This document discusses the use of green biotechnology and bio-nanotechnology for environmental sustainability monitoring and their future aspects. It describes how nanosciences like scanning tunneling microscopy can be applied. It also explains how biotechnology, nanotechnology and bio-nanotechnology can be combined to create biosensors using enzymes and antibodies for detecting pharmaceutical contaminants. Various nanomaterials like carbon nanotubes have shown ability to remove pollutants from water and soil. Their incorporation with microbes allows more efficient remediation. Nanoparticles and biological agents can work sequentially or simultaneously for treatment. Nanoparticles also have potential applications in biomedicine, food, industry, electronics, and renewable energy.

1. GREEN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND
BIO-NANOTECHNOLOGY
FOR ENVIRONMENT
SUSTAINABILITY,MONITORING
AND FUTURE ASPECTS
PRESENTED BY,
RISHAV RAY
M.Sc. IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, SEMESTER-III
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
VISVA-BHARATI,SANTINIKETAN

3. NANOSCIENCES
NANOSCIENCES

4. SCANNING
TUNNELING
MICROSCOPE

5. BIOTECHNOLOGY NANOTECHNOLOGY
BIO-NANOTECHNOLOGY
INFOTECH

8. •Pharmaceuticals and their
metabolites are also
recognized as emerging
contaminants
•Not metabolized
completely
•Excreted in the form of
original parent compound
or in form of derivative
•Discharge into
wastewaters may lead to
emergence of antibiotic-
resistant strains of
microorganisms

9. • More than 200 different pharmaceutical agents, including antibiotics, hormones,
NSAIDs have been detected in several aquatic as well as terrestrial environments
• Not easily removed by sewage treatment plants (STPs) or WWTPs
• They can remain in the aqueous phase for longer times because of their hydrophilic
and stable nature.
• These drugs along with their metabolites are detected in surface waters frequently
posing the environmental threats

12. DRAWBACKS
•EXPENSIVE
•TIME- CONSUMING
• EXTENDED RESPONSE TIME
•LENGTHY RECOVERY TIME
•LESS SELECTIVE

14. • Enzymes used for biological recognition
• conversion of antibody-antigen interactions into a detectable signal
by the transduction element
• Directly immobilized on the transducer surface by several
methods(covalent bonding, physical adsorption by van der Waals
forces, encapsulation, covalent cross-linking ,ionic bonding)
• Signal is measured as a result of variations in ionic concentration
caused due to specific immunoreactions.
• Mechanism of detection is based on the very specific interaction of
a particular drug with enzyme target followed by the inhibition of
the enzyme activity.
ENZYME AND IMMUNOSENSOR BASED BIOSENSOR

15. WHY THEM?
•Technology is time saving
•High sensitivity
•High specificity
•Quick response time
•Excellent thermal and electrical conductivity of metal
&carbon-based nanomaterials such as carbon
nanotubes (CNTs)

20. These nanomaterials have demonstrated successful removal of hazardous pollutants
from ground/surface water, soil, and sediments.
( NANOTUBES) (NANOFIBRES ) (NANOCOMPOSITES)

21. •Incorporation of microbial strains in nZVI helps in more
efficient remediation of pollutants.
•A reductive-oxidative strategy consisting of nZVI and
(Sphingomonas species)found to be effective for
degradation of PBDEs in aqueous solution
•Shewanella oneidensis ,immobilized in beads containing
carbon nanotubes, reduces Manganese and chromium
levels in water

22. SEQUENTIAL
METHODS
COMBINED
contaminant is
subjected to
nanoparticles& Bio
agent is added
Both nanoparticle
and biological agent
are added to the
system simultaneously

25. SCOPES OF NANO PARTICLES IN FUTURE
•BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH CARE
•FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
•INDUSTRIAL
•ELECTRONICS
•ENVIRONMENT
•RENEWABLE ENERGY
•TEXTILES

26. REFERENCES
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pollutants and their bioremediation approaches, 1st edn. CRC Press,Taylor & Francis Group, Boca
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Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India,BioX Centre and School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of
Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India(2019)
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Rajasthan, India, Kumar S., Centre for Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand,
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3426-9_7(2019)
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