The document discusses several major environmental problems facing the world including climate change, ozone depletion, biodiversity loss, ocean exhaustion, desertification, pollution, deforestation, and population growth. It provides details on the causes and impacts of issues like global warming, the Antarctic ozone hole, desertification, pollution of oceans, air, water and soil. Solutions proposed include sustainable development, green economy, education programs, effective policy implementation, and individual action along with government and non-government groups working together. The presentation calls for immediate intervention to address the alarming global environmental crisis.

1. PRESENTED BY:
RAMVILAS GHOSH .A
DEPT.AQUATIC BIOLOGY &FISHERIES

3. introduction
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The crisis we face is very alarming
The major conflict:
ENVIRONMENT v/s DEVLOPMENT
Development doesn’t compromise with environment and
biodiversity
With ever increasing global population the situation is
even worsened
Clash of politics regarding environmental values &
interests that occurs in the course of formulating and
implementing policies
No alternatives in effective use

4. So far many environmental issues are citing immediate
interventions
IT’S A DO OR DIE
SITUATION !!!!
The most striking and evident 10 environmental
problems are listed below
 Climate Change & global warming
 Ozone Depletion
 Biodiversity Loss
 Ocean Exhaustion
 Desertification
 Ozone depletion
 Wastes
 Pollution
 Deforestation
 Population growth
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5. GLOBAL WARMING
&
CLIMATE CHANGE

6. Global Climate Fluctuations

8. General increase in temperature
caused by increased amount of
green house gases around the Earth
 Estimated rise in global
temperature is 1.4 – 5.8 ºC by 2100
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MAJOR IMPACTS
 rise in sea level { 9-88 cm by 2100}
 Drowning of rice fields and island
nations
 Coral bleaching and loss of
biodiversity ; algal blooms
 Vectors active; spread of diseases

9. Ozone depletion

10. October 1999 (average)
Historically, the Antarctic ozone hole is
largest during October. This image
shows the data from the Total Ozone
Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) Earth
Probe, for the month of October 1999.
September 17th 2010
Satellite data show the area of the 2010
Antarctic ozone hole peaked at a size roughly
equal to that of recent years about the same
area as North America. Researchers have
observed a leveling-off of the hole size and
predict a slow recovery.

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Destruction of stratospheric ozone by CFCs
Strong UV
ODS
splits
gases
releasing chlorine and bromine atoms
Bromine & chlorine atoms destroys ozone
One ‘Cl’ atom can destroy over 100,000 ozone
molecules
IMPACTS : a) thinning of ozone layer
b) direct influx of UV rays
c) causes skin cancers, burns,
destruction of plant leaves, irritations etc

12. DESERTIFICATION
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Extreme deterioration of land {arid & sub-humid areas}
Major reasons:
a) loss of soil moisture & vegetation
b) influenced by man made activities and
climate changes
300 million hectares of farm land now abandoned world wide
Affects about 41% of global land area
Affects livelihood of more than 1 billion people in over 110
countries
A typical example :
The expansion of Gobi Desert by 52000 km²,
from 1994- 1999, now 150 miles away from Beijing

13. Ocean exhaustion

14. 
Consumption
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Collapsing Fish Populations
“collateral damage”
 Leatherback turtles
Pollution
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Eutrophication
 Dying Coral reefs
 Oil spill and chemical spill
Toxins,Viruses, Bacteria
 Sea otter decline
Habitat destruction
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Bottom trawling
Coastal wetlands

15. WASTES
HEAVY METALS AND E-WASTES

16. BIOACCUMULATION

17. GARBAGE
Food, paper, clothes, materials,
substances which are no longer
needed and have been thrown
away.

18. POLLUTION
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Undesirable events taking place in the environment
Pollutants responsible for pollution
Types of pollution: 1) air pollution
2) water pollution
3) soil/land pollution
4) noise polluition

19. Air pollution

20. Air pollution
The air in our towns
and cities is very
polluted with gases, car
fumes, smoke. It is
becoming more and
more difficult to
breathe.

21. Water pollution

22. Water pollution
Water contains
harmful chemicals and
is very dangerous for
people and animals.

23. LAND POLLUTION

24. Noise pollution
sound is very loud or
continuous noise
which is considered
unpleasant and harmful
to people.

25. Biodiversity loss
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Loss of biodiversity at an alarming rate
Scientists figured – “the 6th extinction”
REASONS : mainly anthropogenic intervention
a) Habitat loss and fragmentation

26. b) invasive alien species
Mikania micrantha
Water Dragon
Fire Ants

27. c) Deforestation

28. deforestation

29. MAJOR IMPACTS
 Habitat loss
 Loss of biodiversity
 Occurrence of natural calamities
 Destabilization of climate
 Loss of livelihood
 Oxygen imbalance

30. ROOT CAUSE………

32. SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT
…….

34. solutions
2 concepts for control approach:
 Assimilative capacity concept
 Principle of control concept
IMPORTANT MEASURES
 Education for children on public health and sanitations;
their rights and duties
 People must learn to measure and estimate the amount
of pollution in their surroundings
 Effective intervention of government departments on
health , environment related issues

35. 
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Where pollution is severe the authorities should
conduct regular inspections
Need to separate dry waste from wet waste- wet
waste need needs to be composed for agricultural
use
Reduce vehicular pollution – promote public
transport systems
Sewage water should treated and used for irrigation
Building of watersheds
Reduced use of fossil fuels- use of CNG and other
cleaner fuels
Bioremediation and biofiltration
Reduce , Reuse & Recycle
Afforestation and effective banning of illegal
poaching

38. conclusion
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Need of immediate intervention into the global
environmental problems
Need of sustainable development
Green economy
Effective implementation of global environmental policies
Role of governments, NGOs, individuals
Role & effective use of biotechnology resources
Education and empowerment programs

42. Shukriya
Kop
köszönöm
salamat
Seé
Gracias
DANKE
Natick
obrigado
Hwala
DALU
Grazie
Diky
Mahalo
Tack
Gra
dêkuji