This document discusses how to interpret the number of fans on a Facebook fan page. It begins with an introduction that notes there are over 1 billion monthly active Facebook users, making it an attractive platform for marketing. The document then discusses relevant theoretical background, specifically how face-to-face communication allows for reciprocal influence. It identifies key communication conditions that impact effectiveness: structure, climate, and power. Finally, it discusses communication strategies like frequency, direction, modality, and content and hypothesizes that these strategies moderate the relationship between conditions and a fan page's communicability.
This is the presentation I gave for the Jesse Jones Fellowship at the College of Communication of the University of Texas at Austin in Fall 2009. Explains an overview of my research on citizens' political talk and why it matters.
This slide show summarizes a few key conclusions of the Payne Fund Study, headed by Herbert Blumer. It used symbolic interactionism to analysis media effects of children through college-age young adults.
This is the presentation I gave for the Jesse Jones Fellowship at the College of Communication of the University of Texas at Austin in Fall 2009. Explains an overview of my research on citizens' political talk and why it matters.
This slide show summarizes a few key conclusions of the Payne Fund Study, headed by Herbert Blumer. It used symbolic interactionism to analysis media effects of children through college-age young adults.
Reading list for presentation "The Joneses: Communication Networks to Do Your Dirty Work" presented 16 April 2012 at MinneWebCon: Minnesota's Web Conference.
A presentation that briefly entails the major theories of mass communication. Spiral of silence,Two step flow theory,Multi-step flow, cultivation theory,mean world syndrome and normative theories.
The Two-Step Flow of Communication: An Up-to-Date Report on an Hypothesis Elihu Katz (1957)
- The People's Choice
- The Two-Step Flow Theory
- Opinion Leaders and Opinion Followers
- Minimal/ Limited Paradigm vs. Mass Society Paradigm
- Strengths and Limitations of The Two-Step Flow Theory
- Elmira Study, Rovere Study, Decatur Study and Drug Study
- Diffusion of Innovation
- Personal Influence vs. Mass Influence
- Impact of Personal Influence
- Flow of Personal Influence
Russell Benamore or Arla Foods gave a talk as part of the 2010 series of Careers After Biological Sciences talks at the University of Leicester.
www.biosciencecareers.wordpress.com
Reading list for presentation "The Joneses: Communication Networks to Do Your Dirty Work" presented 16 April 2012 at MinneWebCon: Minnesota's Web Conference.
A presentation that briefly entails the major theories of mass communication. Spiral of silence,Two step flow theory,Multi-step flow, cultivation theory,mean world syndrome and normative theories.
The Two-Step Flow of Communication: An Up-to-Date Report on an Hypothesis Elihu Katz (1957)
- The People's Choice
- The Two-Step Flow Theory
- Opinion Leaders and Opinion Followers
- Minimal/ Limited Paradigm vs. Mass Society Paradigm
- Strengths and Limitations of The Two-Step Flow Theory
- Elmira Study, Rovere Study, Decatur Study and Drug Study
- Diffusion of Innovation
- Personal Influence vs. Mass Influence
- Impact of Personal Influence
- Flow of Personal Influence
Russell Benamore or Arla Foods gave a talk as part of the 2010 series of Careers After Biological Sciences talks at the University of Leicester.
www.biosciencecareers.wordpress.com
JPRE: Can every class be a Twitter chat? Cross-institutional collaboration an...Robert French
JPRE Vol. 1, No. 1 - Can every class be a Twitter chat? Cross-institutional collaboration and experiential learning in the social media classroom, Journal of Public Relations Education
Table of Contents
Research Articles
Can every class be a Twitter chat?: Cross-institutional collaboration and experiential learning in the social media classroom
Authors:
Julia Daisy Fraustino, West Virginia University
Rowena Briones, Virginia Commonwealth University
Melissa Jansoke, University of Memphis
In their own words: A thematic analysis of students’ comments about their writing skills in mass communication programs
Authors:
Scott Kuehn, Clarion University of Pennsylvania
Andrew Lingwall, Clarion University of Pennsylvania
Teaching Briefs
Integrating leadership in public relations education to
develop future leaders
Author:
Juan Meng , University of Georgia
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
COMM 3023 Article Critique PaperTitle Page & Abstract1. Att.docxmccormicknadine86
COMM 3023 Article Critique Paper
Title Page & Abstract
1. Attach a title page as the FIRST PAGE OF THE PAPER. List the names of your team members and your university affiliation.
2. Attach an abstract as the SECOND PAGE OF THE PAPER. The abstract provides a ‘nutshell’ summary of the ENTIRE PAPER. It should be between 100-150 words long.
Literature Review
1. Provide a review of the “original study” by telling us:
· What was the purpose of the study?
· What variables were examined as part of the study? (identify & define the independent and dependent variables)
· What method was used in the study? (summarize the procedures & measures used)
· What were the findings?
2. Clearly state the hypotheses and research questions examined by the researchers. For hypotheses, describe them in terms of the type of hypotheses proposed.
Critique
1. Evaluate the literature review in terms of whether the variables were clearly defined, arguments were clearly made, and hypotheses/RQs were clearly stated based on previous research.
2. Evaluate the methods used to tests hypotheses or answer RQs. Specifically:
· Identify strengths and weaknesses of the sampling strategy used by the researcher.
· Assess quality of the measures used in terms of both their validity and reliability. Use information in the article to back up your claims.
· Evaluate the procedures and design of the study to test the hypotheses. Clearly identify and discuss threats to both internal validity & external validity.
3. Evaluate the discussion section in terms of how well or poorly the researchers summarized the findings of the study. Additionally:
· Did they discuss any limitations to their study?
· Did they talk about implications of the results (e.g., for theory or practice)?
· Did they suggest directions for future research or pose additional research questions to be explored?
Conclusion
1. Based on your overall critique of the article, provide a list of specific recommendations for improving the study (e.g., a different sample would be more appropriate, the variables could have been more clearly defined, a better quality measure should have been used, etc.).
2. Pretend your team was to rate the article on a grading scale. What grade would you give the article? Why? Be sure to provide justification for the grade given.
The expected total length for the paper is 8-10 pages. The paper is due on Canvas in the Dropbox no later than 5 p.m. CST on Friday, March 15.
The “Mere Presence” Hypothesis:
Investigating the Nonverbal Effects of
Cell-Phone Presence on Conversation
Satisfaction
Ryan J. Allred & John P. Crowley
Prior research has supported the mere presence hypothesis, which suggests that cell phones
act as an environmental nuisance that negatively impact the quality of face-to-face inter-
actions. This study conducted an experiment to determine whether cell-phone presence
negatively influences conversation satisfaction. Specifically, network member dyads
(N ...
COMM 3023 Article Critique PaperTitle Page & Abstract1. Att.docxcargillfilberto
COMM 3023 Article Critique Paper
Title Page & Abstract
1. Attach a title page as the FIRST PAGE OF THE PAPER. List the names of your team members and your university affiliation.
2. Attach an abstract as the SECOND PAGE OF THE PAPER. The abstract provides a ‘nutshell’ summary of the ENTIRE PAPER. It should be between 100-150 words long.
Literature Review
1. Provide a review of the “original study” by telling us:
· What was the purpose of the study?
· What variables were examined as part of the study? (identify & define the independent and dependent variables)
· What method was used in the study? (summarize the procedures & measures used)
· What were the findings?
2. Clearly state the hypotheses and research questions examined by the researchers. For hypotheses, describe them in terms of the type of hypotheses proposed.
Critique
1. Evaluate the literature review in terms of whether the variables were clearly defined, arguments were clearly made, and hypotheses/RQs were clearly stated based on previous research.
2. Evaluate the methods used to tests hypotheses or answer RQs. Specifically:
· Identify strengths and weaknesses of the sampling strategy used by the researcher.
· Assess quality of the measures used in terms of both their validity and reliability. Use information in the article to back up your claims.
· Evaluate the procedures and design of the study to test the hypotheses. Clearly identify and discuss threats to both internal validity & external validity.
3. Evaluate the discussion section in terms of how well or poorly the researchers summarized the findings of the study. Additionally:
· Did they discuss any limitations to their study?
· Did they talk about implications of the results (e.g., for theory or practice)?
· Did they suggest directions for future research or pose additional research questions to be explored?
Conclusion
1. Based on your overall critique of the article, provide a list of specific recommendations for improving the study (e.g., a different sample would be more appropriate, the variables could have been more clearly defined, a better quality measure should have been used, etc.).
2. Pretend your team was to rate the article on a grading scale. What grade would you give the article? Why? Be sure to provide justification for the grade given.
The expected total length for the paper is 8-10 pages. The paper is due on Canvas in the Dropbox no later than 5 p.m. CST on Friday, March 15.
The “Mere Presence” Hypothesis:
Investigating the Nonverbal Effects of
Cell-Phone Presence on Conversation
Satisfaction
Ryan J. Allred & John P. Crowley
Prior research has supported the mere presence hypothesis, which suggests that cell phones
act as an environmental nuisance that negatively impact the quality of face-to-face inter-
actions. This study conducted an experiment to determine whether cell-phone presence
negatively influences conversation satisfaction. Specifically, network member dyads
(N.
COMM 3023 Article Critique PaperTitle Page & Abstract1. Att.docxdrandy1
COMM 3023 Article Critique Paper
Title Page & Abstract
1. Attach a title page as the FIRST PAGE OF THE PAPER. List the names of your team members and your university affiliation.
2. Attach an abstract as the SECOND PAGE OF THE PAPER. The abstract provides a ‘nutshell’ summary of the ENTIRE PAPER. It should be between 100-150 words long.
Literature Review
1. Provide a review of the “original study” by telling us:
· What was the purpose of the study?
· What variables were examined as part of the study? (identify & define the independent and dependent variables)
· What method was used in the study? (summarize the procedures & measures used)
· What were the findings?
2. Clearly state the hypotheses and research questions examined by the researchers. For hypotheses, describe them in terms of the type of hypotheses proposed.
Critique
1. Evaluate the literature review in terms of whether the variables were clearly defined, arguments were clearly made, and hypotheses/RQs were clearly stated based on previous research.
2. Evaluate the methods used to tests hypotheses or answer RQs. Specifically:
· Identify strengths and weaknesses of the sampling strategy used by the researcher.
· Assess quality of the measures used in terms of both their validity and reliability. Use information in the article to back up your claims.
· Evaluate the procedures and design of the study to test the hypotheses. Clearly identify and discuss threats to both internal validity & external validity.
3. Evaluate the discussion section in terms of how well or poorly the researchers summarized the findings of the study. Additionally:
· Did they discuss any limitations to their study?
· Did they talk about implications of the results (e.g., for theory or practice)?
· Did they suggest directions for future research or pose additional research questions to be explored?
Conclusion
1. Based on your overall critique of the article, provide a list of specific recommendations for improving the study (e.g., a different sample would be more appropriate, the variables could have been more clearly defined, a better quality measure should have been used, etc.).
2. Pretend your team was to rate the article on a grading scale. What grade would you give the article? Why? Be sure to provide justification for the grade given.
The expected total length for the paper is 8-10 pages. The paper is due on Canvas in the Dropbox no later than 5 p.m. CST on Friday, March 15.
The “Mere Presence” Hypothesis:
Investigating the Nonverbal Effects of
Cell-Phone Presence on Conversation
Satisfaction
Ryan J. Allred & John P. Crowley
Prior research has supported the mere presence hypothesis, which suggests that cell phones
act as an environmental nuisance that negatively impact the quality of face-to-face inter-
actions. This study conducted an experiment to determine whether cell-phone presence
negatively influences conversation satisfaction. Specifically, network member dyads
(N.
Alageel 3ReferencesAntheunis, M. L., Schouten, A. P.,.docxnettletondevon
Alageel 3
References:
Antheunis, M. L., Schouten, A. P., Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2012). Interactive uncertainty
reduction strategies and verbal affection in Computer-Mediated Communication.
Communication Research, 39(6), 757-780.
Burgoon, J. K., Bonito, J., Ramirez, A. , Jr., Dunbar, N., Kam, K., & Fischer, J. (2002). Testing
the interactivity principle: Effects of mediation, propinquity, and verbal and nonverbal
modalities in interpersonal interaction. Journal of Communication, 52(3), 657-677.
Mcmahan, E. M. (1976). Nonverbal communication as a function of attribution in impression
formation. Communication Monographs, 43(4), 287-294.
Miczo, N., Segrin, C., & Allspach, L. E. (2001). R etw nonverbal sensitivity,
encoding, and relational satisfaction. ommunication Reports 14 ), 39-48.
Ray, G. B., & Floyd, K. (2006). Nonverbal expressions o Ikmg and disliking in initial
interaction: Encoding and decoding perspectives. Southern Communication Journal,
71(1), 45-65.
Alageel 2
IV: Type of nonverbal usage, such as physical touch, eye contact, written words if provided, etc.
The chosen topic for the research proposal will be about the nonverbal
communication
Impact on friendships and romantic relationships.
e reason for choosing the topic is to check how the nonverb
commumca
iffer d how unication style
is
lookat the studies that are already discussedpre There are a lot of ways to express the nonverbal interactions in different situations,
y.
such as expressing emotions at first time and later meetings, showing preferences, using socimedia later for exampling, etc. The fo thefuture paperis-to ow nonverbal
commun•cation was examined in many studies in different situations and what are
at the studies came up with to be applied in future research as for discovering different points
of view in interactions between people in relational experiences. As of how to form expresstons
er al cues from initial meeting and future meetings. The targeted people in the
research will be included from both genders at an adult age starting at 18 years and above.
Looking at Ray and Floyd (2006) is an example of a study for showing the preferences in
nonverbal emotions. Li
previous research while later sources will be provided throughout the process. The provided (\
research questions and variables are the building focus that is going to be tested for the research o
application regarding nonverbal communication settings. S-UV,—
does the firstlimpression make an impact in friendships and romantic r ionships?
D Gender Reaction towards the act.
SOCIAL NETWORKING EFFECTS 3
Running head: SOCIAL NETWORKING EFFECTS
The Impact of Social Networking Media on Adolescents
Student Name
Arizona State University
The Impact of Social Networking Media on Adolescents
In recent years, a rapid increase in technology has changed the way people communicat.
Running head SOCIAL MEDIA EFFECT ON INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHI.docxtoltonkendal
Running head: SOCIAL MEDIA EFFECT ON INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS 1
Social Media Effect on Interpersonal Relationships
Brenda Rouse
PHI103: Informal Logic
Instructor: Teresa Knox
February 13, 2017
- 1 -
[no notes on this page]
SOCIAL MEDIA EFFECT ON INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS 2
Social Media Effect on Interpersonal Relationships
The twenty-first century has experienced a sporadic increase in the use and innovation of
technology. There has been much improvement in people’s daily activities due to evolution in
innovations. However, so has been the increase in discussion on the appropriateness and the
costs that the society has had to pay because of the progress. For instance, use of social media
has been an issue that has led scholars to conduct extensive surveys, interviews, and experiments
with the hope of getting a grip on whether it has been of positive or negative influence to the
society. Among the most commonly, asked question is the role it has played in affecting
interpersonal relationships. Different theorists and scholars have had different opinions some of
which can be deduced through logical reasoning. One of the standard forms of expressing an
argument, which I will use in this discussion to draw a conclusion on the issue, would be:
P1: Communication with peer groups primary motivation of social media use
P2: Communication with peers promotes interpersonal relationships
C1: Social media enhances interpersonal relationships.
The first premise has been a result of some of the different studies that have been
influenced by the advent of increased social media use. According to Valerie Barker (2009),
scholarly data on the issue produced results that implied that a significantly high number of
social media users get to use the different platforms with the hope of interacting with their peers
(p. 211). Consequently, the respondents viewed the various platforms as an alternative to calling
their peers or sending them messages on their phones as a way of interaction. Before
popularization of social media, people would use their telephones to call or send messages to
their peers with the hope of engaging in a dialogue that would culminate in improved
relationships. Therefore, social media was seen as an alternative form of communication.
- 2 -
1
1. relationships.
Good format [Teresa Knox]
SOCIAL MEDIA EFFECT ON INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS 3
The second premise seeks to create a boundary between the first one and the conclusion.
Notably, one cannot engage in communication without expressing his or her ideas or emotions.
After all, communication is the one method using which one can send a message to a different
party. Therefore, in the course of communicating, different people get to learn about others and,
in the process, determine how best to deal with each other under different circumstances. As a
result, the relationship between the two parties improves after som ...
Running head SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT1SOCIAL MED.docxjeanettehully
Running head: SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 1
SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 13
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Nisha Cunningham
Felician University
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Annotated Bibliography
Best, P., Manktelowa, R., & Taylor, B. (2014). Online communication, social media, and adolescent wellbeing: A systematic narrative review. Children and Youth Services Review, 27-36.
The article looks into the growing debate about the effects of online social technologies on children and teenagers. Through an in-depth analysis of empirical research, the authors identify both the benefits and harmful effects of social media on young people. The article gives recommendations on how to minimize adverse impacts and increase the positive effects of social media.
Loureiro, K., Solnet, D., Bolton, R. P., Hoefnagels, A., Migchels, N., & Kabadayi, S. (2013). Understanding Generation Y and their use of social media: a review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management, 245-267.
Social media use has several implications for young people. This article refers to today's younger generation as Generation Y. The authors collect information to show the effects of social media on society, organizations, and individuals. Several research questions are derived to explain social media use in a better way.
Hutter, K., Hautz, J., Dennhardt, S., & Füller, J. (2013). The impact of user interactions in social media on brand awareness and purchase intention: the case of MINI on Facebook. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 342-351.
The article analyzes how social media influences the purchase of products. Through an online survey, the authors indicate how individuals can be talked into buying products over the internet. The authors use a mixed-method research method to show how social media has influenced the marketing of products.
Schwendler, I. L., & Trude, A. (2018). Implementation of Text-Messaging and Social Media Strategies in a Multilevel Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention: Process Evaluation Results. The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 187-198.
Social media has been highly attributed to the increase in obesity in young children. Children are spending more time on social media platforms. Physical exercise has dramatically reduced as more children embrace social media and their major entertainment. The article reviews the use of social media in both increasing and lowering obesity prevalence.
Lewin, C., & Greenhow, C. (2016). Social media and education: reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal learning. Journal of Learning, Media and Technology, 6-30.
Social media has several effects on society. Some people have argued that social media has the potential of creating a bridge between formal and informal learning. Social media affects learning at both levels. This article analyzes the use of ...
Running head SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT1SOCIAL MED.docxinfantkimber
Running head: SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 1
SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 13
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Nisha Cunningham
Felician University
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Annotated Bibliography
Best, P., Manktelowa, R., & Taylor, B. (2014). Online communication, social media, and adolescent wellbeing: A systematic narrative review. Children and Youth Services Review, 27-36.
The article looks into the growing debate about the effects of online social technologies on children and teenagers. Through an in-depth analysis of empirical research, the authors identify both the benefits and harmful effects of social media on young people. The article gives recommendations on how to minimize adverse impacts and increase the positive effects of social media.
Loureiro, K., Solnet, D., Bolton, R. P., Hoefnagels, A., Migchels, N., & Kabadayi, S. (2013). Understanding Generation Y and their use of social media: a review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management, 245-267.
Social media use has several implications for young people. This article refers to today's younger generation as Generation Y. The authors collect information to show the effects of social media on society, organizations, and individuals. Several research questions are derived to explain social media use in a better way.
Hutter, K., Hautz, J., Dennhardt, S., & Füller, J. (2013). The impact of user interactions in social media on brand awareness and purchase intention: the case of MINI on Facebook. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 342-351.
The article analyzes how social media influences the purchase of products. Through an online survey, the authors indicate how individuals can be talked into buying products over the internet. The authors use a mixed-method research method to show how social media has influenced the marketing of products.
Schwendler, I. L., & Trude, A. (2018). Implementation of Text-Messaging and Social Media Strategies in a Multilevel Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention: Process Evaluation Results. The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 187-198.
Social media has been highly attributed to the increase in obesity in young children. Children are spending more time on social media platforms. Physical exercise has dramatically reduced as more children embrace social media and their major entertainment. The article reviews the use of social media in both increasing and lowering obesity prevalence.
Lewin, C., & Greenhow, C. (2016). Social media and education: reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal learning. Journal of Learning, Media and Technology, 6-30.
Social media has several effects on society. Some people have argued that social media has the potential of creating a bridge between formal and informal learning. Social media affects learning at both levels. This article analyzes the use of ...
Running head SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT1SOCIAL MED.docxagnesdcarey33086
Running head: SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 1
SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 13
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Nisha Cunningham
Felician University
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Annotated Bibliography
Best, P., Manktelowa, R., & Taylor, B. (2014). Online communication, social media, and adolescent wellbeing: A systematic narrative review. Children and Youth Services Review, 27-36.
The article looks into the growing debate about the effects of online social technologies on children and teenagers. Through an in-depth analysis of empirical research, the authors identify both the benefits and harmful effects of social media on young people. The article gives recommendations on how to minimize adverse impacts and increase the positive effects of social media.
Loureiro, K., Solnet, D., Bolton, R. P., Hoefnagels, A., Migchels, N., & Kabadayi, S. (2013). Understanding Generation Y and their use of social media: a review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management, 245-267.
Social media use has several implications for young people. This article refers to today's younger generation as Generation Y. The authors collect information to show the effects of social media on society, organizations, and individuals. Several research questions are derived to explain social media use in a better way.
Hutter, K., Hautz, J., Dennhardt, S., & Füller, J. (2013). The impact of user interactions in social media on brand awareness and purchase intention: the case of MINI on Facebook. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 342-351.
The article analyzes how social media influences the purchase of products. Through an online survey, the authors indicate how individuals can be talked into buying products over the internet. The authors use a mixed-method research method to show how social media has influenced the marketing of products.
Schwendler, I. L., & Trude, A. (2018). Implementation of Text-Messaging and Social Media Strategies in a Multilevel Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention: Process Evaluation Results. The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 187-198.
Social media has been highly attributed to the increase in obesity in young children. Children are spending more time on social media platforms. Physical exercise has dramatically reduced as more children embrace social media and their major entertainment. The article reviews the use of social media in both increasing and lowering obesity prevalence.
Lewin, C., & Greenhow, C. (2016). Social media and education: reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal learning. Journal of Learning, Media and Technology, 6-30.
Social media has several effects on society. Some people have argued that social media has the potential of creating a bridge between formal and informal learning. Social media affects learning at both levels. This article analyzes the use of .
Running head SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT1SOCIAL MED.docxtodd521
Running head: SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 1
SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 13
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Nisha Cunningham
Felician University
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Annotated Bibliography
Best, P., Manktelowa, R., & Taylor, B. (2014). Online communication, social media, and adolescent wellbeing: A systematic narrative review. Children and Youth Services Review, 27-36.
The article looks into the growing debate about the effects of online social technologies on children and teenagers. Through an in-depth analysis of empirical research, the authors identify both the benefits and harmful effects of social media on young people. The article gives recommendations on how to minimize adverse impacts and increase the positive effects of social media.
Loureiro, K., Solnet, D., Bolton, R. P., Hoefnagels, A., Migchels, N., & Kabadayi, S. (2013). Understanding Generation Y and their use of social media: a review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management, 245-267.
Social media use has several implications for young people. This article refers to today's younger generation as Generation Y. The authors collect information to show the effects of social media on society, organizations, and individuals. Several research questions are derived to explain social media use in a better way.
Hutter, K., Hautz, J., Dennhardt, S., & Füller, J. (2013). The impact of user interactions in social media on brand awareness and purchase intention: the case of MINI on Facebook. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 342-351.
The article analyzes how social media influences the purchase of products. Through an online survey, the authors indicate how individuals can be talked into buying products over the internet. The authors use a mixed-method research method to show how social media has influenced the marketing of products.
Schwendler, I. L., & Trude, A. (2018). Implementation of Text-Messaging and Social Media Strategies in a Multilevel Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention: Process Evaluation Results. The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 187-198.
Social media has been highly attributed to the increase in obesity in young children. Children are spending more time on social media platforms. Physical exercise has dramatically reduced as more children embrace social media and their major entertainment. The article reviews the use of social media in both increasing and lowering obesity prevalence.
Lewin, C., & Greenhow, C. (2016). Social media and education: reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal learning. Journal of Learning, Media and Technology, 6-30.
Social media has several effects on society. Some people have argued that social media has the potential of creating a bridge between formal and informal learning. Social media affects learning at both levels. This article analyzes the use of .
RESEARCH ARTICLETalking about Climate Change and GlobalW.docxdebishakespeare
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Talking about Climate Change and Global
Warming
Maurice Lineman☯, Yuno Do☯, Ji Yoon Kim, Gea-Jae Joo*
College of Natural Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, South
Korea
☯ These authors contributed equally to this work.
* [email protected]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of social networks provides researchers greater opportunities to
evaluate and assess changes in public opinion and public sentiment towards issues of
social consequence. Using trend and sentiment analysis is one method whereby research-
ers can identify changes in public perception that can be used to enhance the development
of a social consciousness towards a specific public interest. The following study assessed
Relative search volume (RSV) patterns for global warming (GW) and Climate change (CC)
to determine public knowledge and awareness of these terms. In conjunction with this, the
researchers looked at the sentiment connected to these terms in social media networks. It
was found that there was a relationship between the awareness of the information and the
amount of publicity generated around the terminology. Furthermore, the primary driver for
the increase in awareness was an increase in publicity in either a positive or a negative
light. Sentiment analysis further confirmed that the primary emotive connections to the
words were derived from the original context in which the word was framed. Thus having
awareness or knowledge of a topic is strongly related to its public exposure in the media,
and the emotional context of this relationship is dependent on the context in which the rela-
tionship was originally established. This has value in fields like conservation, law enforce-
ment, or other fields where the practice can and often does have two very strong emotive
responses based on the context of the problems being examined.
Introduction
Identifying trends in the population, used to be a long and drawn out process utilizing surveys
and polls and then collating the data to determine what is currently most popular with the pop-
ulation [1, 2]. This is true for everything that was of merit to the political organizations present,
regarding any issue of political or public interest.
Recently, the use of the two terms ‘Climate Change’ and ‘Global Warming’ have become
very visible to the public and their understanding of what is happening with respect to the cli-
mate [3]. The public response to all of the news and publicity about climate has been a search
for understanding and comprehension, leading to support or disbelief. The two terms while
PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0138996 September 29, 2015 1 / 12
a11111
OPEN ACCESS
Citation: Lineman M, Do Y, Kim JY, Joo G-J (2015)
Talking about Climate Change and Global Warming.
PLoS ONE 10(9): e0138996. doi:10.1371/journal.
pone.0138996
Editor: Hayley J. Fowler, Newcastle University,
UNITED KINGDOM
Received: August 18, 2014
Accepted: ...
Techniques to optimize the pagerank algorithm usually fall in two categories. One is to try reducing the work per iteration, and the other is to try reducing the number of iterations. These goals are often at odds with one another. Skipping computation on vertices which have already converged has the potential to save iteration time. Skipping in-identical vertices, with the same in-links, helps reduce duplicate computations and thus could help reduce iteration time. Road networks often have chains which can be short-circuited before pagerank computation to improve performance. Final ranks of chain nodes can be easily calculated. This could reduce both the iteration time, and the number of iterations. If a graph has no dangling nodes, pagerank of each strongly connected component can be computed in topological order. This could help reduce the iteration time, no. of iterations, and also enable multi-iteration concurrency in pagerank computation. The combination of all of the above methods is the STICD algorithm. [sticd] For dynamic graphs, unchanged components whose ranks are unaffected can be skipped altogether.
As Europe's leading economic powerhouse and the fourth-largest hashtag#economy globally, Germany stands at the forefront of innovation and industrial might. Renowned for its precision engineering and high-tech sectors, Germany's economic structure is heavily supported by a robust service industry, accounting for approximately 68% of its GDP. This economic clout and strategic geopolitical stance position Germany as a focal point in the global cyber threat landscape.
In the face of escalating global tensions, particularly those emanating from geopolitical disputes with nations like hashtag#Russia and hashtag#China, hashtag#Germany has witnessed a significant uptick in targeted cyber operations. Our analysis indicates a marked increase in hashtag#cyberattack sophistication aimed at critical infrastructure and key industrial sectors. These attacks range from ransomware campaigns to hashtag#AdvancedPersistentThreats (hashtag#APTs), threatening national security and business integrity.
🔑 Key findings include:
🔍 Increased frequency and complexity of cyber threats.
🔍 Escalation of state-sponsored and criminally motivated cyber operations.
🔍 Active dark web exchanges of malicious tools and tactics.
Our comprehensive report delves into these challenges, using a blend of open-source and proprietary data collection techniques. By monitoring activity on critical networks and analyzing attack patterns, our team provides a detailed overview of the threats facing German entities.
This report aims to equip stakeholders across public and private sectors with the knowledge to enhance their defensive strategies, reduce exposure to cyber risks, and reinforce Germany's resilience against cyber threats.
3. Introduction
According to the survey conducted by
Facebook itself, there are 1.11 billion active
Facebook users monthly that leads to
practitioners striving to promote their
marketing activities on such a huge
marketplace with different official tools.
‘First Quarter 2013 Results’
Facebook Reports (2013)
4. Introduction
Moreover, if people do not like the Fan Page
for some reasons, they do not actually take
the time to “unlike” the Fan Page unless the
Page has done something outright offensive
to them .
（ Garst, K. 2012)
5. Theoretical Background
Face-to-face is one of communication
methods adopted by people to communicate
with others. Goffman argued that reciprocal
influences among individuals can be
presented when people physically
communicates with others.
（ Goffman, E.1959 ）
7. Structure
The network structure of who is
connected to whom can critically affect
the extent to which a behavior diffuses
across a population.
(Centola, D. 2010)
8. Climate
Climate is another condition that affects
communication effectiveness.
(Schul, P.L., Little, T.E. & Pride, W.M. 1985)
9. Power
Power refers to an ability to control
decision variables in the marketing
strategy of another member in a given
channel at a different level of
distribution.
(El-Ansary, A.I. & Stern, L.W. 1972)
13. Direction
Communication direction is defined
as the way in which a message is
moving forward to.
(Farace, R.V., Monge, P.R. &
Russell, H.M. 1977)
14. Modality
Communication modality is a
particular way of transferring or
presenting message.
(Unnava, H.R., Burnkrant, R.E. &
Erevelles, S. 1994)
15. Content
There are three types of content
commonly presented in Facebook,
such as text only, text with photo,
and text with video.
16. Hypothesis 2: In Fan Page, the effects of
communication conditions
on communicability are
expected to be moderated
by its communication
strategies.
