The document discusses the humanistic theory of learning, which views learning as a personal act for self-fulfillment. Key aspects include that learning is facilitated by caring educators in a nurturing environment, and that individuals have innate desires to grow positively according to their unique needs and motivations. The humanistic theory was influenced by figures like Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers, and emphasizes meeting needs for physiological well-being, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization. Advantages include a focus on personal development, while disadvantages include potentially underestimating environmental and societal influences.

1. HUMANISTIC THEORY OF
LEARNING
Nur Inayah ( 113-12-114 )
Akhmad Adri muzaka ( 113-12-139)
Dzulfikar Sauqy ( 113-11-

2. Introduction
• Humanism is a
paradigm/philosophy/pedagogical approach
that belives learning is viewed as a personal
act to fulfil one’s petential
• Humanistic “theories” of learning tend to be
highly value-driven and hence more like
presciptions ( about what ought to happen )
rather then descriptions ( of what does
happen )

3. • Humanistic theories is the theory that closed
with humanistic phsycology. Humanistic
theory is third force after behaviourism and
phsycodinamic theory on the learning.
• The theory of teaching is rooted from the
basis of the theory of human nature
• In this theory, each individual is unique and
that all individuals have a desire to grow in a
positive way.

4. Important figure of the theory
1. Abraham Maslow
An American psychologist
and an a pshycology
professor. Born at April 1,
1908 on Brooklyn, New York.
He was the first of seven children
born to his parents.
To satisfy his parents, he first studied law at the City College
of New York (CCNY).
After three semesters, he transferred to Cornell, and then back to CCNY.
BA in 1930, MA in 1931, and PhD in 1934, all in psychology,
and all from the University of Wisconsin.
Work with monkeys early in his career
Some needs take precedence over others, e.g. taking care of the thirst over hunger.
Thirst is a “stronger” need than hunger.
( wikipedia.com/abrahammaslow/.html )

5. 2. Carl Rogers
Carl grew up on a farm in Illinois, developing an interest in biology & agriculture.
Expressing emotions was not allowed in the Rogers household & it took its toll on Carl who
developed an ulcer at 15.
Rogers went to the University of Wisconsin to study agriculture in 1919.
He finished his degree and left for Union Theological Seminary in NY to become a minister.
1926 left seminary to study psychology.
Rogers believed that humans are basically good.
He argued that we have an innate drive to reach an optimal sense of ourselves & satisfaction
with our lives
wikipedia.com/carlrogers/.html

6. Humanstic Ideas of Learning
• Learning occurs on the basis of a person’s
motivation, derived from needs, the desire to
grow in positive ways, self-concept, and
subjective feelings.
• Learning is facilitated by caring facilitators and
a nurturing environment that encourage
spontaneity, creativity, emotional expression,
and positive choices.
• According to the Maslow, Humanistic theory
included five types of needs

8. Physiological Needs
• Needs for food, water, air, etc.
• One function of civilization is to satisfy these
needs so we can focus on the higher ones
• Behavioral research usually studies at this
level

9. Safety Needs
• Needs for safety, order, security, etc.
• Focused on after physiological needs met
• Most commonly seen in children
• Seen in some mental disorders (e.g., Obsessive-
Compulsive Disorder, Anxiety Disorders,
Dependent Personality Disorder)

10. Love & belonging Needs
• The need for affiliation, for friends, supportive
family, group identification, intimate
relationships
• This level and higher ones often not satisfied
even in affluent countries
• These needs being unfulfilled at the root of
many mental disturbances (depression,
Borderline Personality Disorder)
• Need to receive and to give love

11. Esteem Needs
• Need to be held in high regard by self and
others (not just “self-esteem”)
• comes from mastery, achievement, adequacy,
feelings of competence, confidence,
independence
• Ideally this need met by the deserved respect
of others

12. Self-actualization Needs
• A person must actualize, that is make real,
what exists inside them as a potential
• A person must remarkable and individuals to
growth

13. Advantages of humanistic Theory
• Focuses on honesty, Integrity, manners,
respect for others, & accepting responsibility
for self-development
• Students engage in all aspects of learning
experiences—teachable moments
• Appropriate for learning critical thinking,
problem solving, & different points of view
• Taking the relationship between teachers and
students and teaching style into consideration

14. Disadvantages of Humanistic Theory
• Emphasizing the student’s potential unilaterally,
ignoring the effect of environment and education
• Emphasizing the center position of students
excessively, influencing the sufficiency of
education and teaching
• Extending the students’ interest and hobby
excessively, underestimating the power of society
and education
• Underestimating the effect of teacher

15. • Humanistic Learning studies human needs and
interests with the intent of providing some all-round
basis for personal growth and
development.
• The purpose of humanistic on education is to
provide a foundation for personal growth and
development so that learning will continue
throughout life in a self-directed manner
(DeCarvalho, 1991).

16. Five Basic Objectives of Humanistic
• Promote positive self-direction and independence
(development of the regulatory system);
• develop the ability to take responsibility for what is
learned (regulatory and affective systems);
• Develop creativity (divergent thinking aspect of
cognition);
• Curiosity (exploratory behavior, a function of
imbalance or dissonance in any of the systems); and
• An interest in the arts (primarily to develop the
affective/emotional system).
(gage and berliner, 1991 )

17. Human Principles of Learning
• Students should be able to choose what they
wants to learn
• The goal of education should be foster students’
desire to learn and teach them how to learn
• Humanistic educators believe that grades are
irrelevant and that only self-evaluation is
meaningful
• Humanistic educators believe that both feelings
and knowledge are important learning process
• Humanistic education insist that school needs

18. Humant Dynamics
• Education motivates student to develop their
potential & progress to self-actualization
• Motivation: needs, desire to grow, self-concept
• Educator: act as facilitator who respects learner’s
uniqueness and provides freedom to feel,
express, and grow creatively
• Transfer: positive or negative feelings and choices
as well as freedom to learn, promote, or inhibit
transfer

19. Application Humanistic Theory on the
Learning
• Teachers as fasilitator to students on the learning
process.
• Teacher chooses and enforces his choice, and
student comply
• Teacher chooses the program content, and
student adapt to it
• Teacher acts and students have the illusion of
acting trhough the action of he teacher
• Teacher is subject the learning process, while the
puplis are mere objects