Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a condition where systolic blood pressure is greater than or equal to 140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure is greater than or equal to 90 mm Hg. Hypertension usually develops gradually over many years and can damage target organs like the heart, brain, and kidneys if left untreated. Risk factors for hypertension include increasing age, family history, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and certain medical conditions like diabetes. Lifestyle changes such as losing weight, exercising regularly, reducing salt and alcohol intake, quitting smoking, and following medical treatment can help prevent and manage hypertension.

1. Members: Valeska Galleguillos Consuelo Quevedo Teacher: Nathaly Espinoza University of Atacama HYPERTENSIVE HEART DISEASE

2. Hypertension was defined as the level of systolic blood pressure (SBP) greater than or equal to 140 mm Hg, or as the level of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) greater than or equal to 90 mm ​​Hg. When systolic blood pressure (SBP) is equal to or greater than 160 mmHg, usually in people older than 60 years, systolic hypertension and is considered a risk factor for disease cardiocerebrovascular DEFINITION OF HYPERTENSION

3. Hypertension is a silent and slowly progressive disease that occurs in all ages with emphasis on people between 30 and 50, usually asymptomatic, that after 10 or 20 years causing significant damage to target organs. DESCRIPTION CLINIC

4. Hypertension is accompanied by functional alterations . Some of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in hypertension are two: Changes in the cardiovascular system structural . The sympathetic nervous system. Functional Alterations

5. Biological Non-modifiable risk factors Modifiable risk factors Risk factors

6. AGE People over 65 have increased risk of hypertension sistólic. Non-modifiable Risk Factors

7. SEX Hypertension and hemorrhagic stroke is more common in menopausal women. Atherosclerotic occlusive disease type occurs more frequently in sex masculine. Non-modifiable Risk Factors

8. ETHNICITY Hypertension occurs more frequently and aggressively in blacks. Non-modifiable Risk Factors

9. HERITAGE The presence of cardiovascular disease in a family up to 2 nd degree of consanguinity before the sixth decade of life, definitely influence the presence of disease cardiovascular Non-modifiable Risk Factors

10. SMOKING The snuff is responsible for 25% of chronic disease. Smokers are twice as likely to have HTA Modifiable Risk Factors

11. ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION Consumption of one drink of alcohol increases SBP and DBP. It has been shown that daily alcohol consumption increases much more the SBP and DBP Modifiable Risk Factors

12. SEDENTARY The sedentary lifestyle increases muscle mass (overweight), increased cholesterol and Of getting hypertension. BIOLOGICAL FACTORS

13. OBESITY Being overweight is associated with six times much, the risk of high blood pressure is associated with increased risk of hypertension, and dyslipidemia BIOLOGICAL FACTORS

14. DIABETES MELLITUS Metabolic disorder leads to a change in lipid management in addition to vascular damage caused by the disease. BIOLOGICAL FACTORS

15. Treatment of choice may be non-pharmacological or pharmacological according to the state of hypertension and associated risk factors. It is important in the treatment of hypertension have an interdisciplinary health team (doctor, nurse, nutritionist, psychologists, etc.) Trained and committed to education, early detection and timely treatment of hypertension. TREATMENT

16. All adults over 40 years should regularly monitor your blood pressure. Moreover, iftheirparentsorgrandparentswerehypertensive. Many hypertensive patients have normalized their blood pressure to achieve their ideal weight. Avoidobesity How do I prevent it?

17. If your life is sedentary and physically very active, discover the pleasure of regular exercise and, if possible, outdoors, But remember to always adapt to their real possibilities, not physically do more than they can. Reduce the level of salt in the preparation of their meals. Avoidalsosaltyfoods. How do I prevent it?

18. Minimize animal fat in your diet and make it rich in vegetables, fruit and fiber. Do not smoke and avoid smoke polluted environments snuff. Invite yourpeersto stop smoking. How do I prevent it?

19. Moderate consumption of alcoholic beverages. Do not take more than one or two glasses of wine a day and, at most, one drink a week. Do not drink too much exciting drinks such as coffee, tea, etc How do I prevent it?

20. How do I prevent it? Adhere to the treatment prescribed by your doctor and do not interrupt without your knowledge. Watch for possible side effects attributable to drugs and tell your doctor. Remember that hypertension is a powerful cardiovascular risk factor is enhanced when associated with high cholesterol, diabetes or uric acid.Trycontrol in addition to their stress levels, these other risk factors listed.

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