This document appears to be notes from a university class on human perspective in artificial intelligence. It includes an agenda for the class that covers control and influence, influence tactics, and emotions. There is also discussion of exams, required reading, and influence tactics used consciously or subconsciously in communication and persuasion. Various influence tactics are defined, including rationalization, blaming others, denial, minimizing, and lying. The class will next cover specific emotions.

1. CIIC 5995-100 / ICOM 5995-100
Human Perspective in Artificial Intelligence
(HPAI)
Professor José Meléndez, PhD
“The pen is mightier than the sword” - Edward Bulwer-Lytton (1803-1873)

2. Today
• Review & Logistics
• Control & Influence
• Influence Tactics
• Emotions I-II-III-IV
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3. Report & Last Homework
• Project Report & Software
• “Mini Mind Modules – Inner Robots & Bias”
• Subject to Due Dates Vote (see next slide)
• Homework #5 (the last homework)
• Influence Tactics & Emotions
• Subject to Due Dates Vote (see next slide)

4. Due Dates Vote
q Option 1:
• Project Report & Software due Wednesday, May 6, 2020
by 11:59PM
• Homework #5 (last homework) due Monday May 18,
2020 by 11:59PM
ü Option 2:
• Project Report & Software due Friday May 15, 2020 by
11:59PM
• Homework #5 (last homework) due Wednesday, May 6,
2020 by 11:59PM

5. Exam
Exam #2 (Half Graded)
• Cellular Memory Mechanisms – One or More “States”
• Analog v Digital – Continuous v Discrete “States”
• Mini-Module Prediction Accuracy (Surprise)

6. Discussion of Exam #2 Results (partial)
Brain Cells & Memory - Analog & Digital
Brain Inter-Cellular Communication
Prediction Error and Expectations
Mini-Module Concept Application – Fast
• Simplifies Reality
• Fabricates Reality (Fills in Blanks)

7. Exam #2: Cells - Generally
https://www.scienceabc.com/pure-sciences/what-is-cytosol-how-is-it-different-from-cytoplasm.html
• Cytosol is fluid inside living cell
• Cytoplasm consists of cytosol and insoluble suspended
particles (e.g., ribosomes)
120 nm
COVID-19

8. Exam #2: Cellular Biology Summary
• Brain Cells have a Nucleus
• The Nucleus has Chromosomes
• The Chromosomes are comprised of DNA
• DNA is comprised of Genes (and noncoding DNA)
• Genes encode mRNA
• mRNA is used in Ribosomes with tRNA to make proteins.
• Proteins are the spice of life.
• Memory could be formed by any or all of the cell parts
starting from the DNA to the proteins to the dendrites/axons -
either in composition, concentrations, connections, or even in
physical shape.
• Cellular memory could be digital, analog, or both.

9. Exam #2: Base 4 Numerical System - Encoding
https://www.scienceabc.com/pure-sciences/what-is-cytosol-how-is-it-different-from-cytoplasm.html
• A, C, G, T corresponding to 0, 1, 2, 3
• AGTAACGT = 02300123
• Base 2 is Binary
• A, C, G, T corresponding to 00, 01, 10, 11
• AGTAACGT = 0010110000011011
• If 0s and 1s can store any image, sound or other data, then so
can DNA
• In Hexadecimal AGTAACGT = 2C1B
• But DNA appears to “act” through Genes which are comprised
of many more base pairs (from ~102 to ~105)

10. Exam #2: Brain Cells - Dendrites
• 3 Dimensional geometry could store Information
• Also composition, length, width, connectivity,…
• Alternatively dendrites could comprise analog memory
0
1
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
Side View Top View

11. Required Reading - Pace yourself
• Influence Tactics by Dr. George Simon Jr. (on Moodle)
• Excerpt of Chapter 6 of Character Disturbance: The
Phenomenon of Our Age
• The kinds of things we want AI to help us with.
• How Emotions are Made: The Secret Life of the Brain
• Chapter 6: How the Brain Makes Emotions
• Chapter 7: Emotions as Social Reality
• Chapter 8: A New View of Human Nature
• Chapter 9: Mastering Your Emotions
• Chapter 13: From Brain to Mind: The New Frontier
• The brain integrates, “so much information from multiple sources
so efficiently that it can support consciousness.”

12. Comment on Dr. Simon’s Influence Tactics
• Required (Previously Assigned): Influence Tactics
(on Moodle); Excerpt of Chapter 6 of Character
Disturbance: The Phenomenon of Our Age
• The kinds of things we want AI to help us with.
• The book is about clinically disturbed people.
• HOWEVER, the noted behaviors are present in most
people to a lesser extent or extreme.
• It is normal if you recognize that you exhibit several of these
noted influence tactics.
• It is normal if you recognize that others exhibit the noted
influence tactics.
• What changes when we are more aware of the influence
tactics of others? Of ourselves?

13. Next Up
• Control & Influence
• Influence Tactics
• Emotions I-II-III-IV ScanQR Code to Verify your Class Attendance
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14. Influence Tactics
DISCUSSION
Do Others control Us or merely influence Us?
The Society of Mind, Marvin Minsky, p. 59. (Modified)
Control?

15. Artificially Intelligent Systems
DISCUSSION
Will Humans control AI Systems or merely influence Them?
The Society of Mind, Marvin Minsky, p. 59. (Modified)
Control?
Artificially Intelligent System

16. Recall: Types of Occurrences
• Direct Occurrence: A very specific circumstance that happens
and that you can touch/hear/see/taste/smell in the moment;
therefore, it may influence your perspective immediately.
• Internal Occurrence: A very specific circumstance that
happens entirely inside of you involving thoughts, feelings
and/or emotions. It may influence your perspective
immediately.

17. Next Up
• Influence Tactics
• Emotions I-II-III-IV
ScanQR Code to Verify your Class Attendance
https://forms.gle/newZj7do8D6KVPwz8
https://forms.gle/newZj7do8D6KVPwz8

18. Next Up
• Influence Tactics
• Emotions I-II-III-IV

19. Influence Tactics
1. Rationalization (making excuses):
Justifying a behavior or making an excuse for something you
know is regarded as wrong.
2. Externalizing the Blame (Blaming others):
Blaming your misbehavior on someone or something else.
3. Denial:
Unwillingness to admit you have done anything wrong.
4. Minimizing:
Portraying something important to be of lesser importance
5. Lying:
Not telling the truth – lying by distortion, omission or
vagueness
Conscious and/or Subconscious?

20. Influence Tactics
6. Bullying:
Using anger or rage to obtain submission through fear.
7. Covert Intimidation:
Subtle or implied threats of bad consequences to another.
8. Evasion:
Avoiding a subject or an issue brought up.
9. Diversion (deflecting or shifting focus):
Deflecting attention from yourself to someone else.
10. Giving Assent (“Your right.”):
Acting as if to agree or to concede a point.
Conscious and/or Subconscious?

21. Influence Tactics
11. Posturing:
“Challenging” the legitimacy of another’s view or position.
12. Playing the Victim:
Acting as a victim of an injustice to elicit sympathy.
13. Feigning Ignorance or Confusion:
Acting as if to not understand or to not know in order to
cause doubts.
14. Feigning Innocence:
Acting as if to have done nothing wrong or on purpose.
15. Playing the Servant:
Acting as if you are only trying to help or care for another
Conscious and/or Subconscious?

22. Influence Tactics
16. Seduction:
Flatter with false praise or compliments to gain favor.
17. Shaming (Embarrassing):
Creating awareness of another’s bad or foolish behavior.
18. Guilt-Tripping:
Convincing another that they have done something very
wrong or unacceptable.
19. Vilifying the Victim:
Ascribing ill behavior and intent to an innocent and/or victim.
20. Selective Attention:
Paying attention only to what suits (lo que le conviene).
Conscious and/or Subconscious?

23. Influence Tactics
21. Hypervigilance:
Chronically questioning the motives of others.
22. Conning and Contracting:
Making deceptive deals to get the cooperation of others.
23. Escaping on a “Technicality”:
Focusing attention on small or unimportant details.
24. False Concessioning:
Making a small admission or conceding a minor point to another.
25. Leveling:
Establishing one’s character at least to the level of another’s.
26. Manipulation by Insinuation:
Misleading by parsing words in a calculated manner.
Conscious and/or Subconscious?

24. Next Up
• Emotions I-II-III-IV