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Nudge Design Amanda Bentley 
What is Nudge Design?
Nudge Design Amanda Bentley 
What are the dimensions of these tables?
Nudge Design Amanda Bentley 
Explanation of Table Test 
• Tabletops are equal length 
• Human judgment is biased 
• Confidence in incorrect answer
Nudge Design Amanda Bentley 
Nudge Design Definition 
“A nudge, as we will use the term, is any aspect of 
the choice architecture that alters people’s 
behavior in a predictable way without forbidding 
any options or significantly changing their 
economic incentives. To count as a mere nudge, 
the intervention must be easy and cheap to avoid.” 
Page 6 of Thaler & Sunstein’s Nudge: Improving Decisions about Health, Wealth & Happiness (2008)
Nudge Design Amanda Bentley 
Nudge Design Definition 
• Understanding how decision making takes place 
• Given right context, pushed into particular 
behavior 
• Changes way choices are presented
Nudge Design Amanda Bentley 
Nudge Design Uses 
• Encourage positive behavior 
• Shaping emotion/ attitude toward brand 
• Consciously “changing” behavior is new 
• Use knowledge of nudge design to make a 
positive impact on society
Nudge Design Amanda Bentley 
A Little More About Why It’s Important… 
http://player.vimeo.com/video/37628342
Nudge Design Amanda Bentley 
Opposition to Nudge Design 
• “Big Brother” 
• Idea that it limits choices 
• Some think it is “forcing” a behavior 
• Guided by economics
Nudge Design Amanda Bentley 
Human Nature Influence on Decisions 
• As seen in tabletop test 
• Cognitive bias; mental shortcuts 
• Many conscious and unconscious factors
Nudge Design Amanda Bentley 
Framing Example 
You buy a small coffee in the Student Center every 
morning. It is usually $2.50. Today, they raised the 
price and it is now $3 for your morning coffee.
Nudge Design Amanda Bentley 
Framing Definition 
Judging options as losses or gains relative 
to some perceived starting reference point
Nudge Design Amanda Bentley 
Design Tip 
• Encourage positive behavior by emphasizing 
associated gains rather than associated losses 
• To discourage a behavior, make it seem 
undesirable by emphasizing associated losses
Nudge Design Amanda Bentley 
Default Bias Example 
Do you all sit in assigned seats? No? Are you 
sitting in the same seat everyday anyway? 
How much do you tend to tip waiters?
Nudge Design Amanda Bentley 
Default Bias Definition 
The tendency to go along with an existing 
situation or selection rather than taking action 
to change it; therefore, more likely to choose 
default setting
Nudge Design Amanda Bentley 
Design Tip 
• To encourage a specific option, make it the 
default 
• Likewise, to discourage a specific option, don’t 
make it the default
Nudge Design Amanda Bentley 
Present Bias Example 
Who online shops regularly? 
Do you wait to buy something until it goes on sale? 
Have you ever spent extra on expedited shipping 
when regular shipping would only take 4-5 days?
Nudge Design Amanda Bentley 
Present Bias Definition 
Time plays a big role in decision making; people 
generally prefer gains that happen in the present 
(instant gratification) to gains that occur in the 
future (time discounting)
Nudge Design Amanda Bentley 
Design Tip 
• To encourage a behavior where the positive 
outcomes are delayed, introduce present 
benefits to make the desired outcome more 
appealing 
• To encourage a behavior usually associated with 
a loss, delay losses so they occur in the future
Nudge Design Amanda Bentley 
Choices as a 21st Century Designer 
1. Ignore what you know 
2. Participate openly 
3. Quietly manipulate behavior
Nudge Design Amanda Bentley 
How to Make Change at Hofstra 
See something you don’t like? Use the nudge 
design tools you just learned to fix it! 
• Healthy food choices in the Student Center 
• Donations in the atrium 
• Moral choices of your peers

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Ho presentation

  • 1. Nudge Design Amanda Bentley What is Nudge Design?
  • 2. Nudge Design Amanda Bentley What are the dimensions of these tables?
  • 3. Nudge Design Amanda Bentley Explanation of Table Test • Tabletops are equal length • Human judgment is biased • Confidence in incorrect answer
  • 4. Nudge Design Amanda Bentley Nudge Design Definition “A nudge, as we will use the term, is any aspect of the choice architecture that alters people’s behavior in a predictable way without forbidding any options or significantly changing their economic incentives. To count as a mere nudge, the intervention must be easy and cheap to avoid.” Page 6 of Thaler & Sunstein’s Nudge: Improving Decisions about Health, Wealth & Happiness (2008)
  • 5. Nudge Design Amanda Bentley Nudge Design Definition • Understanding how decision making takes place • Given right context, pushed into particular behavior • Changes way choices are presented
  • 6. Nudge Design Amanda Bentley Nudge Design Uses • Encourage positive behavior • Shaping emotion/ attitude toward brand • Consciously “changing” behavior is new • Use knowledge of nudge design to make a positive impact on society
  • 7. Nudge Design Amanda Bentley A Little More About Why It’s Important… http://player.vimeo.com/video/37628342
  • 8. Nudge Design Amanda Bentley Opposition to Nudge Design • “Big Brother” • Idea that it limits choices • Some think it is “forcing” a behavior • Guided by economics
  • 9. Nudge Design Amanda Bentley Human Nature Influence on Decisions • As seen in tabletop test • Cognitive bias; mental shortcuts • Many conscious and unconscious factors
  • 10. Nudge Design Amanda Bentley Framing Example You buy a small coffee in the Student Center every morning. It is usually $2.50. Today, they raised the price and it is now $3 for your morning coffee.
  • 11. Nudge Design Amanda Bentley Framing Definition Judging options as losses or gains relative to some perceived starting reference point
  • 12. Nudge Design Amanda Bentley Design Tip • Encourage positive behavior by emphasizing associated gains rather than associated losses • To discourage a behavior, make it seem undesirable by emphasizing associated losses
  • 13. Nudge Design Amanda Bentley Default Bias Example Do you all sit in assigned seats? No? Are you sitting in the same seat everyday anyway? How much do you tend to tip waiters?
  • 14. Nudge Design Amanda Bentley Default Bias Definition The tendency to go along with an existing situation or selection rather than taking action to change it; therefore, more likely to choose default setting
  • 15. Nudge Design Amanda Bentley Design Tip • To encourage a specific option, make it the default • Likewise, to discourage a specific option, don’t make it the default
  • 16. Nudge Design Amanda Bentley Present Bias Example Who online shops regularly? Do you wait to buy something until it goes on sale? Have you ever spent extra on expedited shipping when regular shipping would only take 4-5 days?
  • 17. Nudge Design Amanda Bentley Present Bias Definition Time plays a big role in decision making; people generally prefer gains that happen in the present (instant gratification) to gains that occur in the future (time discounting)
  • 18. Nudge Design Amanda Bentley Design Tip • To encourage a behavior where the positive outcomes are delayed, introduce present benefits to make the desired outcome more appealing • To encourage a behavior usually associated with a loss, delay losses so they occur in the future
  • 19. Nudge Design Amanda Bentley Choices as a 21st Century Designer 1. Ignore what you know 2. Participate openly 3. Quietly manipulate behavior
  • 20. Nudge Design Amanda Bentley How to Make Change at Hofstra See something you don’t like? Use the nudge design tools you just learned to fix it! • Healthy food choices in the Student Center • Donations in the atrium • Moral choices of your peers