This document discusses various hydrometeorological hazards such as typhoons, thunderstorms, flashfloods, floods, and storm surges. It provides definitions and descriptions of each hazard. The document also discusses typhoons specifically, including their anatomy, formation, categories, and why the Philippines is prone to typhoons. Key typhoon-monitoring agencies in the Philippines like PAGASA are also summarized.

1. Hydrometeorological Hazards

4. Phenomenon of
atmospheric, hydrological or
oceanographic nature that
may cause loss of life, injury
or other health impacts,
property damage, loss of
livelihoods and services,
social and economic
disruption, or environmental
damage
Hydro-meteorological
Hazard

5. Typhoon
• An extremely large, powerful and destructive
storm that occurs especially in the region of the
Philippines or the China Sea.
Thunderstorm
• Is a weather condition generally
characterized by heavy rain,
thunder and lightning and a
possibility of tornado.
Flashflood
• A local flood of short duration
generally resulting from heavy
rainfall in the immediate vicinity.
Flood
• Generally referred too as the
RUNNING and OVERLAYING of
water on land that are not ordinary
covered by it.
Storm Surge
• Escalating seawater to the coast
above normal sea level

6. El Niño
• A flow of unusually warm water
along the western coast of South
America that causes many changes
in weather in other places.
La Niña
• La Niña is a climate pattern that describes the
cooling of surface ocean waters along the tropical
west coast of South America. La Nina is
considered to be the counterpart to El Nino, which
is characterized by unusually warm ocean
temperatures in the equatorial region of the Pacific
Ocean.

7. In this lesson,
We will be able to understand the Typhoon’s:
A. Definition
B. Anatomy
C. Formation
D. Categories
We will also find out:
A. Why Philippines is prone to typhoon?
B. How a typhoon dies?
C. What are the Public Storm Warning Signals in the Philippines?

8. Trivia Question: We hear weathercasters talk about
typhoons, hurricanes and cyclones – which of the
following is the true statement?
a. Typhoons are bigger than cyclones; cyclones are bigger
than hurricanes.
b. Hurricanes are stronger than typhoons and
cyclones.
c. Hurricanes, typhoons and cyclones occur in different
geographical areas.

9. The correct answer is C.
Typhoons, cyclones and hurricanes are the
same weather phenomenon – the difference is
the geographical area where they occur. They
are tropical cyclones with regionally specific
names.

10. PAG-ASA is the agency
responsible for assessing
and forecasting weather,
flood, and other
conditions essential to
the safety and welfare of
the people. It also
conducts research &
development projects
related to atmospheric
and allied data. It now
serves as one of the
Scientific and
Technological Services
Institutes of the
Department of Science
and Technology.

11. Did You Know That
In 1963 by the Philippine Weather Bureau through the use of four
sets of alphabetically arranged Filipino women nicknames ending in “ng”
that are alternately used every four years. In 1999, the Philippine
Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services (PAGASA) held a
nationwide search for new generation tropical cyclone names. It was
dubbed as “Name the Bagyo Contest.” The result of the search which was
picked out from more than 18,000 entries was 140 no- gender-bias
names that will be used until 2016 by PAGASA.

12. Not so Fun Fact
According to the Philippine Atmospheric,
Geophysical, and Astronomical Services
Administration (PAGASA), about 20 tropical
cyclones enter the Philippine Area of
Responsibility each year.

13. What Is TYPHOON?

14. an intense circular storm
characterized by low atmospheric pressure,
heavy rain and high winds winds in a
counter-clockwise direction.
(counter-clockwise direction if northern hemisphere
and clockwise direction if southern hemisphere)

15. What are the parts of typhoon?
The main parts of a tropical cyclone are
the rainbands, the eye, and the eyewall.

17. How does a
typhoon
form?

18. A typhoon forms when
winds blow into areas of the
ocean where the water is
warm. These winds collect
moisture and rise, while
colder air moves in below.
This creates pressure, which
causes the winds to move
very quickly. ... In order for a
storm to be a typhoon, wind
speeds have to reach at least
74 miles per hour.

19. The Intertropical Convergence
Zone, or ITCZ, is the region that
circles the Earth, near the
equator, where the trade winds
of the Northern and Southern
Hemispheres come together. The
intense sun and warm water of
the equator heats the air in the
ITCZ, raising its humidity and
making it buoyant.
*Southwest monsoon winds and
Northeast monsoon winds

22. Philippine
Area of
Responsibility

23. Points Latitude, Longitude
A 5oN, 115oE
B 15oN, 115oE
C 21oN, 120oE
D 25oN, 120oE
E 25oN, 135oE
F 5oN, 135oE
Points of Philippine Area of Responsibility

24. A. If a typhoon is located at 15oN, 138oE, is it
within the PAR?
B. How about if the typhoon is at 19oN, 117oE, is it
inside the PAR?

26. Movement and Speed of Tropical Cyclone
Over the Philippine Sea, Tropical Cyclones tend to
move on a general west- northwest (WNW) direction
with an average speed of 19-20 km/hr.
Landfall
is the event of a storm moving over land after being over water. More
broadly, and in relation to human travel, it refers to 'the first land that is
reached or seen at the end of a journey across the sea or through the air, or
the fact of arriving there.

28. 1. Where did the tropical cyclone form? On
land or in the ocean?
2. In what direction did the tropical
cyclones move?
3. Which part of the Philippines was hit by the
four tropical cyclones?

29. PUBLIC STORM
WARNING SIGNALS
in the Philippines