Rodenticide Poisoning + Rat Killer paste poisoning managementVasif Mayan
Rodenticide paste poisoning
Case Study
Clinical features
Management
Investigations
Treatment guidelines
pathogenesis
N acetyl cysteine
Coumarins
other rodenticides
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a potentially life-threatening
syndrome that occurs primarily in hospitalized patients
and frequently complicates the course of critically ill
patient.
Acute Kidney Injury is is (abrupt) reduction in kidney functions as evidence by changed in laboratory values; serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen(BUN)and urine output
it involves the general principles of poisoning treatment and various basic principles of management of poisoning IT IS USEFULL FOR THE IV.PHARM D STUDENTS AND MEDICAL STUDENTS
Rodenticide Poisoning + Rat Killer paste poisoning managementVasif Mayan
Rodenticide paste poisoning
Case Study
Clinical features
Management
Investigations
Treatment guidelines
pathogenesis
N acetyl cysteine
Coumarins
other rodenticides
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a potentially life-threatening
syndrome that occurs primarily in hospitalized patients
and frequently complicates the course of critically ill
patient.
Acute Kidney Injury is is (abrupt) reduction in kidney functions as evidence by changed in laboratory values; serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen(BUN)and urine output
it involves the general principles of poisoning treatment and various basic principles of management of poisoning IT IS USEFULL FOR THE IV.PHARM D STUDENTS AND MEDICAL STUDENTS
Anesthetic consideration in smokers,alcoholics and addictsAftab Hussain
Anaesthetic consideration in smokers alcoholic and drug addicts. As an anaesthesiologist we must be aware with the problems associated with their management and interaction with anaesthetics.
Complications of anesthesia
This topic aim to provide information on some common clinical condition that occur to the patients after anesthetized required procedure
a quick review of the articles issued by WHO, CDC and other medical experts...
>>>
on its epidemiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management and prevention.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), AKA "Lou Gehrig's Disease," is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cord. Motor neurons reach from the brain to the spinal cord and from the spinal cord to the muscles throughout the body. The progressive degeneration of the motor neurons in ALS eventually leads to their death. When the motor neurons die, the ability of the brain to initiate and control muscle movement is lost. With voluntary muscle action progressively affected, patients in the later stages of the disease may become totally paralyzed.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
2. are a heterogenous group of organic substances that are primarily composed of carbon and hydrogen molecules
the most commonly ingested hydrocarbons: gasoline, lubricating oil, motor oil, mineral spirits, lighter fluid/naphtha, lamp oil, and kerosene.
Other common sources of hydrocarbons: dry cleaning solutions, paint, spot remover, rubber cement, and solvents
volatile substances(eg, glue, propellants) are commonly abused for their euphoric effects.
3. Toxicity from hydrocarbon ingestion can affect many organs
lungs are the most commonly affected.
recreational use of inhaling hydrocarbons for the purposes of creating a euphoric state is becoming increasingly common
methods used for this abuse:
1."sniffing" (directly inhaling vapors)
2."huffing" (placing a hydrocarbon-saturated rag over the mouth and nose and then inhaling)
3."bagging" (inhaling via a plastic bag filled with hydrocarbon vapors).
4. Clinical presentation
The lung is the primary site of most common toxicity Pulmonary toxicity most often occurs following ingestion and subsequent aspiration of hydrocarbon.
Respiratory symptoms (eg, coughing, gagging, choking) usually occur within 30 minutes of exposure but often can be delayed several hours.
Many patients develop a transient cough. A prolonged cough and hypoxia, however, is more concerning for aspiration.
5. Nervous system
most common CNS symptoms include headache, lethargy, and decreased mental status.
Because many of the solvents are highly lipophilic, solvent abuse causes a transient euphoria.
With prolonged exposure to n -hexane, MnBK, and possibly toluene, an axonopathy can occur. This peripheral neuropathy usually begins in the extremities and then progresses more proximally.
6. Cardiovascular
The patient may complain of dyspnea or syncope.
In addition, because of sensitization of the myocardium to catecholamines, a relatively young and previously healthy patient can present in full cardiac arrest after being suddenly startled or following strenuous athletic events.
7. Gastrointestinal
Nausea, vomiting, and sore throat are frequent but are relatively mild.
Local reactions: burning sensation in the mouth, pruritus, or a perioral rash are common and are usually mild.
Diarrhea, melena, and hematemesis are rare.
8. Labs:
Pulse oximetry should be performed on all patients to evaluate oxygenation.
Complete blood count
Chronic benzene exposure may produce either acute myelogenous leukemia or aplastic anemia.
In the acute ingestion, leukocytosis can occur.
Anemia can occur as a result of intravascular hemolysis.
9. BUN, creatinine, glucose, electrolytes, and anion gap
serum glucose level
The anion gap will most likely be normal, but in acute toluene intoxication, an elevated anion gap can be present. The presence of an anion gap, especially if associated with a profound acidosis in a patient appearing intoxicated, however, should prompt an evaluation for other etiologies (eg, methanol, ethylene glycol, salicylates).
Acute renal failure following massive hydrocarbon ingestion can occur but is rare.
hepatic transaminase levels should be done
serum creatine kinase (CK) level should be obtained, as acute rhabdomyolysis has been reported in hydrocarbon intoxication.
10. Chest radiography
Patients who are asymptomatic should not have a chest radiograph obtained immediately.
Rather, asymptomatic patients should have chest radiography performed at the end of a 6-hour observation period.
11. ECG should be done to assess for arrhythmias, especially in those individuals with suspected hydrocarbon abuse
12. Prehospital Care
should focus on decontamination, followed by immediate transport to a medical facility capable of managing such a patient.
GI decontamination has no role in prehospital care. Decontamination should focus on removing any remaining hydrocarbon that might be on the clothes or skin, in the correct clinical setting.
Patients should be kept calm to prevent arrhythmia as a result of myocardial sensitization.
All patients should have their airway, breathing, and circulation managed per routine advanced life support protocols.
Symptomatic patients should receive intravenous access and cardiac monitoring.
The hydrocarbon agent should be transported with the patient to the hospital, if this can be done in a safe manner. Bringing the substance to the hospital can permit identification.
13. Emergency Department Care
Supportive management
Asymptomatic patients should be observed with pulse-oximetry for a period of at least 6 hours. If the patient remains asymptomatic then a chest radiograph may be obtained to evaluate for aspiration.
Patients with impending respiratory failure despite supplemental oxygen may require rapid sequence intubation for definitive airway management.
If arrhythmias occur, electrolytes, including magnesium and potassium, should be replaced.
If ventricular fibrillation occurs because of myocardial sensitization, catecholamines, including epinephrine, should be avoided. In this setting, lidocaine or beta-blockers can be used.
14. Decontamination of the GI tract remains controversial.
The use of ipecac-induced emesis is contraindicated, and activated charcoal does not absorb hydrocarbons well.
Gastric lavage should not be routinely performed.
The hydrocarbons with significant systemic toxicity for which the benefits of gastric decontamination may outweigh the real risks of inducing aspiration follow the mnemonic CHAMP:
15. Camphor (toxicity is seizures)
Halogenated hydrocarbons (toxicity is arrhythmias and hepatotoxicity)
Aromatic hydrocarbons (toxicity is CNS toxicity, myelosuppression, and malignancy)
Metals (heavy metals)
Pesticides (cholinergic symptoms, seizures)
Antibiotics are given to patients who develop a pneumonitis following hydrocarbon aspiration.
Clinically, superinfection can definitely occur. Because the pneumonitis itself can create abnormal lung sounds, fever, and leukocytosis, distinguishing if these effects are because of a superimposed infection or if they are the result of the pneumonitis itself is often difficult. Any finding on CXR within a few hours of the exposure is unlikely to be pneumonia, and more likely to be a pneumonitis.
Steroids have not been proven to be beneficial.
Psychiatry consultation should be performed if deemed clinically relevan