental role in:
Providing financial aid for implementation of e-governance projects.
Conceptualizing the solution both at state and national levels.
 Preparation of Detailed Project Reports including “As-Is” and “To-be” Reports.
 In onboarding the system integrators and consultants for the project requirements.
 Identifying the risks and possible solution.
 Tracking the progress of the project implementation

10. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
• http://siteresources.worldbank.org/integovernment/resources/egovprinciplesjs5nov06.ppt
• http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTEDEVELOPMENT/Resources/559323-
1114798035525/1055531-1114798256329/1055556-1114798371392/Bhatnagar1.ppt
• http://www.cs.northwestern.edu/~agupta/_projects/ibm_internship/eGovernance.ppt