This document discusses the evolution of cellular network generations from 1G to 5G. 1G introduced analog cellular networks with data speeds up to 2.4 kbps. 2G brought digital networks using TDMA and CDMA with speeds up to 64 kbps. 3G enabled smartphones and multimedia with speeds up to 2 Mbps. 4G provided high-speed data and video calling using WiFi and WiMax. 5G is being developed to support data rates over 1 Gbps for applications requiring high bandwidth like virtual reality. It will use technologies like OFDM, beamforming and higher frequency bands. 5G aims to offer flexible global internet access with low latency and high reliability.

1. By
harjeevan singh class -10th_E

2. 1st GENERATION:
Introduced in 1980
Analog cellular mobile,Data speed
2.4kbps
1G mobiles- AMPS,NMT,TACS
Uses FDMA technique with
30KHz

3. 2nd GENERATION:
Digital cellular systems
Digital modulation schemes-
TDMA,CDMA
Data speed in 2g is up to 64kbps
Data speed in 2.5g is up to
144kbps
GPRS, EDGE and CDMA 2000 were
2.5 technologies.

4. 3rd GENERATION:
 3g technology is intended for true
multimedia cell phone
 typically called smart phones and
features increased bandwidth and
transfer rates to accommodate
wed-based applications and
phone-based audio and video files
Advantages
universal global roaming
multimedia (voice , data & video)
384 kbps while moving
2mbps when stationary at specific l
locations
video calling

5. 4th GENERATION:
 high-speed data access
high quality streaming
video
combination of wi- fi and
wi-max
SDR,OFDM,OFDMA
and MIMO

6. WHAT IS 5G???
 5G is a packet switched
wireless system with wide
area coverage and high
throughput.
5G wireless uses OFDM and
millimeter wireless that enables
data rate of 20 mbps and
frequency band of 2-8 GHz.
5G is going to be a packed
based network.

7. OBJETIVES OF 5G:
 5G being developed to accommodate QoS rate requirements
set by further development of existing 4G applications.
 Flexible channel bandwidth between 5 and
20MHz, optionally up to 40MHz.
 Data rate of at list 1Gb/s between any two points in the
world.
 Increase system spectral efficiency of up to 3bit/s/Hz/cell
in the downlink and 2.25bit/s/Hz/cell for indoor usage.

8. STANDARD WIRELESS 5G:
 WiMAX formed to provide conformance and interoperability of
the IEEE 802.16 standard. It aims to provide wireless data over
long distance from point-to-point link to cellular mobile type
access.
 WiBRO a part of IEEE 802.16e in process to provide
collaborative and generic mobile WiMAX.
 3GPP LTE a project aims to improve the mobile phone
standard to cope with future requirements.
 5GPP 2 UMB a project to improve the CDMA2000 mobile
phone standard for next generation applications.

9. 5G NETWORK REFRENCE MODEL:

10. IPv6 SUPPORT:
 IPv6 increases the IP addresses size from 32bit to 128 bits, to
support more levels of addressing hierarchy and much greater
number of addressable node.
 IPv6 support large number of wireless enabled devices.
 IPv6 Extend the IP address space enough to offer a unique IP
address to any device.
 IPv6 Improve support for IP Mobility.

11. 4G Vs 5G
4G(2000-10) 5G(2010-15)
Switching All packets All packets
Service Dynamic Dynamic information
information access, wearable devices
access, wearable with AI capabilities
devices
Data rate Up to 20Mbps Up to 1 Gbps
Technology combination of combination of
broadband, broadband,
LAN/WAN/PAN/ LAN/WAN/PAN/WLAN
WLAN and and wwww
wwww
Standards Single unified Single unified standards
standards
Multiplexing CDMA CDMA

12. BENEFITS OF 5G:
 High speed, high capacity, and low cost per bit.
 Support interactive multimedia, voice, streaming video, Internet, and other
broadband services ,more effective and more attreactive ,Bi directional ,accurate
traffic statistics.
 Global access, service portability, and scalable mobile services.
 The high quality services of 5G technology based on Policy to avoid error.
 5G technology is providing large broadcasting of data in Gigabit which
supporting almost 65,000 connections.
 5G technology offer transporter class gateway with unparalleled consistency.
 Through remote management offered by 5G technology a user can get better and
fast solution.

13. CONCLUSION:
 Migration to 5G networks ensures convergence of
networks, technologies, applications and services.
 5G can serve as a flexible platform.
 Wireless carriers have an opportunity to shorten Investment
return, improve operating efficiency and increase revenues.
 5G - a promising Generation of wireless communication that will
change people’s lives.

14. Some latest gadgets