E-governance is the digital transformation of governance processes aimed at enhancing public engagement and improving government efficiency. It encompasses various initiatives in India, such as the National e-Governance Plan, which seeks to provide services electronically and foster accessibility, transparency, and accountability. Despite challenges in implementation, several successful projects have demonstrated the potential for e-governance to improve service delivery and reduce corruption.

1. E-Governance

2. Introduction

3. e-GOVERNANCE
DEFINITION
E-governance is defined as the transformation of (governance)
processes (resulting from) the continual and exponential
introduction into society of more advanced digital technologies. E-
governance focuses on how these new technologies can be used
to strengthen the public's voice as a force to reshape the
democratic processes, and refocus the management, structure,
and oversight of government to better serve the public interest.
Source: The National Academy of Public Administration (USA)

4. PRELUDE
• What actually is e-governance?
• SMART governance:
Simple
Moral
Accountable
Responsive
Transparent governance

5. About: E-Governance Definition
• ICT
• Efficiency
• Productivity
• Reach
• Sharing of information
• Service delivery
• Welfare

6. Background: What is Governance?
Governance
Way govt. works
Sharing of
information
Service delivery

7. Background: How e-governance
helps
Governance
Bad governance
Good governance E-governance

8. Principles of e-Government
• Build services around citizens’ choices
• Make government and its services more
accessible
• Facilitate social inclusion
• Provide information responsibly
• Use government resources effectively and
efficiently
Source: UK Government White Paper

9. How it is done in India

10. E-governeance in india
• NeGP (National e-Governance Plan)
– Plan to provide all government services via
electronic media.
• Foundation-
– Recommendations of the second
Administrative Reforms Commission
– Ministry of Communication and IT, Govt Of India

11. VISION
• 25% TARGET
• DATA WAREHOUSES IN EVERY MINISTRY AND
DEPARTMENT
• KNOWLEDGE OF IT COMPULSORY FOR GOVT. JOBS
AND PROMOTIONS
• AMENDMENTS IN CENTRAL AND STATE ACTS viz. IT
POLICY & ACTS
• DEVELOPMENT OF OSS GIVING OCL TO VAST
INFORMATION
• RECRUITMENT OF CIO IN EACH GOVERNMENT
DEPARTMENT
• COMPUTERS AS COMPULSORY FROM 5TH
ONWARDS

12. About: E-Governance target agents
citizens
Govt.
business
Government
service delivery

13. Implementation of E-goverrnance
• It is a highly complex process
– Requiring
– Hardware and software
– Networking
– Process Re-engineering
– Change Management

14. Approach and Methodology of NeGP
• Common Support Infrastructure
– State wide area network(SWAN’S)
– State Data Center(SDCs)
– Common Service Centers(CSCs)
– Electronic Service Delivery Gateways.
• Centralised Initiative, Decentralised
Implementation

15. Approach and Methodology of NeGP
• Governance
– Involves evolving/ laying down standards and
policy guidelines
– Providing technical support
– Undertaking capacity building, R&D, etc.
– Linking with Institutions like NIC, STQC, CDAC,
NISG, etc.

16. Approach and Methodology of NeGP
• Public-Private Partnerships (PPP)
• Benefits Of PPP-
– Private Sector Expertise;
– Lower Public Expending;
– Allow Private Sector absorb risks by outsourcing
development;
– Private Sector more up-to-date with technology

17. Approach and Methodology of NeGP
• Integrative Elements
– Adoption of unique identification codes for-
– citizens, businesses and property
• Programme Approach at the National and
State level
• Facilitator role of DEITY
– Serves as a secretariat to the Apex Committee
– DEITY is also implementing pilot/ infrastructure/ technical/
special projects and support components.

18. Approach and Methodology of NeGP
• Ownership of Ministries
– Various MMPs are owned and spearheaded by the
concerned line Ministries.
– Major projects like Bharat Nirman, Rural
Employment Guarantee Schemes are in link with
this.

19. Architecture and major projects

20. Mobile Phones Computers Kiosks Call Center
Television
Data Communication
Devices
Government Data
Source Data
E-Databank Office Automation
Data Processing
Applications
Processing
Citizens, Businesses, NGOs, Industries, Government
Departments
Target Segments
Conceptual Architecture
Intermediaries
(Consultants, Institutes)
Email
Data Communication
Applications
Channel
Sachivalaya Integrated
Network
GSWAN

21. TOP 20 E-GOVERNANCE PROJECTS
1.AKSHAYA
1.AKSHAYA
2.Ar.P CIC
2.Ar.P CIC
3.BHOOMI
3.BHOOMI
4.CARD
4.CARD
5.CLCs by APF(WIPRO)
5.CLCs by APF(WIPRO)
6.DIS KIOSK
6.DIS KIOSK
7.DELHI SLUM
7.DELHI SLUM
COMPUTER KIOSKS
COMPUTER KIOSKS
8.e-seva
8.e-seva
9.FRIENDS
9.FRIENDS
10.GRAMSAMPARK
10.GRAMSAMPARK
11.GYANDOOT
11.GYANDOOT
12.HEADSTART
12.HEADSTART
13.LOK MITRA
13.LOK MITRA
14.MAHITI SHAKTI
14.MAHITI SHAKTI
15.OLTP
15.OLTP
16.SAUKARYAM
16.SAUKARYAM
17.TAMBARAM MUNI
17.TAMBARAM MUNI
18.TELEMEDICINE
18.TELEMEDICINE
19.VOICE
19.VOICE
20.WARANA WIRED
20.WARANA WIRED
VILLAGE
VILLAGE

22. E-Governance
Initiative-Community level
•Developing Communities: The Gyandoot Example
• The Gyandoot project set up 31 Internet-connected kiosks in villages in a district
of central India, where 60% of the population live below the poverty line
(earning less than US$1 per day).
• Each kiosk was initially funded by the local government committee.
• It is run by a local young entrepeneur along business lines: fee are charged for
the service provided.
• Government-related services included:
1. Online application for government certificates;
2. Online filing complaints;
3. Printing of land records;
4. Access to information on government welfare schemes

23. E-Governance
Initiative-Municipal Level
Citizen Services: The E-Hyderabad Example
• An initiative by the Municipal Corporation of Hyderabad to provide services
to the community.
• First municipal country to give WAP connectivity for mobile users to access
services.
• Renewals collected via portal totaled 4.2 crores.
• Services offered are:
1. Birth and death certificate
2. Building permission
3. Trade licenses
4. Property tax payments
5. Advertisement fee
6. Market and complex rents
7. Information of ongoing works

24. E-Governance
Initiative-State Level
• CARD Project: The Andhra Pradesh Example
• Impacted 10 mil citizens in 3 years
• Documents registered (2.8 million)
• Title Searches made (1.4 million)
• Transparent system of valuation of property
• Efficient document management system
• Estimated saving of 70 mil man hours of citizen
time valued at US$ 35 mil (investment in CARD –
US$ 6 mil)

25. E-Governance
Initiative-National level
• Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs
• Ministry of Textiles
• Ministry of Chemicals And Fertilizers
• Ministry of Civil Aviation
• Ministry of Environment & Forests
• Ministry of Finance
• Ministry of Labour
• Ministry of Tourism
• Ministry of Communication
• Ministry of External Affairs
• Ministry of Information and Broadcasting

26. Evaluating E-governance in
India

27. How successful has e-governance been
in India?
State Project Ease of Use Total
Assam 10 10 10 10 10 8.9
WB Land Records – Hoogli 9 7 9 10 9 7.6
WB Tele-Medicine Midnapore 10 9 10 10 10 8.8
WB Gram Panchayat Kanaipur 10 7 9 9 9 8.6
WB 8 10 10 5 10 8
Sikkim CIC – Temi 10 9 10 8 10 8.9
Sikkim Land Records – Namchi 10 8 10 10 10 8.1
AP Rural e-seva – West Godavari 10 8 10 10 9 8.9
Delhi Transport – IP Estate 10 8 10 10 8 8.1
HP 9 9 9 10 8 8.2
HP Land Records – Suni 9 8 9 5 9 7.6
Punjab Suvidha – Kapurthala 10 8 10 9 9 8.9
Punjab Property Registration – Sang 9 8 9 10 4 7.4
Punjab Transport – Ropar 10 9 9 10 7 7.7
Center IT in Judiciary – NIC 10 9 10 10 9 8.9
Center Customs – NIC 8 8 9 10 6 7.6
Average 9.5 8.4 9.6 9.1 8.6 8.3
Simplicity of
procedure
Time Savings
compared to
manual
Affordable
cost of
service
Reduction in
Corruption
Rajiv Gandhi Computer
Literacy Program
Computer Literacy and
Training Program
Property Registration – Simla
rural

28. E-governance Best Practices
• Increased accountability
• Increased transparency
• Higher availability of public domain
information
• Reduced corruption
• Higher penetration due to automation
• Increased efficiency due to connectivity
• PROCESS RE-ENGINEERING – technology only
a tool not panacea

29. • Numerous reasons abound on the ‘death’ of an e-governance
initiative.
• The common ones are as follows:
• Pilot Project Failure
• Replication/ Implementation Failure
• Usage Failure
• Technical Failure
• Funding Failure
• Design and Concept Failure
• Lack of holistic planning: vertical and horizontal integration
(SETU case)
COMMON AREAS OF e-GOVERNANCE
FAILURES

30. Success/Failure: Factors
Core Factors Symptoms Consequences
Institutional Weakness
Insufficient Planning Unclear
Objectives
Inadequately Designed
Systems
Cost Over-runs
Human Resources
Shortage of Qualified
Personnel
Lack or Professional Training
Insufficient Support
Isolation from sources of
technology
Funding Arrangements
Underestimated Project Costs
Lack of recurring expenditure
Unfinished Projects
Higher Maintenance Costs
Local Environment
Lack of Vendor
representation
Lack of back-up systems /
parts
Lack of qualified technical
support Implementation
Problems
Technology and Information
Changes
Limited Hardware / Software
Inappropriate software
System Incompatibility
Over-reliance on Customer
Applications

31. E-governance Scalability
• Most projects till now have been pilot projects
• A few things to keep in mind
– Sustainability
– Evaluation and impact assessment
– Accountability
– Training for civil servants
– Private partnership
• Pilot, Plan, Replicate, Revise and Scale

32. Conclusion
• FINALLY STUDYING THE KEY POINTS WE CAN
CONCLUDE THAT FOLLOWING
– 35% of e-governance projects in developing regions
are complete failure; 50% are partial failures; only
15% are completely successful
– It is still worth the effort if the successful projects can
be scaled.

33. Conclusion(cont..)
• POINTS COULD BE IMPORTANT FOR WIDESPREAD
ACCEPTANCE OF E-GOVERNANCE:
1.SPEED AND EASE OF INFO ACCESS.
2.SECURE TRANSACTION PROCESS.
3.MORE OF CITIZEN CENTERED.
4.BELIEF OF PEOPLE THAT ITS NOT ANOTHER
POLITICAL DRAMA.