Holistic Counseling is an approach that helps clients to heal by taking the entire human being and their life experiences into consideration for assessment and treatment purposes.
I'm sharing this PPT which I had presented in my university as a part of my assignments. This PPT can be helpful for students of psychology to prepare their notes. It is brief, covers major points of the topic. Hope people like it.
Individual, group, marital, and family counseling can help people with various personal and relational issues. Individual counseling allows a one-on-one discussion between a counselor and client to explore feelings, behaviors, goals, and desired changes. Group counseling provides support and insight from others facing similar problems. Marital counseling enhances relationship skills through conflict resolution. Family counseling examines relationship patterns contributing to mental health issues and strengthens family communication. The main goals are to improve self-awareness, communication skills, and healthy coping strategies.
Subjective well-being (SWB) refers to how people experience the quality of their lives through emotional reactions and cognitive judgments. SWB consists of three components - life satisfaction, pleasant affect, and unpleasant affect. Determinants of SWB include psychological factors like stress and social support, physical factors like marriage and income, and cultural factors like equality. Strategies for enhancing SWB include love, play, and work. SWB is measured using scales like the Positive and Negative Affect Scale and the Satisfaction with Life Scale.
Client-centered therapy, also known as person-centered therapy, was developed by Carl Rogers in the 1940s-1950s. It is a nondirective approach where the client takes an active role in treatment and the therapist provides empathy, genuineness, and unconditional positive regard. The goal is to help clients resolve incongruences and fully accept themselves so they can better understand and express their feelings, lower defensiveness, and develop more positive relationships. The therapist listens without judgment and helps the client gain self-awareness and autonomy through the therapeutic process.
The document discusses the goals and roles of counseling. It outlines several goals of counseling including facilitating behavior change, improving relationships, enhancing coping skills, and promoting decision making. It also discusses that the goals should be decided by both the counselor and client. Additionally, it outlines some key qualities of effective counselors such as having a deep interest in people, patience, sensitivity, and emotional sanity. Finally, it discusses different views on the role of values and ethics in counseling, noting that while counselors' values inevitably influence clients, counselors should not directly impose their own values on clients.
The historical development of Abnormal Psychology or Psychopathology is worth studying. The progressive as well as conservative steps have contributed to a balanced view of abnormal behavior.
The document discusses encounter groups, which involve intensive interaction between individuals under the guidance of a psychologist or therapist. The goals are to increase self-awareness, sensitivity to others, and improve interpersonal skills. Typical groups have fewer than ten people and one leader who facilitates open expression and examination of reactions and feelings. Participants are encouraged to be genuine and explore how they relate to others. While encounter groups can help with interpersonal issues, some people may lack the emotional strength for the intensity, and changes may not last beyond the group.
This document provides an overview of the clinical interview process. It discusses the characteristics of a clinical interview, including that it is a one-on-one conversation between a professional and client in a professional setting. It describes the different types and structures of interviews, such as intake interviews, case history interviews, mental status exams, crisis interviews, and diagnostic interviews. Communication strategies for building rapport and conducting the interview are also covered, along with considerations for different populations and common pitfalls.
I'm sharing this PPT which I had presented in my university as a part of my assignments. This PPT can be helpful for students of psychology to prepare their notes. It is brief, covers major points of the topic. Hope people like it.
Individual, group, marital, and family counseling can help people with various personal and relational issues. Individual counseling allows a one-on-one discussion between a counselor and client to explore feelings, behaviors, goals, and desired changes. Group counseling provides support and insight from others facing similar problems. Marital counseling enhances relationship skills through conflict resolution. Family counseling examines relationship patterns contributing to mental health issues and strengthens family communication. The main goals are to improve self-awareness, communication skills, and healthy coping strategies.
Subjective well-being (SWB) refers to how people experience the quality of their lives through emotional reactions and cognitive judgments. SWB consists of three components - life satisfaction, pleasant affect, and unpleasant affect. Determinants of SWB include psychological factors like stress and social support, physical factors like marriage and income, and cultural factors like equality. Strategies for enhancing SWB include love, play, and work. SWB is measured using scales like the Positive and Negative Affect Scale and the Satisfaction with Life Scale.
Client-centered therapy, also known as person-centered therapy, was developed by Carl Rogers in the 1940s-1950s. It is a nondirective approach where the client takes an active role in treatment and the therapist provides empathy, genuineness, and unconditional positive regard. The goal is to help clients resolve incongruences and fully accept themselves so they can better understand and express their feelings, lower defensiveness, and develop more positive relationships. The therapist listens without judgment and helps the client gain self-awareness and autonomy through the therapeutic process.
The document discusses the goals and roles of counseling. It outlines several goals of counseling including facilitating behavior change, improving relationships, enhancing coping skills, and promoting decision making. It also discusses that the goals should be decided by both the counselor and client. Additionally, it outlines some key qualities of effective counselors such as having a deep interest in people, patience, sensitivity, and emotional sanity. Finally, it discusses different views on the role of values and ethics in counseling, noting that while counselors' values inevitably influence clients, counselors should not directly impose their own values on clients.
The historical development of Abnormal Psychology or Psychopathology is worth studying. The progressive as well as conservative steps have contributed to a balanced view of abnormal behavior.
The document discusses encounter groups, which involve intensive interaction between individuals under the guidance of a psychologist or therapist. The goals are to increase self-awareness, sensitivity to others, and improve interpersonal skills. Typical groups have fewer than ten people and one leader who facilitates open expression and examination of reactions and feelings. Participants are encouraged to be genuine and explore how they relate to others. While encounter groups can help with interpersonal issues, some people may lack the emotional strength for the intensity, and changes may not last beyond the group.
This document provides an overview of the clinical interview process. It discusses the characteristics of a clinical interview, including that it is a one-on-one conversation between a professional and client in a professional setting. It describes the different types and structures of interviews, such as intake interviews, case history interviews, mental status exams, crisis interviews, and diagnostic interviews. Communication strategies for building rapport and conducting the interview are also covered, along with considerations for different populations and common pitfalls.
Humanistic psychotherapy and counseling pptAamna Haneef
The document discusses humanistic therapies and counseling. It explains that humanistic psychology developed as an alternative to behaviorism and psychoanalysis by focusing on studying the whole person and their freedom of choice. The humanistic approach offers optimism and allows individuals to take control of their lives. Some key aspects of humanistic theories discussed include viewing the individual and their subjective experiences, the therapist building rapport through qualities like empathy, and the goal of increasing self-acceptance and personal growth. Client-centered therapy is described as facilitating these processes in a non-directive manner to help clients fully realize their potential.
Distinction between counseling and psychotherapyShane Baltazar
The document distinguishes between counseling and psychotherapy. Counseling applies mental health, psychological, and human development principles and is used with normal individuals for educational and informational purposes, often in educational settings. Psychotherapy refers to therapeutic treatment involving a trained professional and client or patient, using strategic methods, and is used with severely disturbed individuals, often in medical settings. Both counseling and psychotherapy aim to promote healthy living, but counseling is less clinical and more educational compared to psychotherapy.
history of counseling psychology and its natureAayushi Soral
Counseling is a professional relationship that empowers diverse individuals, families, and groups to accomplish mental health, wellness, education, and career goals. Counseling psychology focuses on how people function personally and in relationships at all ages, addressing emotional, social, work, school and physical health concerns. Counseling serves individuals, groups, couples, families and organizations of all ages dealing with issues like behavioral problems, substance abuse, career changes, disabilities, and retirement. The history of counseling dates back to 1900 and shows how events like wars, social movements and acts influenced its development into a distinct profession over the 20th century.
The document discusses models of health psychology, focusing on the biopsychosocial model. The biopsychosocial model views health and illness as influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors. It was first proposed by George Engel in 1977 as an alternative to purely biomedical models. The model examines the interconnections between biology, psychology, and socio-environmental factors in topics like health, disease, and human development. Strengths include improved patient outcomes, while limitations include being time-consuming and lacking a strong theoretical basis.
This document discusses core values in community psychology including wellness, sense of community, and respect for human diversity. It notes that core values help clarify research and action choices and identify disconnects between actions and espoused values. Community psychology values promoting individual wellness through strengthening family and studying how sense of community balances individual and family wellness while not always being positive. Respecting human diversity recognizes variety in communities and identities and helps effective community work if diversity is respected.
This power point presentation is on Carl Rogers theory of personality. This ppt would be helpful for both UG and PG students and is developed to fulfill the objective of curriculum.
This document provides an overview of Harry Stack Sullivan's interpersonal theory of psychiatry and interpersonal psychotherapy. It discusses Sullivan's biography, major works, and theoretical contributions. Key aspects of Sullivan's personality theory are outlined, including his emphasis on interpersonal relationships, needs, anxiety, security operations, and the development of the self-system. Sullivan's developmental theories, including his stages of cognitive and social development, are presented. His view of psychopathology as problems in living resulting from excessive anxiety is explained. Finally, the four steps of Sullivan's interpersonal psychotherapy - inception, reconnaissance, detailed inquiry, and termination - are described.
socio cultural perspective in psychologyAQSA SHAHID
What is the Social-Cultural Perspective? The social-cultural perspective considers the way that different individuals interact with their social groups and how these social groups influence different individuals and how they develop throughout their lives.
Positive schooling is an approach to education that incorporates student well-being and virtues as learning goals in addition to academic achievement. It aims to promote human development by teaching students how to make themselves happy, decreasing depression, and facilitating academic performance. Key aspects of positive schooling include teaching positive thinking, sharing excitement, fostering trust in the classroom, and emphasizing the importance of diversity.
The document summarizes key aspects of existential and humanistic approaches to counseling. The three main approaches discussed are existential, client-centered, and Gestalt therapy. All three are humanistic in that they believe people have the power to heal themselves in the context of authentic relationships. Existential therapy focuses on themes like mortality, freedom, and meaning to help clients explore life's challenges. Gestalt therapy emphasizes awareness of present experiences and the figure-ground process of emerging needs. The goal for clients is to increase self-awareness and take responsibility for shaping their lives.
Person-centred therapy, also known as person-centred or client-centred counselling, is a humanistic approach that deals with the ways in which individuals perceive themselves consciously, rather than how a counsellor can interpret their unconscious thoughts or ideas.
The core purpose of person-centred therapy is to facilitate our ability to self-actualise - the belief that all of us will grow and fulfil our potential. This approach facilitates the personal growth and relationships of a client by allowing them to explore and utilise their own strengths and personal identity. The counsellor aids this process, providing vital support to the client and they make their way through this journey.
Gestalt therapy focuses on increasing a client's awareness of themselves and their interactions in the present moment. Key concepts include phenomenology, experiential learning, and existentialism. Therapists use techniques like role-playing, dream interpretation, dialogue, and attention to body language to help clients address unresolved issues and develop self-support. While research supports its effectiveness for some disorders, it requires a highly skilled therapist and lacks a strong theoretical foundation.
Clinical psychologists apply principles and procedures to understand, predict, and alleviate intellectual, emotional, psychological, and behavioral problems. They have skills in intervention and therapy, assessment and diagnosis, teaching, clinical supervision, research, consultation, program development, and administration. Some of their main activities include conducting psychotherapy and other therapies to help people overcome mental illnesses; assessing individuals' development, behavior, and functioning through methods like testing and interviews to inform diagnoses; and teaching courses on topics like psychopathology and psychological testing at academic institutions.
Alfred Adler Individual Psychology
Key Concepts of Individual Psychology
Adlerian counselling
Striving for Superiority (The Striving for Perfection, Striving for Self-Enhancement, Inferiority Feeling, Drive Satisfaction)
Styles of Life
Fictional Finalism
Section 3_ Intro to Basic Counseling Skills (5).pptAyesha Yaqoob
This document provides an introduction to basic counseling skills for drug abuse treatment. It outlines the following key counseling strategies: active listening, which includes attending, paraphrasing, reflection of feelings, and summarizing; processing; responding, including expressing empathy, probing, and interpreting; and using silence. Examples are provided for each strategy. The objectives are to help trainees identify counseling strategies, conduct counseling strategies, structure counseling sessions, understand clinical supervision, and conduct specific listening, responding, and teaching strategies.
The document discusses various skills required in the preparatory stage of counseling, including attending behaviors, observation, listening, questioning, and active listening. Some key points:
- The preparatory stage is important for building rapport and getting the counsellee interested in counseling. Attending behaviors like eye contact and body language help demonstrate interest.
- Observation of verbal and non-verbal cues helps the counselor understand how the client is feeling and gauge the effectiveness of their responses.
- Active listening through open-ended questions, paraphrasing, and acknowledging feelings conveys understanding and puts the client at ease to open up.
- Both open and closed questions have uses, but open questions are generally better for encouraging discussion
Counseling and psychotherapy both aim to help individuals with mental health issues, but they differ in key ways. Counseling typically provides short-term assistance for present issues like stress, relationships or decision-making. Psychotherapy focuses on longer-term treatment to address deeper psychological causes of problems by examining a person's history and helping them gain insight. While counseling helps process emotions and improve skills, psychotherapy facilitates more profound changes through exploring root causes from a person's past.
Psychology is defined as the science of mental processes, behavior, and experiences. It helps understand how and why people behave differently. Some key methods in psychology include observation, experiments, interviews, questionnaires, and case studies. Psychology is related to other social sciences like anthropology, which studies cultures, and sociology, which studies social groups and structures. Psychology also informs fields like education, biology, medicine, and economics by providing insights into human behavior, development, learning, and mental health.
Humanistic psychotherapy and counseling pptAamna Haneef
The document discusses humanistic therapies and counseling. It explains that humanistic psychology developed as an alternative to behaviorism and psychoanalysis by focusing on studying the whole person and their freedom of choice. The humanistic approach offers optimism and allows individuals to take control of their lives. Some key aspects of humanistic theories discussed include viewing the individual and their subjective experiences, the therapist building rapport through qualities like empathy, and the goal of increasing self-acceptance and personal growth. Client-centered therapy is described as facilitating these processes in a non-directive manner to help clients fully realize their potential.
Distinction between counseling and psychotherapyShane Baltazar
The document distinguishes between counseling and psychotherapy. Counseling applies mental health, psychological, and human development principles and is used with normal individuals for educational and informational purposes, often in educational settings. Psychotherapy refers to therapeutic treatment involving a trained professional and client or patient, using strategic methods, and is used with severely disturbed individuals, often in medical settings. Both counseling and psychotherapy aim to promote healthy living, but counseling is less clinical and more educational compared to psychotherapy.
history of counseling psychology and its natureAayushi Soral
Counseling is a professional relationship that empowers diverse individuals, families, and groups to accomplish mental health, wellness, education, and career goals. Counseling psychology focuses on how people function personally and in relationships at all ages, addressing emotional, social, work, school and physical health concerns. Counseling serves individuals, groups, couples, families and organizations of all ages dealing with issues like behavioral problems, substance abuse, career changes, disabilities, and retirement. The history of counseling dates back to 1900 and shows how events like wars, social movements and acts influenced its development into a distinct profession over the 20th century.
The document discusses models of health psychology, focusing on the biopsychosocial model. The biopsychosocial model views health and illness as influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors. It was first proposed by George Engel in 1977 as an alternative to purely biomedical models. The model examines the interconnections between biology, psychology, and socio-environmental factors in topics like health, disease, and human development. Strengths include improved patient outcomes, while limitations include being time-consuming and lacking a strong theoretical basis.
This document discusses core values in community psychology including wellness, sense of community, and respect for human diversity. It notes that core values help clarify research and action choices and identify disconnects between actions and espoused values. Community psychology values promoting individual wellness through strengthening family and studying how sense of community balances individual and family wellness while not always being positive. Respecting human diversity recognizes variety in communities and identities and helps effective community work if diversity is respected.
This power point presentation is on Carl Rogers theory of personality. This ppt would be helpful for both UG and PG students and is developed to fulfill the objective of curriculum.
This document provides an overview of Harry Stack Sullivan's interpersonal theory of psychiatry and interpersonal psychotherapy. It discusses Sullivan's biography, major works, and theoretical contributions. Key aspects of Sullivan's personality theory are outlined, including his emphasis on interpersonal relationships, needs, anxiety, security operations, and the development of the self-system. Sullivan's developmental theories, including his stages of cognitive and social development, are presented. His view of psychopathology as problems in living resulting from excessive anxiety is explained. Finally, the four steps of Sullivan's interpersonal psychotherapy - inception, reconnaissance, detailed inquiry, and termination - are described.
socio cultural perspective in psychologyAQSA SHAHID
What is the Social-Cultural Perspective? The social-cultural perspective considers the way that different individuals interact with their social groups and how these social groups influence different individuals and how they develop throughout their lives.
Positive schooling is an approach to education that incorporates student well-being and virtues as learning goals in addition to academic achievement. It aims to promote human development by teaching students how to make themselves happy, decreasing depression, and facilitating academic performance. Key aspects of positive schooling include teaching positive thinking, sharing excitement, fostering trust in the classroom, and emphasizing the importance of diversity.
The document summarizes key aspects of existential and humanistic approaches to counseling. The three main approaches discussed are existential, client-centered, and Gestalt therapy. All three are humanistic in that they believe people have the power to heal themselves in the context of authentic relationships. Existential therapy focuses on themes like mortality, freedom, and meaning to help clients explore life's challenges. Gestalt therapy emphasizes awareness of present experiences and the figure-ground process of emerging needs. The goal for clients is to increase self-awareness and take responsibility for shaping their lives.
Person-centred therapy, also known as person-centred or client-centred counselling, is a humanistic approach that deals with the ways in which individuals perceive themselves consciously, rather than how a counsellor can interpret their unconscious thoughts or ideas.
The core purpose of person-centred therapy is to facilitate our ability to self-actualise - the belief that all of us will grow and fulfil our potential. This approach facilitates the personal growth and relationships of a client by allowing them to explore and utilise their own strengths and personal identity. The counsellor aids this process, providing vital support to the client and they make their way through this journey.
Gestalt therapy focuses on increasing a client's awareness of themselves and their interactions in the present moment. Key concepts include phenomenology, experiential learning, and existentialism. Therapists use techniques like role-playing, dream interpretation, dialogue, and attention to body language to help clients address unresolved issues and develop self-support. While research supports its effectiveness for some disorders, it requires a highly skilled therapist and lacks a strong theoretical foundation.
Clinical psychologists apply principles and procedures to understand, predict, and alleviate intellectual, emotional, psychological, and behavioral problems. They have skills in intervention and therapy, assessment and diagnosis, teaching, clinical supervision, research, consultation, program development, and administration. Some of their main activities include conducting psychotherapy and other therapies to help people overcome mental illnesses; assessing individuals' development, behavior, and functioning through methods like testing and interviews to inform diagnoses; and teaching courses on topics like psychopathology and psychological testing at academic institutions.
Alfred Adler Individual Psychology
Key Concepts of Individual Psychology
Adlerian counselling
Striving for Superiority (The Striving for Perfection, Striving for Self-Enhancement, Inferiority Feeling, Drive Satisfaction)
Styles of Life
Fictional Finalism
Section 3_ Intro to Basic Counseling Skills (5).pptAyesha Yaqoob
This document provides an introduction to basic counseling skills for drug abuse treatment. It outlines the following key counseling strategies: active listening, which includes attending, paraphrasing, reflection of feelings, and summarizing; processing; responding, including expressing empathy, probing, and interpreting; and using silence. Examples are provided for each strategy. The objectives are to help trainees identify counseling strategies, conduct counseling strategies, structure counseling sessions, understand clinical supervision, and conduct specific listening, responding, and teaching strategies.
The document discusses various skills required in the preparatory stage of counseling, including attending behaviors, observation, listening, questioning, and active listening. Some key points:
- The preparatory stage is important for building rapport and getting the counsellee interested in counseling. Attending behaviors like eye contact and body language help demonstrate interest.
- Observation of verbal and non-verbal cues helps the counselor understand how the client is feeling and gauge the effectiveness of their responses.
- Active listening through open-ended questions, paraphrasing, and acknowledging feelings conveys understanding and puts the client at ease to open up.
- Both open and closed questions have uses, but open questions are generally better for encouraging discussion
Counseling and psychotherapy both aim to help individuals with mental health issues, but they differ in key ways. Counseling typically provides short-term assistance for present issues like stress, relationships or decision-making. Psychotherapy focuses on longer-term treatment to address deeper psychological causes of problems by examining a person's history and helping them gain insight. While counseling helps process emotions and improve skills, psychotherapy facilitates more profound changes through exploring root causes from a person's past.
Psychology is defined as the science of mental processes, behavior, and experiences. It helps understand how and why people behave differently. Some key methods in psychology include observation, experiments, interviews, questionnaires, and case studies. Psychology is related to other social sciences like anthropology, which studies cultures, and sociology, which studies social groups and structures. Psychology also informs fields like education, biology, medicine, and economics by providing insights into human behavior, development, learning, and mental health.
Impacts of HIV on education, food security and health sectors MuniraMkamba
This document provides an overview of psychology and theories of personality development. It begins with defining key terms in psychology. It then discusses Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory of personality development, which proposes that basic physiological and safety needs must be met before higher-level needs for love, esteem, and self-actualization can be pursued. The document also briefly introduces humanistic and psychoanalytic theories of personality.
Introduction to psy- pure & applied.pptxnainisharma3
While pure psychology focuses on the pursuit of knowledge and the expansion of theoretical frameworks, applied psychology harnesses that knowledge to address practical challenges and improve human well-being.
The term psychology, Components to psychology, Holistic approach to health care, Psychological Homeostasis, Structuralism, Functionalism, Historical development of Psychology, Counseling Psychology, Educational Psychology, Research Psychology, Industrial Psychology.
Here are two examples of situations where counseling could have helped:
Situation How it was overcome Counselor/enabler and how they helped
Struggling in school Spoke to a school counselor about study skills and stress management. The counselor provided tutoring resources and taught coping strategies to reduce anxiety and improve focus.
Difficult relationship with parents Joined family therapy sessions. The therapist acted as a mediator and helped improve communication between me and my parents through active listening exercises and identifying underlying issues causing conflict.
This document provides an overview of a course on counseling and psychotherapy. It discusses the objectives of the course, which are for students to understand counseling and psychotherapy principles, techniques, and strategies. It also covers the philosophical foundations of different counseling theories and compares counseling and psychotherapy. Theories are grouped into psychodynamic, experiential, action-oriented, systems-oriented, and postmodern approaches. Stages of the counseling process and categories of counseling approaches are defined.
DISCIPLINES AND IDEAS IN THE APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCES.pptxJoelMacuray1
The document discusses the discipline of counseling. It defines counseling as a relationship that applies psychological theories and communication skills to help clients with personal concerns, problems, or goals. Counseling aims to guide clients through life decisions and challenges by helping them understand themselves and explore options. The context of counseling, including factors like culture, family, peers and environment, greatly influences the process and outcomes. A successful counseling relationship considers the client, counselor and counseling process itself. The core values of counseling include respect, partnership, autonomy, caring and integrity.
This document provides an introduction and overview of the field of psychology. It begins by defining psychology as the study of behavior and mental processes. It then outlines several key definitions of psychology and discusses the scope of psychology, including different specializations like clinical, developmental, health, and social psychology. The document also covers various methods in psychology like introspection, observation, and experimentation. Finally, it discusses the relevance of psychology to the field of nursing.
This document provides an overview of counseling psychology. It discusses the identity of counseling psychology, including its focus on typical life stresses and more severe issues. It also discusses the specialized knowledge, problems addressed, skills and procedures utilized, and populations served by counseling psychologists. The document contrasts counseling psychology with clinical psychology, noting counseling psychology's emphasis on growth, prevention, and brief interventions. It also outlines the roles, functions, and training of counseling psychologists.
This document provides information on case work, counselling, psychotherapy, and the similarities and differences between them. It discusses that case work aims to help individuals enhance their social functioning through understanding their social, psychological, and economic factors. Counselling assists clients through a trusting relationship to resolve personal and psychological problems. Psychotherapy treats psychological disorders and mental distress using various techniques to overcome problematic thoughts and behaviors. While they have distinct approaches, case work, counselling, and psychotherapy also share similarities as they may use similar theoretical frameworks and training materials.
This document discusses different approaches to counseling, including humanistic, behavioral, cognitive, psychoanalytic, constructionist, and systemic approaches. It explains that counseling aims to help individuals learn about themselves and their environment, as well as their relationship between the two. Counseling provides guidance to assist with personal adjustment, relationship issues, skills, behaviors, values, and problems like crime and substance abuse. Effective counseling is based on theoretical approaches that can be applied to problem solving.
Psychology is defined as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. There are several branches of psychology including clinical, counseling, school, experimental/physiological, industrial/organizational, social, developmental, community, and abnormal psychology. Some of the early schools of psychology include structuralism, gestalt psychology, functionalism, behaviorism, and psychoanalysis. Modern perspectives include behavioral, biological, cognitive, social, humanistic, developmental, and psychoanalytic. Key methods in psychology include the experimental method, observation method, introspection method, inventory method, case study method, and survey method.
This document provides an overview of educational psychology. It defines educational psychology as the application of psychological principles to education. The goal is to understand teaching and learning processes and improve educational methods. Key topics covered include learning theories, teaching methods, motivation, development, and family relationships. Educational psychology aims to shape students' behavior and promote well-rounded personal growth through education.
Professional ethics and human values init 1Raju Diddi
The document discusses ethics, human values, and value education. It defines ethics as moral philosophy that examines concepts of right and wrong conduct. It notes that ethics is divided into four categories: normative ethics, applied ethics, descriptive ethics, and meta ethics. It also discusses the need for value education in society given issues like value erosion. It outlines some key human values like love, peace, truth, and right conduct. Finally, it discusses concepts like self-exploration, introspection, and the process and mechanisms of self-exploration.
counselling psychology special areas in counselingSaalini Vellivel
This document discusses various areas of counseling psychology including counseling in medical contexts, counseling in educational settings, career counseling, and workplace counseling. It provides details on:
- The roles of psychologists in medical settings such as diagnostic testing, counseling patients, and staff support.
- Areas of counseling in medical contexts including grief counseling, counseling terminally ill patients, and pain management counseling.
- The differences between high school and college counseling and the skills required for educational counseling.
- Theories of career choice and development and the role of career counselors in helping people make career decisions.
- The benefits of workplace counseling for both employees and employers, and the basic requisites of effective employee counseling.
The beginnings of psychology are to be found in the curiosity of primitive man about himself and his companions. The development of modern psychology as a science has followed a long and somewhat uncertain course through the centuries. The Greeks were first to study mental illness scientifically and separate the study of the mind from religion.
Wilhelm Wundt is the man most commonly identified as the father of psychology.
Goals of psychology
Describe- Frist goals of psychology are to describe the different ways that organisms behave.
Explain- the cause of behaviour.
Predict- how organisms will behave in certain situations
Control- the fourth goal of psychology is to control an organism’s behaviour.
1. Organizational behavior is the study of human behavior, attitudes, and performance within organizational settings, drawing on theories from disciplines like psychology, sociology, and anthropology.
2. It analyzes how the external environment affects organizations and their human resources, objectives, and strategies.
3. Organizational behavior is an interdisciplinary field that uses concepts from multiple reference disciplines like psychology, sociology, social psychology, anthropology, political science, management, and economics to understand, predict, and manage human behavior in organizations.
1. Organizational behavior is the study of human behavior, attitudes, and performance within organizational settings.
2. It draws from various disciplines like psychology, sociology, anthropology to understand individual and group behaviors and their impact on organizations.
3. The goal is to apply findings to predict, understand, and manage human behavior in work environments to meet organizational objectives.
This document provides an introduction to developmental psychology and outlines several key topics:
- It defines psychology and identifies major perspectives including biological, behaviorism, cognitive, humanistic, psychodynamic, socio-cultural, and evolutionary approaches.
- It then discusses various fields of psychology such as clinical, cognitive, developmental, evolutionary, forensic, health, neuropsychology, occupational, and social psychology.
- For each field, it provides a brief definition and examples. Finally, it discusses why psychology is important for nursing, noting that understanding psychology can help nurses provide better patient care and identify potential mental health issues.
A PPT of Addiction Counseling by Dr Komal Verma.
Addiction counselors help patients overcome dependence on drugs, alcohol, and destructive behaviors like gambling. Counselors intervene when patients are often at their lowest points in their struggles with addiction. A certified drug and alcohol counselor may also work with the families of addicts to assist the healing process. These professionals may work in outpatient facilities, inpatient rehabilitation centers, halfway houses, or hospitals.
Family Counseling Psychology
Family therapy is a type of psychological counseling (psychotherapy) that can help family members improve communication and resolve conflicts. Family therapy is usually provided by a psychologist, clinical social worker or licensed therapist
Introduction to Research Methodology & Designs: from Theory to Practice by E...Shailesh Jaiswal
A two-day webinar on research designs was organized by Elphinstone College in Mumbai. The webinar covered topics such as choosing appropriate statistical tests, running ANOVA, MANOVA, and other analyses in SPSS. It provided an introduction to research methodologies from descriptive methods and survey research to experimental, quasi-experimental, and program evaluation designs. The webinar aimed to help participants apply research design concepts in practice.
Why you should learn german as your foregin language by dr abhishek kumarShailesh Jaiswal
The document outlines several advantages of learning German for opportunities in India and Europe, including: meeting industry needs in Germany with over 10 lakh vacant jobs; upgrading skills which are important for the market; potential for extra earnings, free education, and high quality education; and the ability to get a job and permanent residency after studies. It also discusses the benefits of integrating into German culture quickly, understanding documents, building contacts, and joining German companies in India. The document then covers levels of the German language from elementary to autonomous and lists top German companies. It emphasizes that German companies provide good opportunities to work in India and higher education/PhD programs in Germany have benefits like focus on innovation and funding for startups.
History of biopsychology/Physiological PsychologyShailesh Jaiswal
The history of biological psychology began with Avicenna in the 11th century, who recognized connections between physiology and psychology. In the 18th and 19th centuries, biological psychology emerged from philosophical traditions exploring the relationship between the mind and body. William James' 1890 textbook argued that psychology should be grounded in an understanding of biology, helping to establish biological psychology as a legitimate science. Contemporary biological psychology links psychology and biology through comparing behaviors across species and relating biological and psychological variables.
endocrinal glands their location, function and behaviour (part 2)Shailesh Jaiswal
The adrenal gland is located above each kidney and has two parts that secrete different hormones. The adrenal cortex secretes corticosteroids that regulate minerals and sodium/potassium levels in the body, and disturbances can affect the nervous system. The adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine, which activate the sympathetic nervous system and prolong stress responses. The pancreas, near the stomach, secretes insulin to regulate blood glucose levels and the hormone that controls digestion. The gonads, ovaries and testes, secrete hormones regulated by the pituitary gland that control sexual development and reproductive functions.
4.1 endocrinal glands their location, function and behaviour (part 2)Shailesh Jaiswal
The adrenal gland is located above each kidney and has two parts - the adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla. The adrenal cortex secretes corticosteroids like cortisol which regulate minerals and the nervous system, while the adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine to increase heart rate and metabolism during sympathetic activation. The pancreas secretes insulin to regulate blood glucose levels and help the liver store glucose. The gonads, or testes and ovaries, secrete sex hormones like testosterone and estrogen which control sexual development, behaviors and reproduction through a feedback loop with the pituitary gland.
4.1 endocrinal glands their location, function and behaviour (part 1)Shailesh Jaiswal
This document discusses the endocrine system and its glands. It begins by defining endocrinology and the endocrine system. The endocrine system maintains homeostasis, regulates growth and development, and controls reproduction. Hormones are chemical messengers released from glands into the bloodstream and target specific cells. The major glands discussed are the pituitary gland and thyroid gland. The pituitary gland is called the "master gland" as it regulates other glands by releasing hormones like growth hormone. Disorders of the pituitary can cause dwarfism or gigantism. The thyroid gland regulates metabolism through thyroxine production, and disorders can result in goiter, myxedema, or Graves' disease.
The central nervous system is comprised of the brain and spinal cord. The brain controls bodily functions like awareness, movement, and memory. The spinal cord transmits sensory and motor signals through the spinal canal. The brain is protected by meninges and cerebrospinal fluid. It can be divided into the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain. The forebrain contains structures that regulate homeostasis, memory, emotion, and higher cognitive functions.
The central nervous system (CNS) is comprised of the brain and spinal cord. The CNS controls the body's functions and responses to sensory information. The brain plays a central role in controlling bodily functions like awareness, movement, sensations, thoughts, speech, and memory. The spinal cord connects to the brainstem and runs through the spinal canal, enabling some reflexes without brain involvement.
This document summarizes the basic structures and functions of neurons. It explains that neurons are specialized cells that transmit electrical and chemical signals. The key parts of a neuron are the cell body, dendrites, and axon. Dendrites receive signals from other neurons and pass them to the cell body. The axon carries electrical impulses from the cell body to structures called axon terminals, which then pass the signal to other neurons across junctions called synapses. At a synapse, the presynaptic terminal releases chemicals that transmit the signal across the synaptic cleft to the postsynaptic neuron.
Physiological psychology connects behavior and mental processes to bodily processes and the functions of the brain. It is also known as biopsychology, psychobiology, physiological psychology, and behavioral neuroscience. There are four categories of biological explanations for behavior: physiological explanations relate behavior to brain and organ activity; ontogenetic explanations describe how behaviors develop based on genes, experiences, and their interactions; evolutionary explanations examine how behaviors evolved over time to enhance survival; and functional explanations appeal to the functions a structure or system has. The goal is to understand biology's relationship to psychological issues.
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvementIshaGoswami9
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
The technology uses reclaimed CO₂ as the dyeing medium in a closed loop process. When pressurized, CO₂ becomes supercritical (SC-CO₂). In this state CO₂ has a very high solvent power, allowing the dye to dissolve easily.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...Leonel Morgado
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skills
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptxPRIYANKA PATEL
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...Leonel Morgado
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
ESPP presentation to EU Waste Water Network, 4th June 2024 “EU policies driving nutrient removal and recycling
and the revised UWWTD (Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive)”
2. Holistic Counseling
• Holistic Counseling is an approach which helps
clients to heal by taking the entire human being
and their life experiences into consideration for
assessment and treatment purposes.
• In other words, where traditional counseling
methods consider the psychological ramifications
of issues and behaviors;
• holistic counseling assesses and treats
from physical and spiritual contexts--as well as a
psychological or mental ones
3. • “counsels” or “coaches” – Both are different.
• Physical Aspects: Holistic counselors look at a client’s presenting
symptoms and issues and evaluate how the physical body is involved
and affected with the goal of facilitating a sense of physical well-
being
• Spiritual Components: The holistic counselor acknowledges that the
human spirit is intricately involved in the healing of the total
person—mind, body and soul.
• Psychological or Mental Components: Naturally, the holistic
counselor will be cognizant and attentive to the mental condition of
the client. The holistic counselor does not abandon historically
employed methods; they choose, however, to integrate them into
their supplemental observations based on a physiological and
spiritual assessment of the client. Thus, Applying Complementary
and Alternative Medicine (CAM)
4. THE IMPORTANCE OF INCORPORATING A HOLISTIC APPROACH INTO YOUR
PRACTICE
• Examines a person (or client) in terms of their mind
body associations that also tie into their emotional and
spiritual well-being.
• holistic approach as helping clients achieve well-being
by using conventional medicine or alternative therapies
or a combination of both depending on the severity of
the issue or their mental health.
• Alternative therapies can include massage,
acupuncture, meditation and yoga etc., Conventional
therapies are traditional medicine and psychotherapy
5. Variety of Disciplines
• Infomedik - Model infomedik appear to be
different by offering an understanding that
human beings are creatures who have integrity
(holistic) body-soul in a open -system so complex
handling of the patient no longer partial, but a
more thorough review both aspects of physical,
social, psychological, and spiritual
• Psychoanalysis
• Behaviorism
6. • The series of shifting theories of counseling and
psychotherapy begins with the Freudian concept,
then successively born behavioristic approach,
humanistic and paradigms systems also influence
the development of guidance and counseling
services.
• Since the mid-20th century, the development of
counseling and psychotherapy are dominantly
influenced by humanistic although other
approaches still have a significant contribution
7. Eco-literacy
• Common life on planet earth longer be regarded not
mechanistically but ecologically as well as systemic. Life
together should be seen as a series of living systems
which form an extensive network.
• The basic assumption is that the human personality
can develop optimally if the interaction between
individuals with the environment (eco-cultural) goes
well. Evident that the ecological aspects (cultural and
social) give strength in the development of the
individual.
8. • The first dimension is the role and relationship of individuals
whose purpose is to develop the role of the counselee as
individuals and how that role can make a positive
contribution to the individual when interacting with the
environment (other people).
• The second dimension is the behavior in a strategy to face
the problem Step coping behaviors are specific instruments
to do the individual in a transaction with the structure of the
environment. Copping is not the same as the process of
adjusting to the environment but coping interpreted to avoid
environmental nirnalar (unreasonable), arbitrary, and
without force rules (capricious). Counselees sensitivity and
awareness of the environment (ecological awareness)
became one of the important things in development.
• The third dimension is the task of development, how a
counselor is able to facilitate the tasks of individual
development
9. • The focus of the ecological approach is the
relationship and interaction between the
development of human and social
environment, physical and psychological.
Guidance and counseling to facilitate
individuals to learn and develop long-term
behavior through healthy interactions and
transactions between the individual and his
environment
10. Holistic Vision: Directions
Counseling Forward
• It is necessary to develop an attitude and thinking
balanced and aligned. Balanced means all aspects
considered, harmony in action
• Through a holistic vision, all terms of the ability of
individuals considered integrally, such as intellectual
ability, emotional, social, physical, artistic, creativity,
and spiritual
• Guidance and counseling holistic vision mean doing
more interdisciplinary approach, integrated, forward
the elements of dialogue, empathetic, reflective,
critical, flexibility, collaborative, and creative
11. • guidance and counseling services are
paradigmatic influenced by the theoretical
framework developed in times of developmental
theories of counseling and psychotherapy.
Freudian concepts, behavioristic, humanistic and
system approach also affected the development
of guidance and counseling services. Pattern
tendency forward, guidance and counseling, as
well as the same trend, occurred in other
disciplines engaged in a holistic approach.
12. • Through a comprehensive paradigm to think
holistically, counseling and guidance needed
to prepare the experts to be able to develop a
thorough awareness of thinking, more
humane, integrated and holistic vision. With a
holistic vision, all terms of the ability of
individuals considered integrally, such as
intellectual ability, emotional, social, physical,
artistic, creativity
13. Refrence
• PDF Attached in LMS
• https://counseling.online.wfu.edu/blog/treati
ng-the-whole-person-why-counselors-are-
embracing-holistic-medicine/