The document discusses various environmental issues including air pollution, water pollution, land pollution, climate change, deforestation, and desertification. It lists the group members working on the project and provides details on the causes and effects of different types of pollution. Major causes of deforestation mentioned are logging, mining, oil/gas extraction, cattle ranching, and agriculture. The causes of desertification include physical, biological, political, social, economic and cultural factors. Some ways to prevent environmental problems like global warming are reducing CFCs and waste burning, keeping the environment clean, planting trees, and using public transport.

2. Group Members :
. Ali Asgher
. Rehman Khan
. Naveed John
. Umar Abid
.
Badar Ikhlas

3. • Environmental issues are any such
issues created due to human activities
and cause harm to the environment.

4. Air pollution is the accumulation in the
atmosphere of substances that, in sufficient
concentrations, endanger human health or
produce other measured effects on living matter
and other materials. Among the major sources
of pollution are power and heat generation, the
burning of solid wastes, industrial processes,
and, especially, transportation. The six major
types of pollutants are carbon monoxide,
hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, particulates,
sulfur dioxide, and photochemical oxidants.

5. Water pollution refers to the contamination
of water bodies such as rivers, oceans,
lakes, and groundwater caused by human
activities. This can be harmful to plants and
organisms which live in these water bodies.
Types and effect of water pollution
· The most serious water pollutants in terms of human
health worldwide are pathogenic organisms.
· The main source of these pathogens is from untreated
or improperly treated human wastes.
· In developed countries, sewage treatment plants and
other pollution-control techniques have reduced or
eliminated most of the worst sources of pathogens in
inland surface waters.

6. Land pollution, owing to human activities,
and desertification, due to loss of vegetation
has left the surface of the planet unsuitable for
human use. Land degradation can be attributed
to the fact that we have become too laid-back in
terms preservation of the nature. Improper soil
use, haphazard waste disposal, large-scale
deforestation and other such human activities
harmful for nature are on the rise, something
which is invariably taking a toll on our natural
surroundings.

7. Climate change has become more than obvious
over the past decade, with nine years of the
decade making it to the list of hottest years the
planet has ever witnessed. The rise in
temperature has also ensured that the equations
on the planet have gone for a toss. Some of the
most obvious signs of this include irregularities in
weather, frequent storms, melting glaciers, rising
levels of sea etc. Going by the prevailing
conditions, it is not difficult to anticipate that the
planet

8. Major Environmental Issues

9. CONT’D
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Civil conflicts involving natural resources---coal,
forest land for cultivation.
Increasing pollution have led to an increase in air
pollution, shifting precipitation patterns and
declining intervals of drought recurrence
Resource misdistribution.
Global warming.

10. Major Issues:-

11. What Is Deforestation ?
Deforestation refers to the cutting, clearing, and removal of rainforest
or related ecosystems into less bio-diverse ecosystems such as
pasture, cropland, or plantations
What are the causes of deforestation?
1. Logging
2. Mining
3. Oil and gas extraction
4. Cattle ranching
5. Agriculture: Cash crops
6. Local, National, and International factors: development, land titles,
government subsidies to attract corporations into developing countries,
trade agreements (NAFTA, CAFTA), civil wars, debt, lack of resources,
and lack of law enforcement

12. What Is Desertification?
Desertification is the degradation of land in arid, semi-arid, and dry subhumid areas due to various factors: including climatic variations and
human activities. Desertification is one of the world's most alarming
global environmental problems. It takes place worldwide in dry lands.
What are the causes of deforestation?
desertification is caused by complex interactions among
1. Physical
2. Biological
3. Political
4. Social
5. Cultural
6. Economic factors.

14. There are many ways we can prevent environmental problems,
especially Global Warming. Common and simple ways we can help
save our environment are as follows:
1.
Stop using spray products with CFC's
2.
Stop burning wastes especially non-biodegradable.
3.
As individuals, the only thing we can help prevent
environmental problems is to keep our environment clean.
4.
Plant more and more trees. Stop Deforestation.
5.
Use Public transport to Travel as it will save money, fuel
and there will be less air pollution.