I pv4 subneting
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This document provides an overview of IPv4 subnetting. It defines IP and IP addresses, and distinguishes between public and private IP addresses. It explains subnet masks versus prefix lengths and how to assign IP addresses. The key parts of an IP address are identified as the network ID and host ID. Specific IP address classes and private IP address ranges are listed. The roles of network IP, host IP, and broadcast IP are defined. Methods for converting IPv4 addresses and subnet masks to binary are introduced, as are CIDR and VLSM concepts.
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- 2. Content What is IP? Public and Private IP address? Subnet mask Vs. Prefix length The way to assign IP address Network IP, Host IP and Broadcast IP How to covert IPv4 to binary? How to covert Subnet mask to binary? CIDR vs VLSM
- 3. What is IP? The Internet Protocol that computing devices such as personal computers, tablets, and smartphones use to identify itself and communicate with other devices in the IP network.
- 4. What is IP? IPv4 address structure 32 bits 4 octets ( 1 octet = 8 bits) ( . ) Each octet from 0 to 255 232 = 4,294,967,296
- 5. Network portion (Network ID) : It tells us which network the device is part of . Host portion (Host ID) : It identifies that unique device within the network.
- 6. IP address • CIDR • Class A 0.0.0.0 126.255.255.255 • Class B 128.0.0.0 191.255.255.255 • Class C 192.0.0.0 223.255.255.255 • Class D 224.0.0.0 239.255.255.255 • Class E 240.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
- 7. Private IP address • Class A • 10.0.0.0/8 IP addresses: 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 • Class B • 172.16.0.0/12 IP addresses: 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 • Class C • 192.168.0.0/16 IP addresses: 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
- 8. Subnet mask Vs. Prefix length • Subnet mask is a 32-bit number which is used to divide the IP address into network address and host address.
- 9. Subnet mask Vs. Prefix length •The prefix length is another way of expressing the subnet mask. Example: 192.168.10.0/24
- 10. The way to assign IP address
- 11. Network IP, Host IP and Broadcast IP Network IP Host IP Broadcast IP 192.168.0.0/24 192.168.0.1 – 192.168.0.254 192.168.0.255 172.16.1.0/16 172.16.1.1 – 172.16.255.254 172.16.255.255
- 12. Identify IPv4 192.168.1.1/24 Network ID = Network IP 192.168.1.0 Host ID = Host IP 1 - 254 Prefix length = Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0