This document provides an introduction to internal audits, including defining what an internal audit is, who conducts and is audited, what documents are reviewed, how the audit process is planned and conducted, and how findings are reported. It describes internal auditors as competent professionals who independently audit processes by reviewing documents, conducting inspections and interviews to make objective assessments. It outlines what areas and documents are reviewed, how audit plans and schedules are developed, where audits take place, the audit process, and how findings are categorized and addressed.
The document discusses the importance and principles of auditing quality management systems. It defines key audit terms and outlines the audit process, including planning, execution, reporting, and follow-up. Audits are necessary to ensure effectiveness of quality system implementation, evaluate performance, and drive continuous improvement. The audit process involves preparing an audit program and checklists, conducting opening and closing meetings, gathering objective evidence through observation and documentation review, and issuing corrective actions when nonconformities are found.
This document provides an overview and approach to reviewing PV Systems. The goals are to quickly understand the overall safety system, develop hypotheses on risk areas, and prioritize deeper reviews. The approach establishes governance, reviews the organization, safety system including decision authority, performance metrics, and key safety issues. It recommends establishing a project team including safety, medical, R&D, and legal stakeholders. The review would include surveys, staff backgrounds, organizational structure, governance processes, roles and responsibilities, safety procedures, geographic footprint, communication processes, applications, performance monitoring, and addressing product safety issues. The next steps are to synthesize findings, recommend improvements, and implement and measure success over time through iteration.
Monitoring involves systematically recording observations, gathering information, analyzing data, documenting processes, reflecting on implementation, and taking action or re-planning as needed to ensure a project stays on track. It is an ongoing, continuous process that helps managers make day-to-day decisions and provides information for periodic evaluations. Evaluation assesses and judges the relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, sustainability, and impact of a project. It compares indicators before and after project completion to determine outcomes and provide strategic recommendations to inform future planning. The relationship between monitoring and evaluation is that monitoring provides ongoing data collection and analysis to alert managers to any necessary corrections, while evaluation relies on monitoring data as well as other sources of information to make major judgments about a project's overall success
The document discusses quality audits in the pharmaceutical industry. It defines a quality audit as an objective, systematic, independent and documented assessment of a company's quality system against given criteria. Audits are intended to provide unfiltered information to management, help minimize risk, and ensure the company remains in a state of control. The document emphasizes that audits should make quality systems compliant, effective and efficient. It provides tips for selecting qualified auditors, communicating results to management, and ensuring corrective actions are taken to continuously improve processes.
Auditing is an important part of quality assurance and quality management. It involves systematically and objectively evaluating processes, systems, or services against predefined standards to ensure compliance. The goals of auditing are to find any deviations from these standards, analyze their causes, and implement changes to improve performance and prevent issues from reoccurring. Auditing can be internal, conducted by an organization's own staff, or external, conducted by independent third parties. It follows a standard process of planning, data collection on site, analysis, reporting, and verifying that any necessary corrective actions were successfully implemented.
Key Characteristics Of The Performance Excellence CriteriaPeter Stinson
An overview of the key characteristics of the Baldrige Criteria for Performance Excellence, attempting to address the question, "Why use the Criteria?"
This document provides an introduction to internal audits, including defining what an internal audit is, who conducts and is audited, what documents are reviewed, how the audit process is planned and conducted, and how findings are reported. It describes internal auditors as competent professionals who independently audit processes by reviewing documents, conducting inspections and interviews to make objective assessments. It outlines what areas and documents are reviewed, how audit plans and schedules are developed, where audits take place, the audit process, and how findings are categorized and addressed.
The document discusses the importance and principles of auditing quality management systems. It defines key audit terms and outlines the audit process, including planning, execution, reporting, and follow-up. Audits are necessary to ensure effectiveness of quality system implementation, evaluate performance, and drive continuous improvement. The audit process involves preparing an audit program and checklists, conducting opening and closing meetings, gathering objective evidence through observation and documentation review, and issuing corrective actions when nonconformities are found.
This document provides an overview and approach to reviewing PV Systems. The goals are to quickly understand the overall safety system, develop hypotheses on risk areas, and prioritize deeper reviews. The approach establishes governance, reviews the organization, safety system including decision authority, performance metrics, and key safety issues. It recommends establishing a project team including safety, medical, R&D, and legal stakeholders. The review would include surveys, staff backgrounds, organizational structure, governance processes, roles and responsibilities, safety procedures, geographic footprint, communication processes, applications, performance monitoring, and addressing product safety issues. The next steps are to synthesize findings, recommend improvements, and implement and measure success over time through iteration.
Monitoring involves systematically recording observations, gathering information, analyzing data, documenting processes, reflecting on implementation, and taking action or re-planning as needed to ensure a project stays on track. It is an ongoing, continuous process that helps managers make day-to-day decisions and provides information for periodic evaluations. Evaluation assesses and judges the relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, sustainability, and impact of a project. It compares indicators before and after project completion to determine outcomes and provide strategic recommendations to inform future planning. The relationship between monitoring and evaluation is that monitoring provides ongoing data collection and analysis to alert managers to any necessary corrections, while evaluation relies on monitoring data as well as other sources of information to make major judgments about a project's overall success
The document discusses quality audits in the pharmaceutical industry. It defines a quality audit as an objective, systematic, independent and documented assessment of a company's quality system against given criteria. Audits are intended to provide unfiltered information to management, help minimize risk, and ensure the company remains in a state of control. The document emphasizes that audits should make quality systems compliant, effective and efficient. It provides tips for selecting qualified auditors, communicating results to management, and ensuring corrective actions are taken to continuously improve processes.
Auditing is an important part of quality assurance and quality management. It involves systematically and objectively evaluating processes, systems, or services against predefined standards to ensure compliance. The goals of auditing are to find any deviations from these standards, analyze their causes, and implement changes to improve performance and prevent issues from reoccurring. Auditing can be internal, conducted by an organization's own staff, or external, conducted by independent third parties. It follows a standard process of planning, data collection on site, analysis, reporting, and verifying that any necessary corrective actions were successfully implemented.
Key Characteristics Of The Performance Excellence CriteriaPeter Stinson
An overview of the key characteristics of the Baldrige Criteria for Performance Excellence, attempting to address the question, "Why use the Criteria?"
This document provides a checklist for auditing processes to assess compliance with ISO 9001:2015. The checklist includes questions addressing process definition, resources, execution, monitoring, and improvement. Scoring criteria are provided to rate audit findings as compliant, opportunity for improvement, minor nonconformance, or major nonconformance. The checklist is intended to ensure audits are conducted systematically and consistently.
This document discusses database auditing and security. It begins by stating that database auditing is key to ensuring data confidentiality, integrity and accessibility, and that database security is not effective without auditing. It then provides overviews of auditing, defining terms like audit logs, objectives, procedures and reports. It describes auditing activities, environments, processes and objectives. It outlines the components of a database auditing environment and classifications and types of audits, including internal, external, automatic, manual and hybrid audits.
The document provides information on conducting internal audits, including:
1) It discusses auditor competence and responsibilities, such as being objective, ethical, and maintaining confidentiality.
2) It explains how to manage an audit program, including establishing objectives and procedures, scheduling audits, and maintaining records.
3) It describes the audit process, from planning and document review, to conducting on-site activities like interviews and observations, and preparing the audit report.
The document outlines the key aspects of implementing an ISO9001:2008 quality management system, including establishing a quality management committee, appointing a management representative and document controller, developing a quality manual with procedures, work instructions and forms, and a staged implementation process involving initial assessment and awareness training, documentation and implementation, and ultimately external audit and certification. The purpose of ISO9001:2008 is to increase business value through accountability, measurability, standardization, and effective management.
The document discusses audit working papers, including their types, purpose, content, and importance. It describes the different types of working paper files, including permanent, current, and correspondence files. It outlines the key elements that should be included in working papers, such as audit procedures performed, exceptions noted, and conclusions reached. It emphasizes that working papers provide evidence of the work done and conclusions reached during the audit. They allow an experienced auditor not connected to the audit to understand the nature, timing, and extent of audit procedures.
This document provides an overview of quality management systems and standards. It discusses ISO 9000 norms including ISO 9001, 9004, and 19011. It describes the requirements of an ISO 9001 quality management system including the purpose, standards, terms and definitions, management responsibilities, resource management, realization of services, measurement and improvement, and more. It also discusses implementing a quality management system including forming a work team, process mapping, staff training, audits, corrective actions, certification, and tools. Finally, it provides an example of quality assurance in education from Catalonia.
This chapter discusses quality in Central Service operations. It defines quality as meeting established standards consistently to satisfy customer needs. Key aspects of a quality program include administrative indicators like policies and procedures, customer satisfaction indicators, and technical indicators. The chapter covers quality tools like Failure Mode and Effects Analysis and Root Cause Analysis. Common quality programs discussed are quality assurance, continuous quality improvement, total quality management, and standards. The chapter concludes with reviewing quality procedures in Central Service like following safety protocols and checking work.
Tugas mandiri audit novita dewi 11353202277novita dewi
This document discusses information system audits. It defines an information system audit as testing the control activities of an IT infrastructure to ensure it meets standards. The document outlines the stages of an information system audit including preliminary examination, detailed examination, conformance testing, evidence verification, and overall assessment. It also discusses who can conduct audits, including management, IT managers, specialists, and users. The document provides an overview of the IT audit process and principles as well as the outputs, which typically include an audit report detailing the scope, methodology, findings, and conclusions.
The auditing process involves systematically obtaining and evaluating evidence to determine if assertions align with criteria, and communicating results. It examines a company's internal controls, accounting systems, and procedures. Assessing control risk evaluates how well controls prevent misstatements. High control risk requires extensive substantive testing, while low risk may allow reliance on controls with less substantive testing. Information technology can impact controls, audit trails, and the auditing process.
Internal auditing is a systematic process to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of an organization's management system. It compares the actual system to requirements to identify areas for improvement. The key phases of an internal audit are preparation, proceedings where evidence is collected, reporting findings, and follow-up to ensure actions are completed. First party audits are internal audits conducted by an organization on itself, while second and third party audits involve external parties. Planning internal audits involves determining scope, frequency, and qualified auditors to evaluate processes objectively.
The documentation system is key to cGMP and establishes formats and traceability. Documents must be maintained in a controlled manner and provide records for compliance. Written procedures exist for all production, quality control, packaging and labeling processes. Documentation provides organized information that serves as proof and answers for regulators: what is being done, why, if procedures are being followed, and if things are under control. The documentation system integrates tasks like generation, review, approval, distribution and retention/destruction of documents.
This document provides an introduction to quality management system audits. It defines an audit as a systematic, independent and documented process for evaluating evidence objectively to determine if audit criteria are fulfilled. Audits are required by ISO 9001:2008 and help monitor/measure the management system, identify improvement opportunities, and promote continuous improvement. The benefits of auditing include increased awareness, reduced risk of failure, and achievement of planned results. The document then describes the types of audits, principles for auditors and audits, the PDCA methodology, elements of quality management system audits, typical audit activities from initiation to follow up, and techniques for collecting evidence and generating findings.
This document discusses good documentation practices. It defines good documentation as accurately recording all activities so there is documented evidence of what was done. It emphasizes that documentation is essential for quality assurance and regulatory compliance. The document outlines standards for documentation including contemporaneous record keeping, approvals, signatures, revisions, retention, and review. It describes typical elements of a documentation system and different types of documents.
The document provides guidance for internal auditors on ISO 9001:2015. It discusses planning an audit, conducting an opening and closing meeting, asking open-ended questions, documenting findings, and validating findings. The purpose of internal audits is to measure performance and determine conformance. Auditors should be prepared, conduct themselves professionally, and focus on continuous improvement opportunities.
This document summarizes a laboratory quality control workshop that will take place from October 21-22, 2020. The workshop will cover good documentation practices, which are the foundation of a quality management system. Key topics that will be discussed include the essential documents required for a quality management system, the document control process and master list, how to properly complete laboratory records, and understanding documentation compliance in audits. The workshop will provide templates for standard operating procedures and master lists to demonstrate proper documentation structure and format.
This document summarizes a laboratory quality control workshop that will take place from October 21-22, 2020. The workshop will cover good documentation practices, which are the foundation of a quality management system. Key topics that will be discussed include the essential documents required for a quality management system, the document control process and master list, how to properly complete laboratory records, and understanding documentation compliance in audits. The workshop will provide templates for standard operating procedures and master lists to demonstrate proper documentation structure and format.
The document discusses planning and documentation standards for internal audits. It covers objectives of planning, factors affecting the planning process and scope, and the planning process itself which includes establishing the audit universe and objectives. It emphasizes obtaining appropriate audit evidence to draw reasonable conclusions and reviewing evidence obtained. Documentation standards are also outlined, including matters to be documented, identification of preparers and reviewers, and document retention policies.
ISO 9001:2000 sets out the criteria for gaining certification and operating according to the quality standard. It requires a quality policy statement from management linked to business goals and customer needs. It also requires processes to be mapped, monitored, measured and analyzed to ensure quality objectives are met. Issues must be dealt with through corrective and preventive actions and internal audits to continually improve the quality system.
This document provides information on implementing a quality management system according to ISO 9000 standards. It outlines 14 steps for implementation:
1. Commitment from top management
2. Establishing an implementation team
3. Conducting awareness programs
4. Providing training
5. Conducting an initial status survey
6. Creating an implementation plan
7. Developing documentation
8. Controlling documents
9. Implementation
10. Internal quality audits
11. Management reviews
12. Pre-assessment audits
13. Certification and registration
14. Continual improvement
It also discusses quality management tools like check sheets, control charts, and Pareto charts that can be used for implementation
The document discusses various concepts related to quality assurance and auditing. It defines quality assurance and describes how evidence is used to ensure quality requirements are met. It also discusses different types of audits including internal, second party, and third party audits. The key components of structuring an audit program include planning audits, conducting audits, verifying findings, and following up on corrective actions. Audit reports should document objective findings and subjective judgements to evaluate performance. Product audits help estimate quality levels and effectiveness of inspections in determining conformance to specifications.
This document provides a checklist for auditing processes to assess compliance with ISO 9001:2015. The checklist includes questions addressing process definition, resources, execution, monitoring, and improvement. Scoring criteria are provided to rate audit findings as compliant, opportunity for improvement, minor nonconformance, or major nonconformance. The checklist is intended to ensure audits are conducted systematically and consistently.
This document discusses database auditing and security. It begins by stating that database auditing is key to ensuring data confidentiality, integrity and accessibility, and that database security is not effective without auditing. It then provides overviews of auditing, defining terms like audit logs, objectives, procedures and reports. It describes auditing activities, environments, processes and objectives. It outlines the components of a database auditing environment and classifications and types of audits, including internal, external, automatic, manual and hybrid audits.
The document provides information on conducting internal audits, including:
1) It discusses auditor competence and responsibilities, such as being objective, ethical, and maintaining confidentiality.
2) It explains how to manage an audit program, including establishing objectives and procedures, scheduling audits, and maintaining records.
3) It describes the audit process, from planning and document review, to conducting on-site activities like interviews and observations, and preparing the audit report.
The document outlines the key aspects of implementing an ISO9001:2008 quality management system, including establishing a quality management committee, appointing a management representative and document controller, developing a quality manual with procedures, work instructions and forms, and a staged implementation process involving initial assessment and awareness training, documentation and implementation, and ultimately external audit and certification. The purpose of ISO9001:2008 is to increase business value through accountability, measurability, standardization, and effective management.
The document discusses audit working papers, including their types, purpose, content, and importance. It describes the different types of working paper files, including permanent, current, and correspondence files. It outlines the key elements that should be included in working papers, such as audit procedures performed, exceptions noted, and conclusions reached. It emphasizes that working papers provide evidence of the work done and conclusions reached during the audit. They allow an experienced auditor not connected to the audit to understand the nature, timing, and extent of audit procedures.
This document provides an overview of quality management systems and standards. It discusses ISO 9000 norms including ISO 9001, 9004, and 19011. It describes the requirements of an ISO 9001 quality management system including the purpose, standards, terms and definitions, management responsibilities, resource management, realization of services, measurement and improvement, and more. It also discusses implementing a quality management system including forming a work team, process mapping, staff training, audits, corrective actions, certification, and tools. Finally, it provides an example of quality assurance in education from Catalonia.
This chapter discusses quality in Central Service operations. It defines quality as meeting established standards consistently to satisfy customer needs. Key aspects of a quality program include administrative indicators like policies and procedures, customer satisfaction indicators, and technical indicators. The chapter covers quality tools like Failure Mode and Effects Analysis and Root Cause Analysis. Common quality programs discussed are quality assurance, continuous quality improvement, total quality management, and standards. The chapter concludes with reviewing quality procedures in Central Service like following safety protocols and checking work.
Tugas mandiri audit novita dewi 11353202277novita dewi
This document discusses information system audits. It defines an information system audit as testing the control activities of an IT infrastructure to ensure it meets standards. The document outlines the stages of an information system audit including preliminary examination, detailed examination, conformance testing, evidence verification, and overall assessment. It also discusses who can conduct audits, including management, IT managers, specialists, and users. The document provides an overview of the IT audit process and principles as well as the outputs, which typically include an audit report detailing the scope, methodology, findings, and conclusions.
The auditing process involves systematically obtaining and evaluating evidence to determine if assertions align with criteria, and communicating results. It examines a company's internal controls, accounting systems, and procedures. Assessing control risk evaluates how well controls prevent misstatements. High control risk requires extensive substantive testing, while low risk may allow reliance on controls with less substantive testing. Information technology can impact controls, audit trails, and the auditing process.
Internal auditing is a systematic process to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of an organization's management system. It compares the actual system to requirements to identify areas for improvement. The key phases of an internal audit are preparation, proceedings where evidence is collected, reporting findings, and follow-up to ensure actions are completed. First party audits are internal audits conducted by an organization on itself, while second and third party audits involve external parties. Planning internal audits involves determining scope, frequency, and qualified auditors to evaluate processes objectively.
The documentation system is key to cGMP and establishes formats and traceability. Documents must be maintained in a controlled manner and provide records for compliance. Written procedures exist for all production, quality control, packaging and labeling processes. Documentation provides organized information that serves as proof and answers for regulators: what is being done, why, if procedures are being followed, and if things are under control. The documentation system integrates tasks like generation, review, approval, distribution and retention/destruction of documents.
This document provides an introduction to quality management system audits. It defines an audit as a systematic, independent and documented process for evaluating evidence objectively to determine if audit criteria are fulfilled. Audits are required by ISO 9001:2008 and help monitor/measure the management system, identify improvement opportunities, and promote continuous improvement. The benefits of auditing include increased awareness, reduced risk of failure, and achievement of planned results. The document then describes the types of audits, principles for auditors and audits, the PDCA methodology, elements of quality management system audits, typical audit activities from initiation to follow up, and techniques for collecting evidence and generating findings.
This document discusses good documentation practices. It defines good documentation as accurately recording all activities so there is documented evidence of what was done. It emphasizes that documentation is essential for quality assurance and regulatory compliance. The document outlines standards for documentation including contemporaneous record keeping, approvals, signatures, revisions, retention, and review. It describes typical elements of a documentation system and different types of documents.
The document provides guidance for internal auditors on ISO 9001:2015. It discusses planning an audit, conducting an opening and closing meeting, asking open-ended questions, documenting findings, and validating findings. The purpose of internal audits is to measure performance and determine conformance. Auditors should be prepared, conduct themselves professionally, and focus on continuous improvement opportunities.
This document summarizes a laboratory quality control workshop that will take place from October 21-22, 2020. The workshop will cover good documentation practices, which are the foundation of a quality management system. Key topics that will be discussed include the essential documents required for a quality management system, the document control process and master list, how to properly complete laboratory records, and understanding documentation compliance in audits. The workshop will provide templates for standard operating procedures and master lists to demonstrate proper documentation structure and format.
This document summarizes a laboratory quality control workshop that will take place from October 21-22, 2020. The workshop will cover good documentation practices, which are the foundation of a quality management system. Key topics that will be discussed include the essential documents required for a quality management system, the document control process and master list, how to properly complete laboratory records, and understanding documentation compliance in audits. The workshop will provide templates for standard operating procedures and master lists to demonstrate proper documentation structure and format.
The document discusses planning and documentation standards for internal audits. It covers objectives of planning, factors affecting the planning process and scope, and the planning process itself which includes establishing the audit universe and objectives. It emphasizes obtaining appropriate audit evidence to draw reasonable conclusions and reviewing evidence obtained. Documentation standards are also outlined, including matters to be documented, identification of preparers and reviewers, and document retention policies.
ISO 9001:2000 sets out the criteria for gaining certification and operating according to the quality standard. It requires a quality policy statement from management linked to business goals and customer needs. It also requires processes to be mapped, monitored, measured and analyzed to ensure quality objectives are met. Issues must be dealt with through corrective and preventive actions and internal audits to continually improve the quality system.
This document provides information on implementing a quality management system according to ISO 9000 standards. It outlines 14 steps for implementation:
1. Commitment from top management
2. Establishing an implementation team
3. Conducting awareness programs
4. Providing training
5. Conducting an initial status survey
6. Creating an implementation plan
7. Developing documentation
8. Controlling documents
9. Implementation
10. Internal quality audits
11. Management reviews
12. Pre-assessment audits
13. Certification and registration
14. Continual improvement
It also discusses quality management tools like check sheets, control charts, and Pareto charts that can be used for implementation
The document discusses various concepts related to quality assurance and auditing. It defines quality assurance and describes how evidence is used to ensure quality requirements are met. It also discusses different types of audits including internal, second party, and third party audits. The key components of structuring an audit program include planning audits, conducting audits, verifying findings, and following up on corrective actions. Audit reports should document objective findings and subjective judgements to evaluate performance. Product audits help estimate quality levels and effectiveness of inspections in determining conformance to specifications.
Similar to Gdp how to manage documentation lifecycle (20)
This HIPAA Privacy and Security Audits and Enforcement training will cover HIPAA Privacy, Security, and Breach Notification regulations (and the recent changes to them) and how they will be audited. Documentation requirements, enforcement actions and how to prepare and respond to an audit will also be explored.
Excel spreadsheets how to ensure 21 cfr part 11 compliancecomplianceonline123
Learn to create a GxP compliant Excel spreadsheet application. Understand how to validate Excel spreadsheets with minimal documentation. Learn to configure Excel for audit trails, security features, and data entry verification.
This document outlines policies and procedures for retail loss prevention. It defines loss prevention as establishing policies to prevent loss of inventory or money. The role of loss prevention is to enhance profitability by reducing shrinkage (inventory losses). Shrinkage refers to missing inventory and can be caused by internal and external theft, paperwork errors, and other issues. The document discusses measuring shrinkage and factors considered. It also covers non-inventory dollar losses. Finally, it emphasizes that loss prevention should be a critical business component and outlines the five key aspects: people, philosophy, policies, procedures, and practices.
Reaching Clean Power Plan Goals at No Cost: Securing the Smart Grid’s Potentialcomplianceonline123
The Clean Power Plan aims to curb carbon dioxide emissions from power plants by paving the way for cleaner energy sources. It establishes state-by-state emission reduction targets to be achieved by 2030 through three building blocks: improving efficiency in coal plants, increasing natural gas use over coal, and bringing more renewable sources online. The smart grid can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions by improving reliability, facilitating renewable integration, enabling distributed energy resources, reducing losses, and promoting conservation through consumer feedback. A webinar on how the smart grid can help reach Clean Power Plan goals at no cost will be held on September 30.
The document defines internal audit as an independent, objective assurance function that helps an organization accomplish its objectives by evaluating risk management and governance processes. It describes three types of audits: first-party audits evaluate an organization against its own standards, second-party audits are performed by customers on suppliers, and third-party audits are external audits performed on suppliers for registration purposes. The audit process involves planning, implementing, monitoring, and improving the audit program. Planning includes establishing objectives, responsibilities, and procedures. Implementation involves scheduling, directing activities, and record keeping. Monitoring reviews and improves the program. Improvement identifies needs for continual enhancement.
The document defines internal audit as an independent, objective function that evaluates risk management, controls and governance to help an organization achieve its objectives. It lists skills like communication, technical expertise, integrity, business acumen and skepticism as important for internal auditors. The document also describes functional and administrative reporting structures and outlines the key components an internal audit charter should include like scope, responsibilities and standards. Finally, it provides an overview of the audit process from planning to closing meetings and recommends training resources on auditing best practices.
What is a Free Trade Zone?
A free trade zone (FTZ)is a designated area that eliminates traditional trade barriers, such as tariffs, some kind of taxes and fees and minimizes bureaucratic
regulations.
The goal of a free trade zone is to enhance global market presence of the Country or location by attracting new business and foreign investments.
Tax-free trade zones generate foreign exchange through exports, and create economic value added.
Free, foreign, and export processing zones all fall under the umbrella of being free trade zones. Because these terms are confusingly similar, they are often used
interchangeably.
What is SEC?
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) oversees the key participants in the securities world.
Concerned with promoting disclosure of important market information, maintaining fair dealing, and protecting against fraud.
Responsibilities include:
Interpret and enforce federal securities laws
Issue new rules and amend existing rules
Oversee inspection of securities firms, brokers, investment advisers and ratings agencies
Oversee private regulatory organizations in securities, accounting, auditing fields
Coordinate U.S. securities regulation with federal, state, and foreign authorities
SEC Organization:
Division of Corporate Finance:Reviews documents required to be filed with the Commission
Division of Trading: Assists in maintaining fair, orderly and efficient markets.
Division of Investment Management: Maintains oversight of America’s $26T investment management industry
Division of Enforcement: Recommends commencement of investigations of SEC law violations
Division of Economic and Risk Analysis: Integrates robust economic analysis and data analytics
Laws Governing SEC:
Securities Act of 1933
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Trust Indenture Act of 1939
Investment Company Act of 1940
Investment Advisers Act of 1940
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010
Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012
SEC Reports:
8k - A report of unscheduled material events or corporate changes at a company that could be of importance to the shareholders or SEC
10k - Comprehensive summary report of a company's performance. Submitted annually to the SEC
10Q - A comprehensive report of a company's performance that must be submitted quarterly by all public companies to SEC. In10-Q, firms are required to disclose relevant information regarding their financial position.
18K - Use to update the SEC and investors regarding the status of a domestically traded foreign security and its issuer.
20F - A form issued by the SEC that must be submitted by all "foreign private issuers" that have listed equity shares on exchanges in the U.S.
SEC Investigations:
Can be triggered in many ways
Investigation is not the same as prosecution
Investigations involve fact finding and are usually not public
During an investigation, neither the staff nor the Commission makes any determination of wrongdoing
Following investigation, SEC staff present findings to the Commission
Commission can authorize the staff to file a case in federal court or bring an administrative action.
What Constitutes a GRC Program?
Governance, risk and compliance or GRC programs are complex – an organization has to use its GRC program to address the regulatory requirements expected of, among
others, the following:
Enterprise Risk Management
COSO Internal Controls
Environmental Compliance (EPA rules)
Anti Trust
Anti Money Laundering
Anti Bribery/Corruption
Quality Management and Standards such as ISO 9000, 9001
Process Management such as Six Sigma
Anti Harassment
Human Capital
Whistle-blowing
HR Processes
The areas listed above are just few of those that come under the purview of a robust GRC program.
Why Audit a GRC Program?
Given the complex nature of regulations around the world today and the increasing risks of doing business, it is important that the GRC program in an organization is
audited frequently. Most of the lapses in corporate governance occur due to outdated GRC programs that have not been audited and updated to reflect the current
regulatory environment.
Internal audits of GRC programs allow management and the board to identify risks and areas that need strengthening and root out any non-compliance.
An audit can help evaluate the adequacy of the program’s design and effectiveness as well as new practices and technologies to be implemented.
Audits of the GRC program have to be carried out periodically – these should supplement an ongoing, daily evaluation of the effectiveness of the program, including
monitoring of controls and responses.
Internal Audit Process – The General Steps:
Define evaluation scope, objectives, and the type of evaluation.
Define the level and type of assurance
Identify the evaluation team and skills required.
Develop evaluation plan.
Perform design adequacy evaluation.
Perform operational effectiveness evaluation.
Communicate evaluation results and ensure follow-up to address issues.
This quick reference guide discusses the anti-money laundering requirements for non-bank financial institutions including for Money Services Business (MSB).
The document defines harassment as unwelcome verbal or physical conduct based on protected characteristics that results in a tangible employment action or creates a hostile work environment. It states harassment can be committed by managers, coworkers, customers, vendors, and others, and can target victims, bystanders, or witnesses. The document provides examples of sexual harassment and advises reviewing anti-harassment policies, complying with anti-discrimination laws, knowing how to respond to issues, and reporting harassment immediately. It recommends online training resources on these topics.
What is Information Security?
Information security means that the confidentiality, integrity and availability of information assets is maintained.
Confidentiality: This means that information is only used by people who are authorized to access it.
Integrity: It ensures that information remains intact and unaltered. Any changes to the information through malicious action, natural disaster, or even a simple innocent mistake are tracked.
Availability: This means that the information is accessible when authorized users need it.
Information Security Threats:
Most common types of information security threats are:
Theft of confidential information by hacking
System sabotage by hackers
Phishing and other social engineering attacks
Virus, spyware and malware
Social Media-the fraud threat
Theft of Confidential Information:
One of the major threat to information security is the theft of confidential data by hacking. This includes theft of employee information or theft of trade secrets and other intellectual property (IP).
Theft of Employee Information
Employee information includes credit card information, corporate credit card information, social security number , address, etc. It also includes theft of healthcare records as they contain personal information such date of birth, address, and name of relatives.
Theft of Trade Secrets and other Intellectual Property (IP)
Technology from various verticals including IT, aerospace, and telecommunications are constantly stolen by outsiders or insiders (industrial espionage). China is a growing offender as it continues to advance in technology relying on theft of international trade secrets and IP.
Piracy/copyright infringement.
Corporate business strategies including marketing strategies, product introduction strategies.
System Sabotage:
What is system sabotage?
Planting malware on networks of target organization and generating an enormous amount of transaction activity resulting in malfunction or crash of the system.
Who would perpetrate it?
System sabotage is usually committed by disgruntled ex-employees and by remote cyber-attackers for no particular reason.
The most sensational case of system sabotage: One of the recent examples is the sabotage of Sony PlayStation.
Phishing:
To obtain confidential data about individuals-customers, clients, employees or vendors that can be used to commit various types of identity fraud such as:
Opening bank accounts in victim’s name
Applying for loans in victim’s name
Applying for credit cards in victim’s name
Obtaining medical services in victims name (e-death)
Other kind of more sophisticated social engineering attacks include spear-phishing.
Spear-phishing targets specific individuals such as AP manger, controller, senior accountant to gain access to corporate bank accounts and transfer funds abroad.
Other threats include:
Smishing: Phishing via SMS (texting)
Vishing: Phishing via voice (phone)
Mobile hackin
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defectsSérgio Sacani
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically youngSérgio Sacani
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...University of Maribor
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intelligent Systems.
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skills
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...Leonel Morgado
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
The technology uses reclaimed CO₂ as the dyeing medium in a closed loop process. When pressurized, CO₂ becomes supercritical (SC-CO₂). In this state CO₂ has a very high solvent power, allowing the dye to dissolve easily.
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...Travis Hills MN
Travis Hills of Minnesota developed a method to convert waste into high-value dry fertilizer, significantly enriching soil quality. By providing farmers with a valuable resource derived from waste, Travis Hills helps enhance farm profitability while promoting environmental stewardship. Travis Hills' sustainable practices lead to cost savings and increased revenue for farmers by improving resource efficiency and reducing waste.
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths ForwardLeonel Morgado
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptxPRIYANKA PATEL
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
Gdp how to manage documentation lifecycle
1.
2. Documentation is :
A set of documents (written or graphical procedures,
manuals, policies , instructions, specifications) and
records (recorded information of performed activity).
A process that involves the systematic interaction of
people, events and documents to create the records.
Quality can not be assured in a regulated industry
without good documentation practices.
3. ISO 9001:2008 specifically requires the organization to have documented
procedures for the following six activities:
Control of documents
Control of records
Internal audit
Control of nonconforming product
Corrective action
Preventive action
Additional needed documents are:
Quality policy
Quality objectives
Quality manual
5. How to draft procedures to avoid errors?
clear instructions
written with sufficient details
well understandable
well defined responsibilities
easy to implement
6. What can be reviewed and evaluated when checking individual
documents?
the information that is stated
the information that is not stated
requirements
legal/regulatory issues
safety/risk analysis
the rationale of document
7. Documentation usually signed by the following functions:
Author/owner
Head of relevant department
Reviewer
Approver
Head of quality/Regulatory department
Document Control
8. Document management system needs to be clear and
logical.
Use a top down approach (QA must take the lead)
Use flow chart and other tools to define documentation
needs
Includes all types of documentation (including
electronic)
Ensure a robust document cycle from drafting to
archiving.
Review and evaluate the performance of
documentation system.
9. Want to learn more about GDP, its requirements and best
practices to comply with them? ComplianceOnline
webinars and seminars are a great training resource.
Check out the following links:
How to Comply with GDP Requirements?
Good Documentation Practices for GXPs
Introduction to FDA Good Documentation
Practices
An Easy to Understand Guide to Good
Documentation Practices
Good Laboratory Practices (GLP):
Documenting Deviations & Unexpected
Circumstances