Genetic engineering involves manipulating an organism's genes to create desired traits. Scientists use genetic engineering to study gene functions by removing genes and observing the effects. With genome mapping, scientists can alter genes in other organisms to produce beneficial products for humans, such as more nutritious and pest-resistant crops. However, long term effects of genetically engineered foods on human health are still unknown. Genetic engineering also allows designing human embryos by selecting specific genes and characteristics, but this raises ethical concerns.

1. Genetic Engineering

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