Growth hormone is produced by the anterior pituitary gland and regulates body growth and metabolism. It works by stimulating the liver and other tissues to produce insulin-like growth factors. Growth hormone secretion is regulated by hormones like growth hormone releasing hormone and somatostatin produced by the hypothalamus. Abnormal growth hormone levels can cause diseases like gigantism in children or acromegaly in adults. While somatostatin and octreotide inhibit growth hormone secretion and are used to treat conditions caused by excess growth hormone levels like acromegaly.

1. PHARMCOLOGY OF
DRUG ACTING ON
ENDOCRINE
SYSTEM
“GROWTH
HORMONE”
By
Mr.S.KAMESHWARAN.,M.Pharm.,(Ph.D).
Associate Professor, Excel College of Pharmacy
Komarapalayam, Namakkal, Tamilnadu, India.

2. HORMONE
“Hormone is a substance, having greater biological
activity, produced by specific cell in the body and it
is transported through circulation to act on its target
cells.”
Greek-HARMEIN-TO STIRR UP,
Hormones regulates body functions
Hormones are secreted by endocrine glands
(ductless glands)

3. PITUITARY HORMONES
ANTERIOR:
♠Growth hormones(GH)
♠Prolactin (Prl)
♠Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
♠Thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)
♠Gonadotropins (hormones having stimulatory
action on gonads)
Follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)
Luteinizing hormone(LH)
POSTERIOR:
Oxytocin
Anti diuretic hormone (ADH, VASOPRESSIN)

4. ANTERIOR PITUITARY HORMONES
They secretes a number of important regulatory
hormones.
They act on extra cellular receptor, which is located
on their target cells.
The anterior pituitary secretes the following
hormones
Growth hormone (GH)
Prolactin (Prl)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Gonadotropins
1. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
2. Luteinizing hormone (LH)

5. GROWTH HORMONE
Contains 191 Amino acids,
Molecular weight -22000 daltons, Single chain
peptide.
PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS:
Promotes the growth of all organs, by inducing
hyperplastia (gross enlargement) of organs)
Increasing in size and mass of all parts of the
body,
It does not produce sexual maturation,
It does not involved in growth of brain & eye,
GH promotes utilization of Fats and spares
Carbohydrate,
GH decrease the Uptake of glucose by mucus,
INSULINE LIKE GROWTH FACTORS (IGF) are
extra cellular mediators of GH response,

6. GROWTH MECHANISM:
GROWTH HORMONE

PROMOTE THE RETENTION OF NITROGEN AND OTHER
TISSUE CONSTITUENTS

MORE PROTOPLASM IS FORMED

POSITIVE NITROGEN BALANCE
 leads to
INCREASE UPTAKE OF AMINO ACID BY TISSUES
 C promotes
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT

7. ROLL OF GHRH:
Hypothalamus

GHRH

Anterior pituitary

GH

Liver, Kidney, Muscle, Fat & bone

IGF-1

ACT ON SOFT TISSUES& BONE

8. REGULATION OF SECRETION:
FASTING, HYPOGLYCEMIA, STRESS AND IV
INFUSION OF ARGININE
HYPOTHALAMUS PRODUCE “GHRH” &
SOMATOSTATIN
GHRH, Stomatostatin receptors are G protein
coupled receptor type,
GH- inhibited by increase in plasma free fatty acid
levels and high concentration of glucocorticoids.

9. PHATHALOGICAL CONDITIONS:
♣ Increase in GH:
Children – Gigantism,
Adults – Acromegaly,

10. ♣ Decrease in GH:
Children - Pituitary dwarfism
Adult - Rare

11. PREPARATIONS:
Produced by recombinant DNA technology.
SOMATROPIN
SOMATREM
GH INHIBITORS:
SOMATOSTATIN
OCTIREOTIDE

12. SOMATOSTATIN:
Inhibit the secretion of GROWTH HORMONE, TSH,
PROLACTINE,
Which also inhibit almost all pancreatic, GI
secretions,
Also constricts hepatic and renal blood vessels

13. OCTREOTIDE:
40 times less potent than somatostatin
Suppress GH secretion for long time,
Weaker inhibitor of insulin secretion.
Used in ACROMEGALY.
ADR:
 Abdominal pain,
 Nausea,
 Diarrhoea,
 Gall stones.

14. THANK U