This document describes the design and testing of a CMOS image sensor test chip. It discusses the development of the test chip, including the circuit design using OrCAD and layout using CADstar. A VHDL code was developed to generate drive signals for the sensor using an FPGA board. The CMOS image sensor test chip was able to detect images in various lighting conditions and output digital data. The sensor was characterized and achieved specifications such as integration time, frame rate, power consumption, sensitivity and dark current. The test results demonstrated the functionality of the CMOS image sensor.
A VLSI Architecture Realisation of an Wireless Endoscopy Systemijesajournal
The main objective is to design a VLSI architecture to realize an wireless endoscopy system. This system is
used in medicinal field by recording images of the digestive system. It is developed to transfer the image data
using the RF transmission so as to avoid the pain and irritation to the digestive tract which can be caused by
the cables when using conventional endoscopes. The proposed system consists of a RF transceiver and a
CMOS color image sensor. Capturing of images is done by image color sensor. RF transceiver is used to
send the images wirelessly. CMOS color image sensor is interfaced with FPGA. Real time images captured
by the color image sensor are compressed and they are sent wirelessly by the RF transceiver. Image
compression is used since it is the best way to save the power in transmission and reception and to decrease
the bandwidth in communication. So, after capturing the image using the CMOS color image sensor, the
image is compressed. Compression is done by JPEG standard. After high-quality lossy compression, the
image is transmitted by the wireless RF transceiver. Wireless transceiver is chosen in such a way that it is
operated in low power.
Effective Area and Power Reduction for Low-Voltage CMOS Image Sensor Based Ap...IJTET Journal
Abstract— This paper presents a novel CMOS image sensor (CIS) based on 45nm processing technology. It includes a single inverter time-to-threshold pulse width modulation circuitry, capable of operating under very low supply voltage. Conventional CMOS image sensors implemented using 130nm processing technology had many advantages. But in order to incorporate additional processing circuitry, the device density increases which results in degradation in the speed of operation. Scaling of physical MOS device dimensions improves both speed and density. The leakage associated with scaling could be eliminated by re-designing the circuit. As result area and power consumption could be reduced, which is demanded by portable imaging equipments.
Automatic Real Time Auditorium Power Supply Control using Image Processingidescitation
One of the major problems in the most populated and developing countries like
India, is Energy or Power crisis. Hence, there is a pressing need to conserve power. There
are many simple ways to save electricity, like using the electric and electronic gadgets
whenever and wherever needed and switching them off, while not in use. But in places such
as large auditoriums and meeting halls, there will be a fan or an Air-conditioner keeps
running in unmanned area too, even before the people arrive. This contributes to a
considerable amount of electricity wastage. There are many ways to prevent this wastage,
like, installing IR sensors to detect people etc. These methods are quite costlier and complex
for larger areas. Hence, here we propose a new method of controlling the power supply of
auditoriums using, Image Processing. Here first we take a reference image of an empty
auditorium and any change in that reference image is detected and then according to that
change respective equipments alone are turned on. Thus power wastage is controlled. This is
dual usage system in which a camera is used for detecting people as well as surveillance
purposes. This is very simple, efficient and cheaper technique to save energy. Another big
advantage is, we can extend this up to applications like home automation etc.
A VLSI Architecture Realisation of an Wireless Endoscopy Systemijesajournal
The main objective is to design a VLSI architecture to realize an wireless endoscopy system. This system is
used in medicinal field by recording images of the digestive system. It is developed to transfer the image data
using the RF transmission so as to avoid the pain and irritation to the digestive tract which can be caused by
the cables when using conventional endoscopes. The proposed system consists of a RF transceiver and a
CMOS color image sensor. Capturing of images is done by image color sensor. RF transceiver is used to
send the images wirelessly. CMOS color image sensor is interfaced with FPGA. Real time images captured
by the color image sensor are compressed and they are sent wirelessly by the RF transceiver. Image
compression is used since it is the best way to save the power in transmission and reception and to decrease
the bandwidth in communication. So, after capturing the image using the CMOS color image sensor, the
image is compressed. Compression is done by JPEG standard. After high-quality lossy compression, the
image is transmitted by the wireless RF transceiver. Wireless transceiver is chosen in such a way that it is
operated in low power.
Effective Area and Power Reduction for Low-Voltage CMOS Image Sensor Based Ap...IJTET Journal
Abstract— This paper presents a novel CMOS image sensor (CIS) based on 45nm processing technology. It includes a single inverter time-to-threshold pulse width modulation circuitry, capable of operating under very low supply voltage. Conventional CMOS image sensors implemented using 130nm processing technology had many advantages. But in order to incorporate additional processing circuitry, the device density increases which results in degradation in the speed of operation. Scaling of physical MOS device dimensions improves both speed and density. The leakage associated with scaling could be eliminated by re-designing the circuit. As result area and power consumption could be reduced, which is demanded by portable imaging equipments.
Automatic Real Time Auditorium Power Supply Control using Image Processingidescitation
One of the major problems in the most populated and developing countries like
India, is Energy or Power crisis. Hence, there is a pressing need to conserve power. There
are many simple ways to save electricity, like using the electric and electronic gadgets
whenever and wherever needed and switching them off, while not in use. But in places such
as large auditoriums and meeting halls, there will be a fan or an Air-conditioner keeps
running in unmanned area too, even before the people arrive. This contributes to a
considerable amount of electricity wastage. There are many ways to prevent this wastage,
like, installing IR sensors to detect people etc. These methods are quite costlier and complex
for larger areas. Hence, here we propose a new method of controlling the power supply of
auditoriums using, Image Processing. Here first we take a reference image of an empty
auditorium and any change in that reference image is detected and then according to that
change respective equipments alone are turned on. Thus power wastage is controlled. This is
dual usage system in which a camera is used for detecting people as well as surveillance
purposes. This is very simple, efficient and cheaper technique to save energy. Another big
advantage is, we can extend this up to applications like home automation etc.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Stay Ahead of the Competition
Whether you need additional help designing your product for manufacturing, or just an office for you and your team to work out of while in Shenzhen, we’ve got you covered. http://svv.io/basecamp
Low complexity video coding for sensor networkeSAT Journals
Abstract Modern video codecs such as H.264/AVC give state-of-the-art compression performance. However, extensive use of optimization tools makes them highly complex and hence not suitable for wireless video sensor network. In this paper an efficient video codec with substantially reduced complexity is proposed. Simulation result shows that the proposed video codec gives comparable compression performance compared to H.264/AVC but at substantially reduced computational complexity. Keywords—Low complexity coding, Sensor network, Video coding, Wavelet transform.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
http://www.axis.com/
When an image is being captured by a network camera, light passes through the lens and falls on the
image sensor. The image sensor consists of picture elements, also called pixels, that register the amount
of light that falls on them. They convert the received amount of light into a corresponding number of
electrons. The stronger the light, the more electrons are generated. The electrons are converted into
voltage and then transformed into numbers by means of an A/D-converter. The signal constituted by the
numbers is processed by electronic circuits inside the camera.
An image sensor or imaging sensor is a device that converts an optical image to an electric signal. It is used mostly in digital cameras and other imaging devices. This paper presents a high speed simulation methodology to reduce the long simulation time problem of traditional CMOS image sensor. A method based on spice model in cadence design platform is proposed to reduce the simulation time. This results simulation time reduced from 16ms to 0.225microsecond.
This is the image sensing technology base pwerpoint presentation which highlights the basics of image sensing...
Image sensing is a technology of recognising a image or comparing a image or taking a image...
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Stay Ahead of the Competition
Whether you need additional help designing your product for manufacturing, or just an office for you and your team to work out of while in Shenzhen, we’ve got you covered. http://svv.io/basecamp
Low complexity video coding for sensor networkeSAT Journals
Abstract Modern video codecs such as H.264/AVC give state-of-the-art compression performance. However, extensive use of optimization tools makes them highly complex and hence not suitable for wireless video sensor network. In this paper an efficient video codec with substantially reduced complexity is proposed. Simulation result shows that the proposed video codec gives comparable compression performance compared to H.264/AVC but at substantially reduced computational complexity. Keywords—Low complexity coding, Sensor network, Video coding, Wavelet transform.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
http://www.axis.com/
When an image is being captured by a network camera, light passes through the lens and falls on the
image sensor. The image sensor consists of picture elements, also called pixels, that register the amount
of light that falls on them. They convert the received amount of light into a corresponding number of
electrons. The stronger the light, the more electrons are generated. The electrons are converted into
voltage and then transformed into numbers by means of an A/D-converter. The signal constituted by the
numbers is processed by electronic circuits inside the camera.
An image sensor or imaging sensor is a device that converts an optical image to an electric signal. It is used mostly in digital cameras and other imaging devices. This paper presents a high speed simulation methodology to reduce the long simulation time problem of traditional CMOS image sensor. A method based on spice model in cadence design platform is proposed to reduce the simulation time. This results simulation time reduced from 16ms to 0.225microsecond.
This is the image sensing technology base pwerpoint presentation which highlights the basics of image sensing...
Image sensing is a technology of recognising a image or comparing a image or taking a image...
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF PARALLEL TRANSMISSION VISIBLE LIGHT COMMUNICATION S...ijma
In this paper, we deal with parallel-transmission visible light communication (PT-VLC) systems using
Colour-Shift Keying (CSK). We construct a prototype of PT-VLC systems utilizing a Liquid Crystal Display
(LCD) as a transmitter and an Image Sensor (IS) as a receiver. We also propose a new colour estimation
algorithm for CSK and integrate the algorithm into the prototype. We show effectiveness of the system by
evaluating Bit Error Rate (BER) performance, Frame Error Rate (FER) performance, and throughput
performance. We also adopt a Turbo code for error correction and show its effectiveness in the proposed
VLC system.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF PARALLEL TRANSMISSION VISIBLE LIGHT COMMUNICATION S...ijma
In this paper, we deal with parallel-transmission visible light communication (PT-VLC) systems using Colour-Shift Keying (CSK). We construct a prototype of PT-VLC systems utilizing a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) as a transmitter and an Image Sensor (IS) as a receiver. We also propose a new colour estimation algorithm for CSK and integrate the algorithm into the prototype. We show effectiveness of the system by evaluating Bit Error Rate (BER) performance, Frame Error Rate (FER) performance, and throughput performance. We also adopt a Turbo code for error correction and show its effectiveness in the proposed VLC system.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
CW RADAR, FMCW RADAR, FMCW ALTIMETER, AND THEIR PARAMETERSveerababupersonal22
It consists of cw radar and fmcw radar ,range measurement,if amplifier and fmcw altimeterThe CW radar operates using continuous wave transmission, while the FMCW radar employs frequency-modulated continuous wave technology. Range measurement is a crucial aspect of radar systems, providing information about the distance to a target. The IF amplifier plays a key role in signal processing, amplifying intermediate frequency signals for further analysis. The FMCW altimeter utilizes frequency-modulated continuous wave technology to accurately measure altitude above a reference point.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
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Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.