On completion of the course, the students will be able to:
1. The impact which Civil Engineering projects have on the Society at large and on the global arena and using resources efficiently and effectively.
2. The extent of Infrastructure, its requirements for energy and how they are met: past, present and future
3. The Sustainability of the Environment, including its Aesthetics,
4. The potentials of Civil Engineering for Employment creation and its Contribution to the GDP
5. The Built Environment and factors impacting the Quality of Life
6. The precautions to be taken to ensure that the above-mentioned impacts are not adverse but beneficial.
7. Applying professional and responsible judgement and take a leadership role;
Civil engineering is the oldest branch of engineering, dealing with infrastructure projects like buildings, bridges, dams, and roads. It involves applying scientific knowledge to design, build, and maintain structures for public use. Civil engineers are concerned with providing structures like buildings, transportation networks, water and power systems that are essential to modern civilization. The document outlines several key fields within civil engineering like surveying, construction materials, geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, transportation engineering, and environmental engineering. It describes the scope and roles of civil engineers in infrastructure development projects.
The document discusses tidal power as a renewable energy source. It begins with an introduction that explains tidal power is generated from the motion of the Earth-Moon system and can be captured via barrages or tidal current systems. While costly to implement, tidal power plants have durability over 100 years with relatively low operating costs. A case study of Poland found opportunities in access to the Baltic Sea but also threats from an unstable political situation and lack of long-term energy vision. The document concludes tidal energy is predictable but current technology has severe environmental impacts, though development may reduce costs and effects on ocean life.
PERFORMANCE OF UNDERSHOT WATER WHEEL AS MINI HYDRO POWER PLANT FOR AGRICULTUR...IAEME Publication
Undershot water wheels or undercurrent water wheels work when water flows against the blade wall located at the bottom of the waterwheel. This type is suitable for installation in shallow water in flat areas. Here the flow of water is opposite to the direction of the blade which rotates the wheel. This research is an applied research that will be utilized in the regions. The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of the undershot waterwheel as a mini hydro power plant. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the performance of the undershot waterwheel is strongly influenced by the water discharge and the water level in the channel. Compared to the performance of a water wheel without a bucket and using a dynamo, the maximum water power of a water wheel without a bucket and using a dynamo is the same, namely 240.71 N at a water flow rate of 0.5833 m3 /s. The maximum rotation of the waterwheel on the water wheel without a bucket is 18.70 revolutions/minute with the maximum rotation of the waterwheel using a dynamo 15.10 revolutions/minute. The maximum power of a water wheel on a water wheel without a bucket is 1232.97watt and on a water wheel using a dynamo the maximum power is 995.60 watts. For maximum efficiency obtained at the waterwheel without a bucket of 74.296%
This document provides an introduction and overview of civil engineering. It discusses how civil engineering applies scientific and mathematical principles to improve infrastructure and living standards. It then describes civil engineering as dealing with the design, construction, and maintenance of buildings, bridges, roads, and other infrastructure facilities. The document outlines several disciplines within civil engineering, including structural engineering, transportation engineering, geotechnical engineering, water resources engineering, environmental engineering, construction management, surveying, and others. It provides examples to illustrate concepts within several of these disciplines.
This document provides an overview of clean tidal power technologies, including their economics and environmental effects. It discusses two main tidal power methods - barrage systems that utilize tidal differences to power turbines, and tidal stream technologies that extract kinetic energy from moving water. While tidal power is renewable and predictable, its major drawbacks are high upfront costs to build infrastructure and potential negative environmental impacts. Barrage systems in particular can disrupt tidal flows and harm marine life. However, the document notes tidal power's competitiveness on cost once built, and that environmental effects are site-specific. It concludes that further turbine design advances could help lower costs and minimize impacts of tidal stream technologies.
Civil engineering is one of the oldest and broadest fields of engineering. It includes designing, building, and managing infrastructure projects like roads, bridges, dams, and sanitation systems. Civil engineers work to improve quality of life through transportation networks, water systems, and addressing environmental issues. Some major areas of specialization include structural engineering, transportation engineering, geotechnical engineering, and water resources engineering. The document also lists seven iconic examples of civil engineering wonders: the World Trade Center, Eiffel Tower, Empire State Building, Statue of Liberty, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Golden Gate Bridge, and Burj Al Arab hotel.
Civil engineering is a broad field that includes many specific disciplines like structural engineering, transportation engineering, geotechnical engineering, and construction management. Civil engineers design infrastructure like buildings, bridges, roads, water treatment plants, and more. They apply principles of engineering, science, and project management to these projects. The American Society of Civil Engineers was founded in 1852 and now represents over 123,000 civil engineers. Civil engineering plays an important role in addressing issues like natural disasters.
Civil engineering is the oldest branch of engineering, dealing with infrastructure projects like buildings, bridges, dams, and roads. It involves applying scientific knowledge to design, build, and maintain structures for public use. Civil engineers are concerned with providing structures like buildings, transportation networks, water and power systems that are essential to modern civilization. The document outlines several key fields within civil engineering like surveying, construction materials, geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, transportation engineering, and environmental engineering. It describes the scope and roles of civil engineers in infrastructure development projects.
The document discusses tidal power as a renewable energy source. It begins with an introduction that explains tidal power is generated from the motion of the Earth-Moon system and can be captured via barrages or tidal current systems. While costly to implement, tidal power plants have durability over 100 years with relatively low operating costs. A case study of Poland found opportunities in access to the Baltic Sea but also threats from an unstable political situation and lack of long-term energy vision. The document concludes tidal energy is predictable but current technology has severe environmental impacts, though development may reduce costs and effects on ocean life.
PERFORMANCE OF UNDERSHOT WATER WHEEL AS MINI HYDRO POWER PLANT FOR AGRICULTUR...IAEME Publication
Undershot water wheels or undercurrent water wheels work when water flows against the blade wall located at the bottom of the waterwheel. This type is suitable for installation in shallow water in flat areas. Here the flow of water is opposite to the direction of the blade which rotates the wheel. This research is an applied research that will be utilized in the regions. The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of the undershot waterwheel as a mini hydro power plant. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the performance of the undershot waterwheel is strongly influenced by the water discharge and the water level in the channel. Compared to the performance of a water wheel without a bucket and using a dynamo, the maximum water power of a water wheel without a bucket and using a dynamo is the same, namely 240.71 N at a water flow rate of 0.5833 m3 /s. The maximum rotation of the waterwheel on the water wheel without a bucket is 18.70 revolutions/minute with the maximum rotation of the waterwheel using a dynamo 15.10 revolutions/minute. The maximum power of a water wheel on a water wheel without a bucket is 1232.97watt and on a water wheel using a dynamo the maximum power is 995.60 watts. For maximum efficiency obtained at the waterwheel without a bucket of 74.296%
This document provides an introduction and overview of civil engineering. It discusses how civil engineering applies scientific and mathematical principles to improve infrastructure and living standards. It then describes civil engineering as dealing with the design, construction, and maintenance of buildings, bridges, roads, and other infrastructure facilities. The document outlines several disciplines within civil engineering, including structural engineering, transportation engineering, geotechnical engineering, water resources engineering, environmental engineering, construction management, surveying, and others. It provides examples to illustrate concepts within several of these disciplines.
This document provides an overview of clean tidal power technologies, including their economics and environmental effects. It discusses two main tidal power methods - barrage systems that utilize tidal differences to power turbines, and tidal stream technologies that extract kinetic energy from moving water. While tidal power is renewable and predictable, its major drawbacks are high upfront costs to build infrastructure and potential negative environmental impacts. Barrage systems in particular can disrupt tidal flows and harm marine life. However, the document notes tidal power's competitiveness on cost once built, and that environmental effects are site-specific. It concludes that further turbine design advances could help lower costs and minimize impacts of tidal stream technologies.
Civil engineering is one of the oldest and broadest fields of engineering. It includes designing, building, and managing infrastructure projects like roads, bridges, dams, and sanitation systems. Civil engineers work to improve quality of life through transportation networks, water systems, and addressing environmental issues. Some major areas of specialization include structural engineering, transportation engineering, geotechnical engineering, and water resources engineering. The document also lists seven iconic examples of civil engineering wonders: the World Trade Center, Eiffel Tower, Empire State Building, Statue of Liberty, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Golden Gate Bridge, and Burj Al Arab hotel.
Civil engineering is a broad field that includes many specific disciplines like structural engineering, transportation engineering, geotechnical engineering, and construction management. Civil engineers design infrastructure like buildings, bridges, roads, water treatment plants, and more. They apply principles of engineering, science, and project management to these projects. The American Society of Civil Engineers was founded in 1852 and now represents over 123,000 civil engineers. Civil engineering plays an important role in addressing issues like natural disasters.
"Introduction to Civil Engineering" is a PowerPoint that provides an overview of civil engineering, and areas of specialization within the field, for primary and secondary students. Designed by Dr. Larry Rillet - Director of the Nebraska Transportation Center at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln - and his educational outreach team members, the aim of this PowerPoint is to provide students with further exposure as to who civil engineers are and what they do. This lesson can be paired with a "Penny Boat" activity.
The Art of Construction Staging: Design with the public in mind.
Improving mobility upon groundbreaking for major transportation and institutional projects.
This document evaluates the potential of floating solar technology to be deployed in coastal or inland areas of Malaysia. It proposes a hexagonal design for a floating solar structure with a solar panel covered area of approximately 6,890 square meters. The document identifies six potential locations around Malaysia where the floating solar structure could be installed and calculates the expected annual electricity output from installations at each site. It concludes that floating solar could be a viable renewable energy option for Malaysia due to advantages like low operating costs and minimal environmental impacts compared to other offshore structures.
This document summarizes information about hydroelectric dams. It introduces two presenters and provides details about hydroelectricity, different types of dams, advantages and disadvantages of dams, impacts of dams, and examples of major dams in India and the world's largest dam in China. Key points covered include how dams generate hydroelectricity by storing water upstream, common types of dams, economic and environmental pros and cons of dams, and specifics of major Indian dams like Tehri Dam and Sardar Sarovar Dam.
Civil engineering involves applying scientific principles to improve infrastructure and quality of life. Civil engineers design and build structures like buildings, bridges, roads, and water treatment systems to be safe, functional, and cost-effective. Their work in areas like transportation, environmental protection, and water resources management is needed to support sustainable development and economic growth. Civil engineering specializations include structural, geotechnical, transportation, environmental, and water resources engineering. Major projects require engineers to solve complex challenges, working at the forefront of technology and design.
This slide will help you to enables yours interest in Green and clean energy. As in india we have target to achive 175GW from this green and clean energy. So i introduce the concept of Solar Canal and Floating solar technology.
The Southern Delivery System (SDS) is a 50-mile pipeline project in Colorado that will provide water from the Arkansas River to Colorado Springs and other communities. Construction of the pipeline involved overcoming geological and logistical challenges, including tunneling under a railroad and allowing ATV access during construction through designated crossings. Community engagement efforts like ongoing resident communication helped mitigate disruption from the 6.4-mile section that passed through 125 residential yards. The project is expected to come in under its nearly $1 billion budget due to contracting the pipeline in sections to encourage competitive bidding.
An overview of Floating Solar Plants in Water bodiesvivatechijri
Energy demand in this era has increased which led us to go for renewable energy sources; Solar
energy with this respect can fulfill the energy demand. This paper aims at review of the existing floating solar
plants worldwide with respect to their capacity. Floating solar plants can save the area for generation. Limitations
to such power plant are land availability, land development & land acquisition, substation capacities, evacuation
also timely clearances for the project on land and évacuation. These are hurdles for completion of the project.
Most of the locations projected by the government considering solar radiation data in the country are hot and dry
regions. Though at these locations the radiation appeared to be higher, the energy yield of these points is less due
to heating of the solar panels and higher temperature of the surface of solar cells. To overcome these problems
an innovative idea has come in front for installation of solar power plants on the water that is canal tops, water
bodies, lakes, dam backwater and reservoirs, which generally belongs to the government. This paper reveals
review regarding the floating solar PV power plants installed in the world
This document contains a portfolio of landscape architecture projects by Lin Xue. It includes 9 individual projects ranging from park and public space designs to interior design. The portfolio highlights Lin's skills in master planning, site design, construction documentation, hand drawing and representation techniques. Projects include a wetland park design in Philadelphia, a farming resort in Chestnut Hill, PA, an adaptive wetland restoration in Ithaca, NY, and interior designs for a future workspace.
Floating Solar Panels A New Step towards Sustainabilityijtsrd
In recent years, associate increasing variety of states have shown interest in constructing floating solar energy plants as they seek for a renewable supply of energy. India is one amongst them. Endowed daylight all year round, India is a perfect location to construct a solar power plant. However, the recent climate conjointly causes country to lose great deal of valuable water resources from reservoirs thanks to high evaporation rates. As floating solar array systems are engineered over water bodies rather than land, they are proposed to have the extra advantage of reducing evaporation rates. thus, the utilization of floating solar systems is extremely relevant to India’s context and price exploring. Energy demand during this era has accumulated that led India to travel for renewable energy sources solar power with this respect will fulfill the energy demand. This paper focuses on an overview of solar floating panels which can be a good solution to India as the land acquisition for solar farms is limited. The paper also aims at the solar floating panels design model of Kerala which is a new start to the India’s renewable energy in water. Ar. Amber Shukla | Ms. Taruna Shukla | Ar. Shreya Rajkumar Acharya "Floating Solar Panels - A New Step towards Sustainability" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38346.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/architecture-and-planning/38346/floating-solar-panels--a-new-step-towards-sustainability/ar-amber-shukla
Civil engineering allows for the creation of magnificent structures and provides basic amenities that improve living standards. It also helps preserve historical monuments and protects lives through safety standards for construction. Furthermore, civil engineering connects the world by facilitating information and business flow through infrastructure like roads, bridges and tunnels.
Civil engineering disciplines and building classificationAnjana R Menon
This document provides an overview of the basics of civil engineering. It begins with an introduction to civil engineering and its various disciplines such as structural engineering, transportation engineering, geotechnical engineering, and environmental engineering. It then discusses the history and relevance of civil engineering in infrastructure development. The document also covers common building components and their functions, including foundations, floors, walls, doors, windows, and roofs. It provides descriptions of residential, educational, institutional and industrial buildings. Finally, it discusses site selection factors and finishes for construction projects.
IRJET- Feasibility of Floating Photovoltaics in the City of BengaluruIRJET Journal
This document discusses the feasibility of installing a 1 megawatt floating photovoltaic plant on Hesaraghatta Lake in Bengaluru, India. It first provides background on floating photovoltaics and their advantages over traditional land-based solar photovoltaics. It then describes the energy production estimation techniques used to model the potential energy output of the floating solar plant. This includes accounting for various losses. The document estimates that the floating solar plant would generate 1586 megawatt-hours of energy annually, saving over 81.586 million liters of water from evaporation. It also compares the performance ratio and capacity utilization factor to land-based solar.
Prof. E. O. E. Pereira Memorial Lecture titled "Sustainable Civil Engineering: Construction without Destruction" presented by Eng. Prof. Niranjanie Ratnayake on 9/14/2009. The lecture discussed sustainable civil engineering and highlighted several examples of sustainable infrastructure projects. It emphasized reducing environmental impacts of construction, improving environmental performance, and ensuring sustainable infrastructure is competitive in the market. Key aspects covered included ecological and carbon footprints, green building standards like LEED, and case studies of sustainable buildings and transportation infrastructure from the UK, UAE, and Sri Lanka.
SgurrEnergy India offers 360° technical advisory and engineering services during the entire lifecycle of any utility scale solar PV projects worldwide.
The Canal Solar Power Project Is Project Launched In Gujarat, To Use 19,000 Kilometer Long Network Of Narmada Canals Across The State For Setting Up Solar Panels To Generate Electricity.
The Gujarat Canal Top Solar Power Project is the first project in India to install solar panels on canals to generate electricity. It was launched in Gujarat to utilize the 19,000 km network of Narmada canals by setting up solar panels, which could generate an estimated 2,200 MW of solar power. The first 1 MW plant was inaugurated in 2012 on the Narmada branch canal in Kadi taluka at a cost of 177.1 million rupees. Installing solar panels on canals provides advantages like preventing water evaporation, utilizing existing canal land so no new land acquisition is needed, and generating more power due to cooler temperatures under the panels.
Civil engineering plays a major role in developing and managing society's physical infrastructure through planning, designing, constructing, and maintaining projects. It involves analyzing designs while considering various factors. The objective of this project was to understand all aspects of civil engineering, including its history, subdivisions, employment trends, technologies, and ethics. Civil engineering has many sub-disciplines and plays a crucial role in human development through innovations like bridges and dams. It remains an in-demand field with growing employment opportunities.
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on solar roadways as a future transportation system. It discusses how solar roadways could generate electricity through solar panels embedded in road surfaces. It outlines the various layers of a solar roadway, including a glass top layer, an electronics layer with solar cells and LEDs, and a base plate layer. The presentation notes the potential advantages of solar roadways in providing road illumination, power generation, and an intelligent transportation system, but also highlights challenges around maintenance costs and seasonal efficiency. It examines case studies of solar roadway prototypes and suggests implementing the technology in India's 100 planned smart cities could help address power issues.
This document provides an overview of civil engineering, including what civil engineers do, the different branches of civil engineering (structural, geotechnical, transportation, environmental, and water resources), and the education needed to become a civil engineer. It explains that civil engineers design structures that help people such as roads, buildings, bridges, tunnels, dams, and water treatment plants. They use computer programs to illustrate their design ideas, which then become reality. A variety of people from all backgrounds can become civil engineers.
There are many renewable sources of energy that are more environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional power sources. These include tidal power, which can be generated from tidal stream generators or barrages and has potential for future electricity needs. Wave power generates energy from the motion of ocean waves using floating devices. Solar power harnesses energy from the sun using photovoltaic cells, while wind power uses wind turbines to generate electricity from wind. Hydroelectric power utilizes the gravitational force of falling or flowing water to generate electricity through dams and other means.
Emerging trends in Renewable Energy SourcesShrutikaHajare
Renewable Energy Sources are becoming the great source of energy for each and every sector. It's number of advantages has made it, a great alternative over conventional energy sources. Therefore, the great demand of renewable energy sources signifies it's importance and necessity.
"Introduction to Civil Engineering" is a PowerPoint that provides an overview of civil engineering, and areas of specialization within the field, for primary and secondary students. Designed by Dr. Larry Rillet - Director of the Nebraska Transportation Center at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln - and his educational outreach team members, the aim of this PowerPoint is to provide students with further exposure as to who civil engineers are and what they do. This lesson can be paired with a "Penny Boat" activity.
The Art of Construction Staging: Design with the public in mind.
Improving mobility upon groundbreaking for major transportation and institutional projects.
This document evaluates the potential of floating solar technology to be deployed in coastal or inland areas of Malaysia. It proposes a hexagonal design for a floating solar structure with a solar panel covered area of approximately 6,890 square meters. The document identifies six potential locations around Malaysia where the floating solar structure could be installed and calculates the expected annual electricity output from installations at each site. It concludes that floating solar could be a viable renewable energy option for Malaysia due to advantages like low operating costs and minimal environmental impacts compared to other offshore structures.
This document summarizes information about hydroelectric dams. It introduces two presenters and provides details about hydroelectricity, different types of dams, advantages and disadvantages of dams, impacts of dams, and examples of major dams in India and the world's largest dam in China. Key points covered include how dams generate hydroelectricity by storing water upstream, common types of dams, economic and environmental pros and cons of dams, and specifics of major Indian dams like Tehri Dam and Sardar Sarovar Dam.
Civil engineering involves applying scientific principles to improve infrastructure and quality of life. Civil engineers design and build structures like buildings, bridges, roads, and water treatment systems to be safe, functional, and cost-effective. Their work in areas like transportation, environmental protection, and water resources management is needed to support sustainable development and economic growth. Civil engineering specializations include structural, geotechnical, transportation, environmental, and water resources engineering. Major projects require engineers to solve complex challenges, working at the forefront of technology and design.
This slide will help you to enables yours interest in Green and clean energy. As in india we have target to achive 175GW from this green and clean energy. So i introduce the concept of Solar Canal and Floating solar technology.
The Southern Delivery System (SDS) is a 50-mile pipeline project in Colorado that will provide water from the Arkansas River to Colorado Springs and other communities. Construction of the pipeline involved overcoming geological and logistical challenges, including tunneling under a railroad and allowing ATV access during construction through designated crossings. Community engagement efforts like ongoing resident communication helped mitigate disruption from the 6.4-mile section that passed through 125 residential yards. The project is expected to come in under its nearly $1 billion budget due to contracting the pipeline in sections to encourage competitive bidding.
An overview of Floating Solar Plants in Water bodiesvivatechijri
Energy demand in this era has increased which led us to go for renewable energy sources; Solar
energy with this respect can fulfill the energy demand. This paper aims at review of the existing floating solar
plants worldwide with respect to their capacity. Floating solar plants can save the area for generation. Limitations
to such power plant are land availability, land development & land acquisition, substation capacities, evacuation
also timely clearances for the project on land and évacuation. These are hurdles for completion of the project.
Most of the locations projected by the government considering solar radiation data in the country are hot and dry
regions. Though at these locations the radiation appeared to be higher, the energy yield of these points is less due
to heating of the solar panels and higher temperature of the surface of solar cells. To overcome these problems
an innovative idea has come in front for installation of solar power plants on the water that is canal tops, water
bodies, lakes, dam backwater and reservoirs, which generally belongs to the government. This paper reveals
review regarding the floating solar PV power plants installed in the world
This document contains a portfolio of landscape architecture projects by Lin Xue. It includes 9 individual projects ranging from park and public space designs to interior design. The portfolio highlights Lin's skills in master planning, site design, construction documentation, hand drawing and representation techniques. Projects include a wetland park design in Philadelphia, a farming resort in Chestnut Hill, PA, an adaptive wetland restoration in Ithaca, NY, and interior designs for a future workspace.
Floating Solar Panels A New Step towards Sustainabilityijtsrd
In recent years, associate increasing variety of states have shown interest in constructing floating solar energy plants as they seek for a renewable supply of energy. India is one amongst them. Endowed daylight all year round, India is a perfect location to construct a solar power plant. However, the recent climate conjointly causes country to lose great deal of valuable water resources from reservoirs thanks to high evaporation rates. As floating solar array systems are engineered over water bodies rather than land, they are proposed to have the extra advantage of reducing evaporation rates. thus, the utilization of floating solar systems is extremely relevant to India’s context and price exploring. Energy demand during this era has accumulated that led India to travel for renewable energy sources solar power with this respect will fulfill the energy demand. This paper focuses on an overview of solar floating panels which can be a good solution to India as the land acquisition for solar farms is limited. The paper also aims at the solar floating panels design model of Kerala which is a new start to the India’s renewable energy in water. Ar. Amber Shukla | Ms. Taruna Shukla | Ar. Shreya Rajkumar Acharya "Floating Solar Panels - A New Step towards Sustainability" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38346.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/architecture-and-planning/38346/floating-solar-panels--a-new-step-towards-sustainability/ar-amber-shukla
Civil engineering allows for the creation of magnificent structures and provides basic amenities that improve living standards. It also helps preserve historical monuments and protects lives through safety standards for construction. Furthermore, civil engineering connects the world by facilitating information and business flow through infrastructure like roads, bridges and tunnels.
Civil engineering disciplines and building classificationAnjana R Menon
This document provides an overview of the basics of civil engineering. It begins with an introduction to civil engineering and its various disciplines such as structural engineering, transportation engineering, geotechnical engineering, and environmental engineering. It then discusses the history and relevance of civil engineering in infrastructure development. The document also covers common building components and their functions, including foundations, floors, walls, doors, windows, and roofs. It provides descriptions of residential, educational, institutional and industrial buildings. Finally, it discusses site selection factors and finishes for construction projects.
IRJET- Feasibility of Floating Photovoltaics in the City of BengaluruIRJET Journal
This document discusses the feasibility of installing a 1 megawatt floating photovoltaic plant on Hesaraghatta Lake in Bengaluru, India. It first provides background on floating photovoltaics and their advantages over traditional land-based solar photovoltaics. It then describes the energy production estimation techniques used to model the potential energy output of the floating solar plant. This includes accounting for various losses. The document estimates that the floating solar plant would generate 1586 megawatt-hours of energy annually, saving over 81.586 million liters of water from evaporation. It also compares the performance ratio and capacity utilization factor to land-based solar.
Prof. E. O. E. Pereira Memorial Lecture titled "Sustainable Civil Engineering: Construction without Destruction" presented by Eng. Prof. Niranjanie Ratnayake on 9/14/2009. The lecture discussed sustainable civil engineering and highlighted several examples of sustainable infrastructure projects. It emphasized reducing environmental impacts of construction, improving environmental performance, and ensuring sustainable infrastructure is competitive in the market. Key aspects covered included ecological and carbon footprints, green building standards like LEED, and case studies of sustainable buildings and transportation infrastructure from the UK, UAE, and Sri Lanka.
SgurrEnergy India offers 360° technical advisory and engineering services during the entire lifecycle of any utility scale solar PV projects worldwide.
The Canal Solar Power Project Is Project Launched In Gujarat, To Use 19,000 Kilometer Long Network Of Narmada Canals Across The State For Setting Up Solar Panels To Generate Electricity.
The Gujarat Canal Top Solar Power Project is the first project in India to install solar panels on canals to generate electricity. It was launched in Gujarat to utilize the 19,000 km network of Narmada canals by setting up solar panels, which could generate an estimated 2,200 MW of solar power. The first 1 MW plant was inaugurated in 2012 on the Narmada branch canal in Kadi taluka at a cost of 177.1 million rupees. Installing solar panels on canals provides advantages like preventing water evaporation, utilizing existing canal land so no new land acquisition is needed, and generating more power due to cooler temperatures under the panels.
Civil engineering plays a major role in developing and managing society's physical infrastructure through planning, designing, constructing, and maintaining projects. It involves analyzing designs while considering various factors. The objective of this project was to understand all aspects of civil engineering, including its history, subdivisions, employment trends, technologies, and ethics. Civil engineering has many sub-disciplines and plays a crucial role in human development through innovations like bridges and dams. It remains an in-demand field with growing employment opportunities.
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on solar roadways as a future transportation system. It discusses how solar roadways could generate electricity through solar panels embedded in road surfaces. It outlines the various layers of a solar roadway, including a glass top layer, an electronics layer with solar cells and LEDs, and a base plate layer. The presentation notes the potential advantages of solar roadways in providing road illumination, power generation, and an intelligent transportation system, but also highlights challenges around maintenance costs and seasonal efficiency. It examines case studies of solar roadway prototypes and suggests implementing the technology in India's 100 planned smart cities could help address power issues.
This document provides an overview of civil engineering, including what civil engineers do, the different branches of civil engineering (structural, geotechnical, transportation, environmental, and water resources), and the education needed to become a civil engineer. It explains that civil engineers design structures that help people such as roads, buildings, bridges, tunnels, dams, and water treatment plants. They use computer programs to illustrate their design ideas, which then become reality. A variety of people from all backgrounds can become civil engineers.
There are many renewable sources of energy that are more environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional power sources. These include tidal power, which can be generated from tidal stream generators or barrages and has potential for future electricity needs. Wave power generates energy from the motion of ocean waves using floating devices. Solar power harnesses energy from the sun using photovoltaic cells, while wind power uses wind turbines to generate electricity from wind. Hydroelectric power utilizes the gravitational force of falling or flowing water to generate electricity through dams and other means.
Emerging trends in Renewable Energy SourcesShrutikaHajare
Renewable Energy Sources are becoming the great source of energy for each and every sector. It's number of advantages has made it, a great alternative over conventional energy sources. Therefore, the great demand of renewable energy sources signifies it's importance and necessity.
Hybrid Power Generation by Solar Tracking and Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (Des...IRJET Journal
This document describes a hybrid power generation system that uses both solar and wind energy. It begins with an abstract that outlines the project's main objective of designing, analyzing, and fabricating a model of a system that uses solar tracking and a vertical axis wind turbine to generate electricity. It then provides background on the need for alternative and renewable energy sources. The rest of the document discusses the various design considerations and components of the hybrid solar-wind system in detail. The goals are to create a portable, low-cost system that can provide off-grid power to remote areas or areas affected by natural disasters.
This document provides an overview of hydroelectric power. It discusses how hydropower harnesses the kinetic energy of moving water to generate electricity. Dams are constructed to store water, which is then channeled through penstocks to power turbines in powerhouses. There are three main types of hydropower plants: run-of-river plants that use natural river flows, reservoir plants that store water behind dams, and pumped storage plants that function like batteries by pumping water to higher reservoirs. Hydropower is a renewable source that provides clean energy without pollution, but large dams require significant investment and financing.
Tidal Energy the most common topic in science section and one of the most interesting topic . This slides contains the information how does actually tidal energy in generated and what are the advantages and disadvantages of tidal energy . Wave power design and how it works . This topic is mostly used as a project in schools and colleges in science section in higher schools
Global Warming has an enormous impact on melting glaciers and ice sheets. Rising
global temperatures melt glaciers increasing the amount of seawater. A large in rise sea level across the world
poses many threats. With continuous increase of rise in water level, the area occupied by land decreases. This
paper represents the study concerning floating construction to counter the ill effects of global warming in terms
of utilisation of offshore renewable energy resources and improving an awareness to construct them.
Advanced Type Civil Engineering StructuresMalay Talaviya
This document discusses different types of advanced civil engineering structures including multi-storey buildings, chimneys, dams, bridges, industrial structures, retaining walls, and hydraulic and marine structures. It provides brief descriptions of each type of structure, highlighting things like their purpose, common materials used, and important design considerations.
IRJET- A Review on Under Water WindmillIRJET Journal
This document provides a review of underwater windmill technology for generating tidal energy. It discusses how tidal stream turbines capture the kinetic energy of moving underwater currents in a similar way that wind turbines capture energy from air currents. The key projects discussed include the 1 MW twin axial-flow rotor system called 'Seagen' installed in the Bristol Channel of England, which has been a successful demonstration of tidal stream turbine technology. The document also examines the different types of tidal turbine technologies - horizontal axis, vertical axis, and variable foil systems. It provides details on the working mechanisms of underwater windmills and discusses some of the early pioneering tidal turbine projects that helped advance this renewable energy field.
Design of concrete Gravity Dam_Project B.E finalSyed Salman
This document is a certificate from Zakir Hussain College of Engineering & Technology at Aligarh Muslim University certifying that Syed Mohd Salman Naqvi, MD Gulnawaz Khan, Abdul Hannan Khan, Mohd Junaid Khan, and Adil Nishat have completed the requirements for a Bachelor of Engineering in Civil Engineering by completing their project on the "Design of a Concrete Gravity Dam" under the supervision and guidance of Dr. Javed Alam and Prof. Mohd. Athar Alam during the 2014-15 academic session. The certificate is signed by the supervising professors.
This document provides information on hydro and tidal power. It discusses how hydroelectric power works using dams, penstocks, turbines and generators to harness the kinetic energy of moving water. Tidal power similarly uses structures like tidal barrages and tidal stream generators to capture the kinetic energy of ocean tides. Both have advantages as renewable sources but also disadvantages like high initial costs and potential environmental impacts. The document outlines the basic components and functioning of hydroelectric plants and compares tidal energy to other renewable sources.
Hydro-power or hydropower harnesses the energy of falling or running water and has been used for centuries to power irrigation, mills, and other machinery. The Bernoulli equation describes the conservation of energy in fluid flows and explains how fluid velocity increases as pressure decreases in constricted areas. Modern hydropower allows generation of hydro-electric power by harnessing distant energy sources. While falling out of favor due to environmental impacts, hydropower has seen a revival as concerns over carbon emissions have grown.
The document discusses different renewable energy sources including hydro, wind, and solar energy. It provides details on how hydro power harnesses the energy of falling and running water and has been used for centuries. It also explains the basic principles of how wind turbines convert kinetic energy from wind into electrical power and lists the typical components. Finally, it outlines how solar panels work by using photovoltaic cells to convert sunlight into electricity and notes the various parts that make up a solar panel.
An alteration to rapid transit: futristics approachtheijes
This document discusses proposals to alter existing rapid transit (metro) systems to generate electricity and clean water. It proposes laying rails in a circular network with varying pier heights, collecting rainwater on pier tops. Water would flow to the lowest pier, where its kinetic energy could power a water turbine upon falling. Generated electricity and treated water could be used locally. While this could produce energy and water, the construction costs and efficiency may be low compared to existing systems.
This document discusses proposals to alter existing rapid transit (metro) systems to generate electricity and clean water. It proposes laying rails in a circular network with varying pier heights, collecting rainwater on pier tops. Water would flow to the lowest pier, where its kinetic energy could power a water turbine upon falling. Generated electricity and treated water could be used locally. While this could produce energy and water, the construction costs and efficiency may be low compared to existing systems.
This document provides information about hydropower, including:
- Hydropower harnesses the kinetic energy of moving water to generate electricity through turbines connected to generators.
- The main types of hydropower systems are impoundment, diversion, and pumped storage. Impoundment uses dams to store water in reservoirs, while diversion channels water without dams. Pumped storage pumps water between reservoirs.
- Large hydropower plants supply electricity to many consumers, while small and micro plants power individual needs. Hydropower provides clean energy but building large dams is expensive and can negatively impact communities and ecosystems. Proper management is needed to address issues.
Modelling Of Underground Cables for High Voltage Transmissiontheijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Theoretical work submitted to the Journal should be original in its motivation or modeling structure. Empirical analysis should be based on a theoretical framework and should be capable of replication. It is expected that all materials required for replication (including computer programs and data sets) should be available upon request to the authors.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science would take much care in making your article published without much delay with your kind cooperation
Hydroelectricity harnesses the kinetic energy of moving water to generate electricity. Water is collected in reservoirs behind dams and released through turbines connected to generators. Major advantages include the elimination of fuel costs and long lifespan of plants. Environmental impacts can include disrupted ecosystems and relocation of communities. Future prospects involve increasing efficiency while reducing licensing timelines.
The document discusses various sources of energy and hydroelectric power generation. It provides details on the different types of dams used in hydroelectric power stations including their structure and functions. The summary is:
The document discusses various sources of energy like the sun, wind, water, fuels, and nuclear energy. It also describes the different types of dams used in hydroelectric power stations based on their functions like storage, diversion, and debris control. Various dam structures are outlined, including gravity, earthfill, rockfill, arch, buttress, and other less common designs. The principles of hydroelectric power generation are explained where potential energy of water is converted to rotational energy by turbines to power generators. [/SUMMARY]
Hydro, Wind, Solar
Hydro power harnesses the energy of falling or running water and has been used for centuries to power irrigation and machinery. Wind power captures the kinetic energy of wind using turbines with blades that spin a shaft connected to a generator. Solar power uses photovoltaic cells made of metalization layers that harvest photons from sunlight and convert it to electrical energy. These renewable green energy sources can help reduce dependence on fossil fuels and greenhouse gas emissions.
This document discusses tidal energy conversion and provides an overview of tidal power generation in Bangladesh. It describes four main methods of tidal power generation: tidal stream generators, tidal barrages, dynamic tidal power, and tidal lagoons. It also discusses the renewability, security, and efficiency of tidal power. Specifically for Bangladesh, it examines the potential for tidal power generation at Sandwip Island, where infrastructure like flood control barrages and sluice gates already exist and could be utilized for power generation through simple technologies like undershot paddlewheels.
The document contains layout plans and drawings for a proposed three-story residential building construction project. The plans include floor plans, elevation drawings, and section drawings showing the layout of each floor and external views of the building. Dimensions and specifications are provided for construction materials and components. A total construction cost of 94,06,800 Indian rupees is listed. Land details and measurements are also given for the project site.
An ability to planning, designing, estimating, supervising, surveying, maintenance of building structure, infrastructure such as roads, railways, airport, bridges, dams, power plants, water and sewerage system and conduct experiments, as well as to examine then analyze and interpret data. I improve & protect the environment in which we live.
This document celebrates Saraswati Puja in 2021 at NSHM Knowledge Campus in Durgapur. It was produced by the Civil Engineering department using an Autodesk student version software.
This document discusses determining the alkalinity of a water sample through titration with dilute sulfuric acid using phenolphthalein and methyl orange indicators. Alkalinity is a measure of a water's capacity to neutralize acids and is primarily due to carbonate, bicarbonate, and hydroxide ions. The procedure involves adding sodium carbonate and an indicator to a water sample, then titrating with acid and recording the endpoint color changes to calculate alkalinity concentration.
EDM & GPS Surveys. Topographical, elevation and building surveys We Measure – What?
Linear
Angular
Modern Equipments
Requirements
Accuracy
Functionality
Integration
Productivity
Ease of Use
Solid waste management is a term that is used to refer to the process of collecting and treating solid wastes. It also offers solutions for recycling items that do not belong to garbage or trash. As long as people have been living in settlements and residential areas, garbage or solid waste has been an issue.
The demand of water is the amount required for a given purpose, for example liter per person per day, or mm per crop. ... The demand of water is made up authorized consumption by domestic and non-domestic consumers and water losses.
Upon completing the course, the students will be able to:
1. Define and state the scope of surveying and geomatics in civil engineering
2. Understand the basic principles of surveying and geomatics engineering
3. Apply the different methods of surveying and geomatics to measure the features of interest
4. Analyze the traditional and advanced methods of surveying
5. Evaluate the different techniques of surveying and geomatics in solving real world problems.
6. Design and construct solutions for real world problems related to surveying and geomatics.
Nshm faculty of engineering & technologyBIKIMALLIK1
plant physiology The field of plant physiology includes the study of all the internal activities of plants—those chemical and physical processes associated with life as they occur in plants. This includes study at many levels of scale of size and time. At the smallest scale are molecular interactions of photosynthesis and internal diffusion of water, minerals, and nutrients. At the largest scale are the processes of plant development, seasonality, dormancy, and reproductive control. Major subdisciplines of plant physiology include phytochemistry (the study of the biochemistry of plants) and phytopathology (the study of disease in plants). The scope of plant physiology as a discipline may be divided into several major areas of research.
Management – I (Organizational Behaviour) Ce(mc)401 m3BIKIMALLIK1
Leadership-Concept, Leadership Styles, Theories-Behavioural Theory: Ohio Studies, Michigan Studies, Blake & Mouton Managerial Grid; Contingency Theory: Fielder Theory.
Group Behaviour: Definition, Characteristics of Group, Types of Groups: Formal
& Informal; Stages of Group Development, Group Decision making, Group Decision Making Vs Individual Decision Making.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
1. What is the importance of civil engineering?
Civil engineering is an important branch among all the other
engineering branches as through construction and infrastructure a
nation can be called as developed or non developed.
Civil engineering has a great importance as without this branch of
engineering roads , buildings, canals , dams can’t be made as it is
work of a civil engineer .
Civil engineering has a great aspects in public life such as
1. Civil engineers help in making better roads for
motor vehicles.
2. Civil engineering helps in connecting two
mountain gaps through bridge construction .
3. It helps in making dams so that electricity can be
generated as we know that huge amount of
electricity comes through dams.
Therefore civil engineering is very important branch and it is very
much essential for public and nation development.
Airport Transportation-
An airport transfer is a regularly scheduled transportation service
that takes passengers from a designated airport to a hotel or other
prearranged destination. The service may also provide a return
service from a selected hotel or pick-up point to a
designated airport.
Seaports-
Seaport is a port or harbor on or accessible to a seacoast and
providing accommodation for seagoing vessels.
Ports are also important for the support of economic activities in
the hinterland since they act as a crucial connection
between sea and land transport. As a supplier of jobs, ports do
not only serve an economic but also a social function.
Different Types Of Ports Along With Their Applications
PS/2.
Serial Port. DB-25.
Parallel Port or Centronics 36 Pin Port.
Audio Ports. Surround Sound Connectors or 3.5 mm TRS
Connector.
S/PDIF / TOSLINK.
Video Ports. VGA Port.
Digital Video Interface (DVI) Mini-DVI. ...
Display Port.
River ways- River Transport. a type of transportation that
moves passengers and cargo primarily by internal waterways, both
natural, including rivers and lakes, and man-made, including
canals, reservoirs, and lock sections on rivers. River routes are
subdivided into mainline, interregional, and local. Rivers
transport material in four ways: Solution - minerals are dissolved
in the water and carried along in solution. Saltation - small pebbles
and stones are bounced along the river bed. Traction - large
boulders and rocks are rolled along the river bed. The four main
types of river erosion are abrasion, attrition, hydraulic action and
solution. Abrasion is the process of sediments wearing down the
bedrock and the banks. Attrition is the collision between sediment
particles that break into smaller and more rounded pebbles
Sea canals- Shipping canals are waterways specifically built
along major seawater routes to enable the passage of vessels.
Most of the time, these canals are constructed to connect to water
bodies including seas, lakes, and rivers, offering an alternative
route to the vessels, particularly cargo vessels.
Different Types of Water Transport
There are various types of water vehicles. These include cruise
ships, racing boats, off-road riding boats, windsurfer boats,
riverboats, jet skis, battleships, raft boats, canoes, ferries, yachts,
submarines, as well as tugboats.
Tunnels- A tunnel is an underground passageway, dug through
the surrounding soil/earth/rock and enclosed except for entrance
and exit, commonly at each end. A pipeline is not a tunnel, though
some recent tunnels have used immersed tube construction
techniques rather than traditional tunnel boring methods.
Underground Tunnels
A tunnel is an underground passageway, dug through the
surrounding soil/earth/rock and enclosed except for entrance and
exit, commonly at each end. Some tunnels are aqueducts to
supply water for consumption or for hydroelectric stations or are
sewers.
Underwater Tunnels
An undersea tunnel is a tunnel which is partly or wholly
constructed under a body of water. They are often used where
building a bridge or operating a ferry link is impossible, or to
provide competition or relief for existing bridges or ferry links.
To use this method, builders dig a trench in the riverbed or ocean
floor. They then sink pre-made steel or concrete tubes in the
trench. After the tubes are covered with a thick layer of rock,
workers connect the sections of tubes and pump out any
remaining water
Solar Chimney- A solar chimney is a type of
passive solar heating and cooling system that can be used to
regulate the temperature of a building as well as providing
ventilation. Like a Trombe wall or solar wall, solar chimneys are a
way to achieve energy efficient building design.
Solar chimneys (or thermal chimneys) are a form of passive
building design. As the chimney becomes hot, so it heats the air
inside it. The hot air rises up the chimney and is vented out of the
top, and in so doing it draws more air in at the bottom of
the chimney.
The solar updraft tower (SUT) is a design concept for a
renewable-energy power plant for generating electricity from low
temperature solar heat. Sunshine heats the air beneath a very
wide greenhouse-like roofed collector structure surrounding the
central base of a very tall chimney tower.
Wind Energy Generation- Wind power generation refers
to the technology of converting the kinetic energy of
the wind into electric power through a wind turbine. The installation
produces electricity by collecting and transforming wind power into
rotational mechanical energy to drive a generating unit
capacity of 2.5–3 MW can produce more than 6 million kWh in a
year – enough to supply 1,500 average EU households with
electricity.
How is wind energy generated?
Wind turbines operate on a simple principle. The energy in
the wind turns two or three propeller-like blades around a rotor.
The rotor is connected to the main shaft, which spins a generator
to create electricity.
Importance Of Civil Engineering In Shaping And
Impacting The World?
These global challenges range from population pressures and
growing urbanization, climate change effects, energy and water
shortages, to natural and human disasters.
The United Nation groups its response to these challenges in 17
Sustainable Development Goals. Engineering can make a direct
contribution to the achievement of many of these goals for
example:
Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and
sanitation for all
Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern
energy for all
Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable
industrialization and foster innovation
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and
sustainable
Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.
Wave Energy Generation- Wave power is the capture
of energy of wind waves to do useful work – for example, electricity
generation, water desalination, or pumping water. ... Wave-
power generation is not a widely employed commercial technology
compared to other established renewable energy sources such as
wind power, hydropower and solar power.
How wave energy is generated?
Wave energy is produced when electricity generators are placed
on the surface of the ocean. The energy provided is most often
used in desalination plants, power plants and water
pumps. Energy output is determined by wave height, wave speed,
wavelength, and water density.
Top 5 Most Unique Modern Engineering
Marvels of the World are listed here:
Akashi Kaikyo Bridge ; Millau Viaduct ; Burj Al Arab ;
Bailong Elevator ; Euro Tunnel.
Seven Wonders of the Modern World as
named by ASCE
Channel Tunnel (England & France) ; Cn Tower (Toronto) ;
Empire State Building (New York) ; Golden Gate Bridge (San
Francisco) ; Itaipu Dam (Brazil/Paraguay) ; Netherlands North Sea
Protection Works (Netherlands) ; Panama Canal (Panama)
Tidal Energy- Tidal power or tidal energy is the form of
hydropower that converts the energy obtained from tides into
useful forms of power, mainly electricity. Although not yet widely
used, tidal energy has potential for future electricity generation.
Tides are more predictable than the wind and the sun.
How tidal energy is produced?
Tidal energy is produced through the use of tidal
energy generators. These large underwater turbines are placed in
areas with high tidal movements, and are designed to capture the
kinetic motion of the ebbing and surging of ocean tides in order
to produce electricity.
Future Vision for Civil Engineering:
Innovators and integrators of ideas and technology across the
public, private, and academic sectors; managers of risk and
uncertainty caused by natural events, accidents, and other threats;
and. Leaders in discussions and decisions shaping public
environmental and infrastructure policy. Employment of civil
engineers is projected to grow 6 percent from 2018 to 2028, about
as fast as the average for all occupations. Civil
engineers conceive, design, build, supervise, operate, construct
and maintain infrastructure projects and systems in the public and
private sector, including roads, buildings, airports, tunnels, dams,
bridges, and systems for water supply and sewage treatment.
Geothermal Energy- Geothermal energy is thermal energy
generated and stored in the Earth. Thermal energy is the energy
that determines the temperature of matter. The geothermal energy
of the Earth's crust originates from the original formation of the
planet and from radioactive decay of materials.
How geothermal energy is produced?
Geothermal power plants use steam to produce electricity. The
steam comes from reservoirs of hot water found a few miles or
more below the earth's surface. The steam rotates a turbine that
activates a generator, which produces electricity.
Infrastructure
Infrastructure is the fundamental facilities and systems serving a
country, city, or other area, including the services and facilities
necessary for its economy to function.
Infrastructure habitats cover large areas and exist in
most parts of the country. If infrastructure habitats are to
become and remain important for the conservation of biodiversity,
it is crucial that their importance is assessed so that maintenance
operations can be optimized.
However, whilst megacities bring plenty of benefits, they also
pose unique challenges. Enormous and continued growth puts
significant strain on infrastructure such as power distribution,
sewage, water systems, transport, education, policing and welfare.
Smart cities use data and technology to create efficiencies,
improve sustainability, create economic development, and
enhance quality of life factors for people living and working in
the city. It also means that the city has a smarter
energy infrastructure.
Futuristic designs arei nspired by the imagination. It's
almost as if we extend the design to its surroundings and wonder
what else could be possible. It could be any area, just not about
the technology or manufacturing advancement.
Water provisioning- Provisioning Services are ecosystem
services that describe the material or energy outputs from
ecosystems. Fresh water: Ecosystems play a vital role in the
global hydrological cycle, as they regulate the flow and purification
of water. Vegetation and forests influence the quantity
of water available locally. Water provisioning is affected by
climate change when rainfall decreases, lowering streamflows, or
when warmer temperatures increase the need for water without an
accompanying increase in supply. This can accentuate water
stress, the net balance between water availability and use. Climate
change can alter the amount of water captured by cloud forests
and it can cause glaciers to melt, with massive consequences for
downstream water availability in both the short and the long term.
Water stress becomes severe when the proportion of surface
water used for domestic, industrial, and agricultural purposes
exceeds about 40%. About 2 billion people worldwide live under
conditions of high water stress, and climate change is projected to
increase these numbers. Population growth also influences future
water stress.
Why is provisioning important?
Provisioning services. Provisioning services are the tangible
products that people obtain from ecosystems. These include food,
water, raw materials, energy and genetic
resources. Provisioning services are vital in the human economy
and have often well-developed markets and valuation systems.
Futuristic Systems- Hyper loop is essentially a
train system that Musk calls “a cross between a Concorde, a
railgun, and an air hockey table”. It's based on the very high-speed
transit (VHST) system proposed in 1972, which combines a
magnetic levitation train and a low pressure transit tube.
The hyper loop concept involves a pressurized pod with a vehicle
carrying passengers or cargo up to 10 times faster than current
rail. A 35km track will be built, alongside a research and
development facility and manufacturing plant, north of Jeddah.
Some remain sceptical that hyper loop travel can become a reality.
Hyper loop is a new mode of transportation that moves freight and
people quickly, safely, on-demand and direct from origin to
destination. Passengers or cargo are loaded into the hyper
loop vehicle and accelerate gradually via electric propulsion
through a low-pressure tube.
What is innovation and sustainability?
Sustainable innovation is a process
where sustainability considerations (environmental, social,
financial) are integrated into company systems from idea
generation through to research and development (R&D) and
commercialization.
Why is innovation important for sustainability?
Innovation is absolutely critical to the new world of sustainability,
and helps to distinguish between the "leaders" and the "followers".
Leading companies have realized that within
these sustainability challenges there are opportunities to re-invent
products and services to achieve massive market advantages.
Four Different Types Of Innovation mentioned here –
Incremental, Disruptive, Architectural and Radical – help illustrate
the various ways that companies can innovate.
Examples of Sustainable Development
Wind Energy.
Solar Energy.
Crop Rotation.
Sustainable Construction.
Efficient Water Fixtures.
Green Space.
Sustainable Forestry.
Transport
Transport, or transportation, is the movement of humans, animals
and goods from one location to another. In other words, the action
of transport is defined as a particular movement of an organism or
thing from a point A to point B. Modes of transport include air, land,
water, cable, pipeline and space.
Road transport or road transportation is a type of transport
by using roads. Transport on roads can be roughly grouped into
the transportation of goods and transportation of people. In many
countries licensing requirements and safety regulations ensure a
separation of the two industries.
Railways & Metros-
Rapid transit or mass rapid transit (MRT), also known as heavy
rail, metro, subway, tube, U-Bahn or underground, is a type of
high-capacity public transport generally found in urban areas.
Urban rail transport, general types Urban rail transit – overview.
Rapid transit. High-speed rail. Elevated rail. Commuter rail. Light
rail. Tramway (or streetcar) Funicular (or inclined railway).
Hydro Solar- Solar power stands out as the process of
converting the sunlight through solar panels and into electricity.
Whereas hydropower is simply the power acquired from the
energy of moving water with the help of turbines.
Total energy of the hybrid will be the supply from the solar PV,
wind turbine and hydro. As show in the equation below
PHY = PPV + PW
PHY = PPV +PHYDRO
PHY = PW +PHYDRO
Where PHY is power generated by the hybrid system PPV is the
power generated by the solar PV system Pw is the power
generated by hydraulic turbine.
Photovoltaics (PV) is the conversion of light into electricity
using semiconducting materials that exhibit
the photovoltaic effect, a phenomenon studied in physics,
photochemistry, and electrochemistry. Photovoltaics are best
known as a method for generating electric power by using solar
cells to convert energy from the sun into a flow of electrons by
the photovoltaic effect.After hydro and wind powers, PV is the third
renewable energy source in terms of global capacity.
The International Energy Agency expects a growth by 700 - 880
GW from 2019 to 2024.