The document discusses design thinking and lean innovation as approaches for problem solving and innovation. It defines design thinking as a process with stages like define, research, ideate, prototype, and implement. Lean innovation focuses on preparing by gathering customer feedback, innovating through continuous improvement, optimizing solutions, and testing concepts rapidly. Both approaches allow for identifying opportunities, quickly developing solutions with fewer resources, and applying lean processes to reduce waste and improve products incrementally. The document provides examples of how to use these approaches in a workshop setting to address problems like employee health in IT organizations.