Common health problems faced by infants include birth injuries, colic, ear infections, colds and flu, oral thrush, fever, anemia, and respiratory distress. For school-going children, some frequently occurring illnesses are the common cold, stomach flu, strep throat, hand foot and mouth disease, pink eye, influenza, chickenpox, and other viral infections. Symptoms are treated to relieve discomfort, while antibiotics or other medications are given when needed based on the condition. Maintaining proper hygiene and a healthy lifestyle can help prevent illness.

1. HEALTH PROBLEMS OF
INFANTS AND SCHOOL
GOING CHILDREN'S

2. HEALTH PROBLEMS OF INFANTS
• Babies are most vulnerable just after birth. They may be born with certain
congenital conditions or may contract infections easily. If you are a new
parent, you should be aware of the common health problems that babies
encounter and how to tackle them so that you can take care of your baby in the
best way possible.

3. BIRTH INJURIES
• Sometimes, during the birth process, a baby may suffer a physical injury. It
is called birth injury or birth trauma. A birth injury could result from the use
of the forceps while getting the baby out of the birth canal. Most babies
recover quickly from the trauma of childbirth. Babies delivered normally
may have a swelling on their scalp due to vacuum; they may also get injured
due to the use of forceps.

4. COLIC
• When a baby cries continually and for no apparent reason, the condition is
called “colic.” Normally, the child is experiencing some type of discomfort
but can’t express it. Colic can often be attributed to gastro esophageal reflux,
which is when the acidic contents of the stomach painfully regurgitate back
into the esophagus.

6. EAR INFECTIONS
• Ear infections are common in babies. When a baby has an ear infection, he
may tug at his infected ear and will be very fussy. Viral infections are
common but they subside within a few days. Bacterial infections, however,
can persist for long and can even lead to loss of hearing and may need
antibiotics.

7. COLD AND FLU
• A cold and flu affect almost all infants and newborns as they adjust to the
outside world. Although a cold and flu may appear insignificant, it should
not be taken lightly as a cold and flu can develop into pneumonia and
other serious diseases in newborns and infants

8. ORAL THRUSH
• Oral thrush is a yeast infection occurring in the mouth of the babies. Also
known as oral candidiasis, this infection is common in babies. It causes
white lesions on the tongue or inner cheeks. If your baby has oral thrush,
check with the doctor if it is serious enough to administer anti-fungal
medication.

9. FEVER
• Fever is an indication that the body is fighting an infection. However, high
and persistent fever above 101 degrees in newborns and infants can lead to
seizures and brain damage. If your baby has a high fever, you must take
him to a doctor and get the necessary medication

10. ANEMIA
• Children of anemic mothers are born anemic. Anemia is a condition in which red
blood cells are less than normal as per a child’s age. Anemia is the lack of
hemoglobin, indicating that the level of oxygen in the blood is low and that the
blood is thick. Medical intervention is a must as untreated anemia could prove to be
fatal

11. RESPIRATORY DISTRESS
• This occurs when there is insufficient oxygen for the baby due to a blockage in
his nasal passage. The baby may have bluish skin because of the lack of
oxygen. It takes a few hours for the newborn baby to learn to breathe normally.
Once normal breathing is established, there should be no more bluish
coloration.

13. HEALTH PROBLEMS OF SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN'S
• So as we all know children nowadays is facing many diseases and facing
many health issues so now we are going to discuss some of the main and
major diseases that children's are facing nowadays.

14. COMMON COLD
• The common cold is one of the most frequent illnesses children get at
school. Colds are caused by viruses that are easily spread in close-contact
environments like schools or daycares. Even though it is common, there
is no cure for the common cold.

15. TREATMENT
• Treat the symptoms with over the counter pain relievers like acetaminophen
or ibuprofen to help manage with headaches, muscle aches, or fever.
Aspirin should be avoided, as it is linked to a rare but serious disease called
Reye's syndrome when given to children and teens.

16. STOMACH FLU
• Stomach flu, or gastroenteritis, is caused by a virus and can spread
rapidly. The symptoms of gastroenteritis are pretty obvious:
nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

17. STREP THROAT
• Strep throat is caused by a bacteria called streptococcus pyogenes that lives
in the nose and throat. Symptoms are sore throat, swollen tonsils, fever,
and stomach pain. Strep needs to be treated by prescription antibiotics after
the diagnosis has been confirmed with a strep test at your doctor’s office.

18. HAND, FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE
• Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) can affect adults and children of all ages,
but children under five years old are at the highest risk of contracting it. This
highly infectious disease is marked by fever, sore throat, mouth and tongue ulcers,
and blisters or a rash on the hands, feet, and mouth. Those infected also experience
lethargy and loss of appetite.

19. PINK EYE
• The technical term for pink eye is conjunctivitis. Symptoms of conjunctivitis
include eye redness, discharge, itchiness, and swelling. Causes vary, but
contagious conjunctivitis is caused by either a bacteria or virus. Treatments
can include antibiotics in the form of ointment or eye drops.

20. INFLUENZA
• Commonly known as the flu, influenza is a virus that is easily spread
through coughing and sneezing into the air. Symptoms include fever,
body aches, chills, sore throat, fatigue, and loss of appetite

21. TREATMENT
• Typical cases do not require treatment aside from managing symptoms at
home with medicine, rest, and fluids. If flu symptoms are severe or the child
has other conditions that could complicate the flu, you should consult a doctor
and sometimes hospitalization is necessary.

22. CHICKENPOX
• Chickenpox is an infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It causes an
itchy rash with small, fluid-filled blisters. Chickenpox is highly contagious to
people who haven't had the disease or been vaccinated against it.

23. SYMPTOMS
• Include fever, sore throat, headache, loss of appetite, and body aches.
There is no medication to treat the varicella virus, but symptoms can be
treated to make your child more comfortable during the illness.