Gastrothylax crumenifer.pptx
•
1 like•378 views
This document discusses the ruminal fluke Gastrothylax crumenifer. It provides details on the taxonomy, morphology, life cycle, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and control of this parasite. Key points include: - G. crumenifer is commonly called the ruminal fluke, is 10-18mm long and pear shaped, and infects the rumen and reticulum of sheep, goats, and cattle. - It has a complex life cycle involving an intermediate host of land snails and definitive hosts of ruminants. Eggs are passed in feces and hatch in water accessed by snails. - Infection causes anemia, enteritis, ulcers, diarrhea
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
schistosoma japanicum
Schistosoma japonicum is a trematode worm that causes liver and gastrointestinal disease in humans. It is endemic to parts of China, Japan, the Philippines, and Indonesia. The worm has a complex life cycle involving freshwater snails as intermediate hosts and humans as definitive hosts. Eggs are passed in feces and hatch into larvae that infect snails, developing into cercariae that penetrate human skin, mature into adult worms in the liver and intestines, and lay eggs perpetuating the cycle. Chronic infection results in liver fibrosis and portal hypertension. Symptoms range from itching and rash during acute infection to gastrointestinal bleeding and organ damage in chronic cases. Diagnosis involves microscopic identification of eggs
Diphyllobothrium latum
Diphyllobothrium latum, also known as the fish tapeworm, infects humans who consume raw or undercooked freshwater fish containing plerocercoid larvae. The adult tapeworm lives in the small intestine and can grow to 10 meters long. It lays eggs that are released in feces and infect copepods in water. Fish eat the copepods and can become infected, transmitting the larvae when eaten raw or undercooked by humans. Infection usually causes mild or no symptoms but can potentially lead to vitamin B12 deficiency. Treatment involves praziquantel or niclosamide and prevention focuses on thoroughly cooking fish from infected waters.
Paragonimus westermani
This document provides information on Paragonimus westermani, a species of lung fluke that can cause paragonimiasis in humans. It discusses the life cycle of P. westermani, which involves freshwater snails and crabs or crayfish as intermediate hosts. Humans can be infected by eating raw or undercooked freshwater crustaceans containing the infective metacercariae stage. The worms mature in the lungs, where they can cause symptoms like coughing up blood or chest pain. The document outlines methods for diagnosing and treating paragonimiasis, as well as preventing infection by fully cooking all shellfish.
Liver flukes F. hepatica F. gigantica
Parasitology:
The Liver Flukes
Parasites: Fasciola species
Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica
Morphology Adult & Ova
Diagnostic Features
Diagnosis
Mode of Transmission
Disease Produced
Pathology and Symptomology
Incubation period
Life cycle
laboratory diagnosis
treatment
Prevention and control
Cestodes and trematodes
The document summarizes key aspects of two classes of parasitic flatworms (phylum Platyhelminthes) - cestodes (tapeworms) and trematodes (flukes). It describes their morphology, life cycles, important orders/species that infect humans as intestinal or extraintestinal parasites, and highlights key distinguishing features of medically relevant tapeworms and flukes. Key tapeworms discussed are Taenia solium, T. saginata, Echinococcus granulosus, E. multilocularis, and Dipylidium caninum. Key flukes discussed are Schistosoma spp., Fasciola hepatica, Clonorchis sinensis, and Par
Nematode
1. Ascaris lumbricoides, or the roundworm, is one of the most common intestinal nematodes infecting humans. It inhabits the small intestine and can reach lengths of over 20 cm in females.
2. The life cycle involves ingestion of infective eggs from contaminated food, water, or soil. Inside the intestine, the larvae hatch and mature into adults. Females produce thousands of eggs daily that are passed in feces.
3. Symptoms range from mild to severe and include abdominal pain, nausea, intestinal obstruction, or migration of larvae to other organs causing pneumonia. Complications can also include appendicitis or pancreatitis. Diagnosis is made by finding eggs in
Trichinella spiralis
Trichinella spiralis is a nematode that causes the disease trichinosis. It has a life cycle involving pigs and humans, where larvae encyst in muscle tissue. Humans can become infected by eating undercooked pork containing the larvae. The larvae hatch in the small intestine and mature into adults, reproducing via viviparity. Newborn larvae penetrate the intestinal wall and migrate via the bloodstream to encyst in skeletal muscle, preferentially in the diaphragm, jaw and neck muscles. Clinical features include gastrointestinal and muscle pain as the larvae invade tissues. Diagnosis involves testing for eosinophilia or detecting larvae in muscle biopsies. Treatment involves albendazole and corticosteroids
Ancylostoma duodenale (hookwormi)2015
- Ancylostoma duodenale, commonly known as the old world hookworm, infects humans in tropical and subtropical regions. It lives in the small intestine and feeds on host blood, causing iron-deficiency anemia.
- The adult worm lays eggs that pass in feces and hatch as larvae in soil. These larvae penetrate the skin, migrate through lungs, are swallowed and mature in the small intestine.
- Infection causes ground itch, creeping eruption, and iron-deficiency anemia marked by pallor and weakness. Diagnosis involves finding eggs in feces or larvae in sputum. Treatment includes albendazole and iron supplements.
Recommended
schistosoma japanicum
Schistosoma japonicum is a trematode worm that causes liver and gastrointestinal disease in humans. It is endemic to parts of China, Japan, the Philippines, and Indonesia. The worm has a complex life cycle involving freshwater snails as intermediate hosts and humans as definitive hosts. Eggs are passed in feces and hatch into larvae that infect snails, developing into cercariae that penetrate human skin, mature into adult worms in the liver and intestines, and lay eggs perpetuating the cycle. Chronic infection results in liver fibrosis and portal hypertension. Symptoms range from itching and rash during acute infection to gastrointestinal bleeding and organ damage in chronic cases. Diagnosis involves microscopic identification of eggs
Diphyllobothrium latum
Diphyllobothrium latum, also known as the fish tapeworm, infects humans who consume raw or undercooked freshwater fish containing plerocercoid larvae. The adult tapeworm lives in the small intestine and can grow to 10 meters long. It lays eggs that are released in feces and infect copepods in water. Fish eat the copepods and can become infected, transmitting the larvae when eaten raw or undercooked by humans. Infection usually causes mild or no symptoms but can potentially lead to vitamin B12 deficiency. Treatment involves praziquantel or niclosamide and prevention focuses on thoroughly cooking fish from infected waters.
Paragonimus westermani
This document provides information on Paragonimus westermani, a species of lung fluke that can cause paragonimiasis in humans. It discusses the life cycle of P. westermani, which involves freshwater snails and crabs or crayfish as intermediate hosts. Humans can be infected by eating raw or undercooked freshwater crustaceans containing the infective metacercariae stage. The worms mature in the lungs, where they can cause symptoms like coughing up blood or chest pain. The document outlines methods for diagnosing and treating paragonimiasis, as well as preventing infection by fully cooking all shellfish.
Liver flukes F. hepatica F. gigantica
Parasitology:
The Liver Flukes
Parasites: Fasciola species
Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica
Morphology Adult & Ova
Diagnostic Features
Diagnosis
Mode of Transmission
Disease Produced
Pathology and Symptomology
Incubation period
Life cycle
laboratory diagnosis
treatment
Prevention and control
Cestodes and trematodes
The document summarizes key aspects of two classes of parasitic flatworms (phylum Platyhelminthes) - cestodes (tapeworms) and trematodes (flukes). It describes their morphology, life cycles, important orders/species that infect humans as intestinal or extraintestinal parasites, and highlights key distinguishing features of medically relevant tapeworms and flukes. Key tapeworms discussed are Taenia solium, T. saginata, Echinococcus granulosus, E. multilocularis, and Dipylidium caninum. Key flukes discussed are Schistosoma spp., Fasciola hepatica, Clonorchis sinensis, and Par
Nematode
1. Ascaris lumbricoides, or the roundworm, is one of the most common intestinal nematodes infecting humans. It inhabits the small intestine and can reach lengths of over 20 cm in females.
2. The life cycle involves ingestion of infective eggs from contaminated food, water, or soil. Inside the intestine, the larvae hatch and mature into adults. Females produce thousands of eggs daily that are passed in feces.
3. Symptoms range from mild to severe and include abdominal pain, nausea, intestinal obstruction, or migration of larvae to other organs causing pneumonia. Complications can also include appendicitis or pancreatitis. Diagnosis is made by finding eggs in
Trichinella spiralis
Trichinella spiralis is a nematode that causes the disease trichinosis. It has a life cycle involving pigs and humans, where larvae encyst in muscle tissue. Humans can become infected by eating undercooked pork containing the larvae. The larvae hatch in the small intestine and mature into adults, reproducing via viviparity. Newborn larvae penetrate the intestinal wall and migrate via the bloodstream to encyst in skeletal muscle, preferentially in the diaphragm, jaw and neck muscles. Clinical features include gastrointestinal and muscle pain as the larvae invade tissues. Diagnosis involves testing for eosinophilia or detecting larvae in muscle biopsies. Treatment involves albendazole and corticosteroids
Ancylostoma duodenale (hookwormi)2015
- Ancylostoma duodenale, commonly known as the old world hookworm, infects humans in tropical and subtropical regions. It lives in the small intestine and feeds on host blood, causing iron-deficiency anemia.
- The adult worm lays eggs that pass in feces and hatch as larvae in soil. These larvae penetrate the skin, migrate through lungs, are swallowed and mature in the small intestine.
- Infection causes ground itch, creeping eruption, and iron-deficiency anemia marked by pallor and weakness. Diagnosis involves finding eggs in feces or larvae in sputum. Treatment includes albendazole and iron supplements.
General feature of male & female Ascaris, comparison of Ascaris ,Life cycl...
Ascaris is a roundworm parasite that inhabits the small intestine of humans. It has a complex lifecycle involving sexual reproduction between male and female worms in the intestine to produce eggs, which are passed in feces and ingested by new hosts. Inside the new host, the eggs hatch and larvae migrate through various organs before maturing into adult worms in the intestine.
Diphyllobothrium Latum
Dibothriocephalus latus is a pseudophyllidea cestode called chinese tapeworm have 2 suckers within scolex. it has 2 intermediate hosts first is the copepod and the second is fish before mammalian ( dog, cat, bear, human.. etc.) will eat it to become an adult tapeworm.
Ancylostoma duodenale1
This document summarizes information about the parasite Ancylostoma duodenale, commonly known as the old world hookworm. It describes the geographical distribution, morphology, life cycle, pathogenicity, clinical features, prevention, and treatment of the parasite. Key points include that the adult worm lives in the small intestine of humans, eggs are passed in feces and develop into infective larvae in soil, larvae penetrate skin to infect a new host, and infection can cause anemia and gastrointestinal symptoms. Prevention involves proper sanitation and personal protective measures while treatment involves anthelmintic drugs.
Trematodes
This document discusses liver flukes and intestinal flukes. It describes the life cycles, hosts, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of the liver flukes Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. It also discusses the intestinal fluke Fasciolopsis buski, detailing its life cycle, pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment. The document provides information on the morphology, eggs, and clinical manifestations of these parasitic flatworms that infect the liver and intestines.
Fasciolopsis buski
Fasciolopsis buski, also known as the Asian giant intestinal fluke, is prevalent in Southeast Asia where it lives in human and pig intestines. The fluke causes enteritis and malnutrition by attaching to the intestines and competing with the host for food. Diagnosis is done through stool examination using direct smear or sedimentation methods. Treatment involves administering praziquantel or other drugs to patients, carriers, and pigs. Prevention focuses on health education, sanitation, and avoiding feeding pigs raw water plants to disrupt the fluke's lifecycle.
Echinococcus granulosus
Echinococcus granulosus, also called hydatid worm belongs to class Cestoda
It causes cystic echinococcosis in livestock and humans being intermediate hosts and parasitize the small intestines of adult canids
It is a zoonotic disease
Definitive hosts are carnivorous predators like dogs, wolves, foxes and lions. While sheep, goat, cattle, pigs and rodents are intermediate hosts. Birds and arthropods act as mechanical vectors
Trichinella spiralis
Trichinella spiralis is a nematode that causes the disease trichinosis. It has a direct lifecycle between pigs and humans. Humans typically become infected by eating undercooked pork containing encysted larvae. The larvae are released in the stomach and penetrate the intestine to mature into adults. The females release larvae that travel through blood vessels to encyst in muscle tissue, where they can survive for years. Symptoms vary from none to severe muscle pain and inflammation depending on the infection level. Diagnosis involves muscle biopsy or serology. Treatment involves antiparasitic medication and corticosteroids for severe cases. Prevention focuses on properly cooking pork and controlling infection in pig populations.
Strongyloides stercoralis
This document describes the life cycle of Strongyloides stercoralis. It has both free-living and parasitic cycles. In the free-living cycle, eggs hatch on soil into larvae that can develop into adults. In the parasitic cycle, larvae penetrate the skin and migrate through the lungs and intestines, where they develop into adults. S. stercoralis is unique in its ability to reproduce internally, called autoinfection, which can cause persistent and disseminated infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Symptoms include skin rashes, coughing, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Diagnosis involves examining stool or sputum samples for larvae. Treatment options include thiabendazole or iverme
Liver Trematodes
This document summarizes several important digenetic trematodes (flukes) that infect mammals in different organs. It describes the morphology, life cycles, pathology and epidemiology of liver flukes (Fasciola hepatica, Fascioloides magna), intestinal flukes (Fasciolopsis buski), lung flukes, and reproductive system flukes. Key details are provided for each fluke, including the definitive host, intermediate hosts, sites of infection, and symptoms caused.
Cyclophyllidean Tapeworms
1. The document summarizes the order Cyclophyllidea, which includes medically important tapeworms. It describes key characteristics like hooks on the scolex and lateral genital pores.
2. It then discusses several tapeworm species that infect humans and other animals, including their life cycles and pathology. The beef tapeworm Taenia saginata and pork tapeworm T. solium can cause cysticercosis in humans.
3. The document also covers the hydatid tapeworms Echinococcus granulosus and E. multilocularis, which can form cysts in organs and cause hydatid disease in intermediate hosts like humans.
Strongyloides stercoralis
Parasitology presentation include: morphology, life cycle, pathology, lab diagnosis, prevention & control
parasitology lec - FLUKES
The document describes and classifies various medically important trematode parasites. It discusses their general characteristics, classification, life cycles, and morphology of adults and eggs. Key points include: trematodes are flatworms with oral and ventral suckers, require two intermediate hosts, and eggs are operculated; major groups discussed are blood flukes (Schistosoma), liver flukes (Fasciola, Clonorchis, Opisthorchis), intestinal flukes (Fasciolopsis, Heterophyids, Echinostoma), and lung flukes (Paragonimus). Adult and egg morphology and sizes are provided for identification purposes.
Cestode.pdf
- Cestodes are segmented endoparasites classified into two classes: Eucestoda and Cotyloda. They have an elongated flattened body without an alimentary canal.
- The body consists of a head or scolex followed by a segmented strobila made of proglottid segments. The scolex bears four suckers or bothria for attachment and may have hooks.
- Cestodes have indirect lifecycles involving larval stages like cysticercoids or plerocercoids in intermediate hosts, which are then ingested by the definitive host to mature into adults.
Schistosomes
Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia or snail fever, is a disease caused by parasitic flatworms called blood flukes. It is a major public health problem in many parts of the developing world. Three main species infect humans - Schistosoma mansoni, S. haematobium, and S. japonicum. The parasites have complex life cycles involving freshwater snails and humans. Eggs produced by the parasites in human tissues cause inflammatory reactions that can damage organs. Symptoms depend on the infecting species but include abdominal pain, blood in urine or stool, and organ damage like liver fibrosis. Treatment involves praziquantel but prevention focuses on improving san
Schistosoma.ppt
This document discusses Schistosoma, the parasite that causes schistosomiasis. It covers the morphology and life cycle of Schistosoma, which involves snail intermediate hosts and human definitive hosts. The clinical manifestations of schistosomiasis depend on the species and include symptoms caused by the body's immune response to eggs trapped in tissues. Schistosomiasis remains a major public health problem in many developing countries. Diagnosis is via identification of eggs in stool or urine samples, with praziquantel being the treatment of choice. Control relies on treating humans and reservoir hosts as well as reducing contact between people and infected waters.
H.nana
Hymenolepis nana, also known as the dwarf tapeworm, is the most common tapeworm infection in humans. It can be found worldwide but is most common in areas with poor sanitation. H. nana lives in the small intestine and can reproduce asexually inside the host, allowing infections to persist for years. Symptoms may include nausea, weakness, and diarrhea. Diagnosis is confirmed by finding H. nana eggs in stool samples. Treatment involves antiparasitic medications like praziquantel or niclosamide. Prevention focuses on good hygiene, sanitation, and eliminating rodent hosts.
Taenia multiceps
Taenia multiceps is a tapeworm that can infect humans through accidental ingestion of eggs from dog feces. Dogs are the definitive host for the adult tapeworm, while sheep and other herbivores are intermediate hosts. In humans, the larvae invade tissues and form cysts called coenuri, which most commonly develop in the brain and central nervous system. Symptoms can take years to appear and depend on the infected organ, but brain coenuri can cause increased intracranial pressure, seizures, loss of consciousness, and neurological deficits. Removal of the coenurus cyst is usually an effective treatment for infections in the brain and other tissues.
F.buski
Fasciolopsis buski is a large intestinal fluke that infects humans and pigs. It lives in the small intestine of its hosts and can measure up to 80 mm in length, making it the largest fluke that infects humans. The lifecycle involves eggs passed in feces that hatch in water and infect snail intermediate hosts, developing through sporocyst and redia stages before releasing cercariae that encyst on aquatic plants. Humans and pigs become infected by eating these metacercariae.
Trichinella spiralis
The topic is highly useful for MBBS students.
Trichinella is a neamtode, The disease is called as Trichinellosis/Trichinosis. This topic will be explaining about Morphology of Trichinella, mode of transmission, life cycle ,clinical features, lab diagnosis, treatment and its prevention.
Tapeworm
The tapeworm is a parasitic flatworm that lives in the small intestines of humans. It attaches to the gut wall using hooks and suckers. New segments are produced at the neck and older segments are pushed to the back and grow larger. The tapeworm has a flat body made of up to 1000 segments, each containing 50,000 eggs. It absorbs nutrients from the host's intestines, causing harm like gut blockage and weight loss, while gaining benefits like a food supply and shelter. The tapeworm has a two-host lifecycle alternating between pigs and humans, with pigs acting as an intermediate host where the parasite forms cysts in muscle tissue.
Helminthes
The document provides information about helminths (parasitic worms). It begins by defining helminths and outlining the learning objectives and classification of helminths. The document then focuses on intestinal nematodes (roundworms), describing their key features, life cycles, transmission routes, and important examples like Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura. It discusses the morphology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis and treatment of these common helminth infections.
Cdc health and parasitology
This document discusses several nematode parasites that infect humans. It begins by providing background on the phylum Nematoda and describes the life cycle as including egg, larval and adult stages. It then classifies nematode parasites into those that infect the small intestine (Aphasmidia and Phasmidia classes) and those that infect the large intestine (Phasmidia class). Several key nematode species are described in detail, including Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, hookworms (Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale), Strongyloides stercoralis and Capillaria philippinensis. For each species, the
More Related Content
What's hot
General feature of male & female Ascaris, comparison of Ascaris ,Life cycl...
Ascaris is a roundworm parasite that inhabits the small intestine of humans. It has a complex lifecycle involving sexual reproduction between male and female worms in the intestine to produce eggs, which are passed in feces and ingested by new hosts. Inside the new host, the eggs hatch and larvae migrate through various organs before maturing into adult worms in the intestine.
Diphyllobothrium Latum
Dibothriocephalus latus is a pseudophyllidea cestode called chinese tapeworm have 2 suckers within scolex. it has 2 intermediate hosts first is the copepod and the second is fish before mammalian ( dog, cat, bear, human.. etc.) will eat it to become an adult tapeworm.
Ancylostoma duodenale1
This document summarizes information about the parasite Ancylostoma duodenale, commonly known as the old world hookworm. It describes the geographical distribution, morphology, life cycle, pathogenicity, clinical features, prevention, and treatment of the parasite. Key points include that the adult worm lives in the small intestine of humans, eggs are passed in feces and develop into infective larvae in soil, larvae penetrate skin to infect a new host, and infection can cause anemia and gastrointestinal symptoms. Prevention involves proper sanitation and personal protective measures while treatment involves anthelmintic drugs.
Trematodes
This document discusses liver flukes and intestinal flukes. It describes the life cycles, hosts, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of the liver flukes Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. It also discusses the intestinal fluke Fasciolopsis buski, detailing its life cycle, pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment. The document provides information on the morphology, eggs, and clinical manifestations of these parasitic flatworms that infect the liver and intestines.
Fasciolopsis buski
Fasciolopsis buski, also known as the Asian giant intestinal fluke, is prevalent in Southeast Asia where it lives in human and pig intestines. The fluke causes enteritis and malnutrition by attaching to the intestines and competing with the host for food. Diagnosis is done through stool examination using direct smear or sedimentation methods. Treatment involves administering praziquantel or other drugs to patients, carriers, and pigs. Prevention focuses on health education, sanitation, and avoiding feeding pigs raw water plants to disrupt the fluke's lifecycle.
Echinococcus granulosus
Echinococcus granulosus, also called hydatid worm belongs to class Cestoda
It causes cystic echinococcosis in livestock and humans being intermediate hosts and parasitize the small intestines of adult canids
It is a zoonotic disease
Definitive hosts are carnivorous predators like dogs, wolves, foxes and lions. While sheep, goat, cattle, pigs and rodents are intermediate hosts. Birds and arthropods act as mechanical vectors
Trichinella spiralis
Trichinella spiralis is a nematode that causes the disease trichinosis. It has a direct lifecycle between pigs and humans. Humans typically become infected by eating undercooked pork containing encysted larvae. The larvae are released in the stomach and penetrate the intestine to mature into adults. The females release larvae that travel through blood vessels to encyst in muscle tissue, where they can survive for years. Symptoms vary from none to severe muscle pain and inflammation depending on the infection level. Diagnosis involves muscle biopsy or serology. Treatment involves antiparasitic medication and corticosteroids for severe cases. Prevention focuses on properly cooking pork and controlling infection in pig populations.
Strongyloides stercoralis
This document describes the life cycle of Strongyloides stercoralis. It has both free-living and parasitic cycles. In the free-living cycle, eggs hatch on soil into larvae that can develop into adults. In the parasitic cycle, larvae penetrate the skin and migrate through the lungs and intestines, where they develop into adults. S. stercoralis is unique in its ability to reproduce internally, called autoinfection, which can cause persistent and disseminated infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Symptoms include skin rashes, coughing, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Diagnosis involves examining stool or sputum samples for larvae. Treatment options include thiabendazole or iverme
Liver Trematodes
This document summarizes several important digenetic trematodes (flukes) that infect mammals in different organs. It describes the morphology, life cycles, pathology and epidemiology of liver flukes (Fasciola hepatica, Fascioloides magna), intestinal flukes (Fasciolopsis buski), lung flukes, and reproductive system flukes. Key details are provided for each fluke, including the definitive host, intermediate hosts, sites of infection, and symptoms caused.
Cyclophyllidean Tapeworms
1. The document summarizes the order Cyclophyllidea, which includes medically important tapeworms. It describes key characteristics like hooks on the scolex and lateral genital pores.
2. It then discusses several tapeworm species that infect humans and other animals, including their life cycles and pathology. The beef tapeworm Taenia saginata and pork tapeworm T. solium can cause cysticercosis in humans.
3. The document also covers the hydatid tapeworms Echinococcus granulosus and E. multilocularis, which can form cysts in organs and cause hydatid disease in intermediate hosts like humans.
Strongyloides stercoralis
Parasitology presentation include: morphology, life cycle, pathology, lab diagnosis, prevention & control
parasitology lec - FLUKES
The document describes and classifies various medically important trematode parasites. It discusses their general characteristics, classification, life cycles, and morphology of adults and eggs. Key points include: trematodes are flatworms with oral and ventral suckers, require two intermediate hosts, and eggs are operculated; major groups discussed are blood flukes (Schistosoma), liver flukes (Fasciola, Clonorchis, Opisthorchis), intestinal flukes (Fasciolopsis, Heterophyids, Echinostoma), and lung flukes (Paragonimus). Adult and egg morphology and sizes are provided for identification purposes.
Cestode.pdf
- Cestodes are segmented endoparasites classified into two classes: Eucestoda and Cotyloda. They have an elongated flattened body without an alimentary canal.
- The body consists of a head or scolex followed by a segmented strobila made of proglottid segments. The scolex bears four suckers or bothria for attachment and may have hooks.
- Cestodes have indirect lifecycles involving larval stages like cysticercoids or plerocercoids in intermediate hosts, which are then ingested by the definitive host to mature into adults.
Schistosomes
Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia or snail fever, is a disease caused by parasitic flatworms called blood flukes. It is a major public health problem in many parts of the developing world. Three main species infect humans - Schistosoma mansoni, S. haematobium, and S. japonicum. The parasites have complex life cycles involving freshwater snails and humans. Eggs produced by the parasites in human tissues cause inflammatory reactions that can damage organs. Symptoms depend on the infecting species but include abdominal pain, blood in urine or stool, and organ damage like liver fibrosis. Treatment involves praziquantel but prevention focuses on improving san
Schistosoma.ppt
This document discusses Schistosoma, the parasite that causes schistosomiasis. It covers the morphology and life cycle of Schistosoma, which involves snail intermediate hosts and human definitive hosts. The clinical manifestations of schistosomiasis depend on the species and include symptoms caused by the body's immune response to eggs trapped in tissues. Schistosomiasis remains a major public health problem in many developing countries. Diagnosis is via identification of eggs in stool or urine samples, with praziquantel being the treatment of choice. Control relies on treating humans and reservoir hosts as well as reducing contact between people and infected waters.
H.nana
Hymenolepis nana, also known as the dwarf tapeworm, is the most common tapeworm infection in humans. It can be found worldwide but is most common in areas with poor sanitation. H. nana lives in the small intestine and can reproduce asexually inside the host, allowing infections to persist for years. Symptoms may include nausea, weakness, and diarrhea. Diagnosis is confirmed by finding H. nana eggs in stool samples. Treatment involves antiparasitic medications like praziquantel or niclosamide. Prevention focuses on good hygiene, sanitation, and eliminating rodent hosts.
Taenia multiceps
Taenia multiceps is a tapeworm that can infect humans through accidental ingestion of eggs from dog feces. Dogs are the definitive host for the adult tapeworm, while sheep and other herbivores are intermediate hosts. In humans, the larvae invade tissues and form cysts called coenuri, which most commonly develop in the brain and central nervous system. Symptoms can take years to appear and depend on the infected organ, but brain coenuri can cause increased intracranial pressure, seizures, loss of consciousness, and neurological deficits. Removal of the coenurus cyst is usually an effective treatment for infections in the brain and other tissues.
F.buski
Fasciolopsis buski is a large intestinal fluke that infects humans and pigs. It lives in the small intestine of its hosts and can measure up to 80 mm in length, making it the largest fluke that infects humans. The lifecycle involves eggs passed in feces that hatch in water and infect snail intermediate hosts, developing through sporocyst and redia stages before releasing cercariae that encyst on aquatic plants. Humans and pigs become infected by eating these metacercariae.
Trichinella spiralis
The topic is highly useful for MBBS students.
Trichinella is a neamtode, The disease is called as Trichinellosis/Trichinosis. This topic will be explaining about Morphology of Trichinella, mode of transmission, life cycle ,clinical features, lab diagnosis, treatment and its prevention.
Tapeworm
The tapeworm is a parasitic flatworm that lives in the small intestines of humans. It attaches to the gut wall using hooks and suckers. New segments are produced at the neck and older segments are pushed to the back and grow larger. The tapeworm has a flat body made of up to 1000 segments, each containing 50,000 eggs. It absorbs nutrients from the host's intestines, causing harm like gut blockage and weight loss, while gaining benefits like a food supply and shelter. The tapeworm has a two-host lifecycle alternating between pigs and humans, with pigs acting as an intermediate host where the parasite forms cysts in muscle tissue.
What's hot (20)
General feature of male & female Ascaris, comparison of Ascaris ,Life cycl...
General feature of male & female Ascaris, comparison of Ascaris ,Life cycl...
Similar to Gastrothylax crumenifer.pptx
Helminthes
The document provides information about helminths (parasitic worms). It begins by defining helminths and outlining the learning objectives and classification of helminths. The document then focuses on intestinal nematodes (roundworms), describing their key features, life cycles, transmission routes, and important examples like Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura. It discusses the morphology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis and treatment of these common helminth infections.
Cdc health and parasitology
This document discusses several nematode parasites that infect humans. It begins by providing background on the phylum Nematoda and describes the life cycle as including egg, larval and adult stages. It then classifies nematode parasites into those that infect the small intestine (Aphasmidia and Phasmidia classes) and those that infect the large intestine (Phasmidia class). Several key nematode species are described in detail, including Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, hookworms (Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale), Strongyloides stercoralis and Capillaria philippinensis. For each species, the
Strongylida
Syngamus trachea, commonly known as the gapeworm, is a parasitic nematode that infects the upper respiratory tract of birds. It has a complex life cycle involving an intermediate host such as an earthworm or snail where it encysts. Adult male and female worms are permanently joined in a Y-shape in the trachea of birds. They lay eggs that pass in the feces and hatch inside or outside the host. Clinical signs in infected birds include weakness, emaciation, and breathing difficulties as the worms cause tracheitis and pneumonia. Diagnosis is made by finding the characteristic eggs in feces or adult worms in the trachea during necropsy. Treatment involves deworming medications and controlling
Cestodes and trematodes
This document summarizes key aspects of tapeworms and flukes that are medically important. It describes the characteristics of two classes of flatworms - Cestoidea (tapeworms) and Trematoda (flukes). For each class, it provides details on morphology, life cycles, important orders/species and the diseases they cause in humans. Key tapeworms discussed include Taenia saginata, Taenia solium, Diphyllobothrium latum and Echinococcus granulosus. Key flukes discussed include Fasciolopsis buski, Paragonimus westermani, and Echinostoma ilocanum.
Tape worm of poultry
species of tapeworm affecting poultry
common life cycle
epidemiology
pathogenesis
diagnosis
treatment
control
paragonimus westermani.pptx
Paragonimus Westermani, also known as the oriental lung fluke, is a species of parasitic flatworm that infects humans and other mammals. It is most commonly found in Eastern Asia, Africa, and South/Central America. The parasite has a complex life cycle involving freshwater snails and crustaceans as intermediate hosts before infecting the lungs of humans. Common symptoms in humans include coughing, bronchitis, and blood in sputum. Diagnosis involves examining stool, sputum, or biopsy samples under a microscope. Treatment typically involves the drug paraziquantel.
nematodes.pptx
Nematodes are roundworms that include many parasitic worms that infect humans. They exhibit a range of life cycles and morphologies. Many nematodes have both free-living and parasitic stages. They infect humans through ingestion or skin penetration of eggs or larvae. Common symptoms include diarrhea, abdominal pain, and anemia. Diseases are diagnosed through identification of eggs or larvae in stool samples.
Veterinaryhelminthology 100210000624-phpapp01 2
This document provides information on tapeworms (cestodes) that infect poultry and other animals. It describes the general characteristics of tapeworms, including their ribbon-like shape and life cycles. Specific information is given on several important tapeworm genera and species that infect poultry (Raillietina, Davainea), dogs (Dipylidium caninum), and horses (Anoplocephala, Moniezia). Key details are provided on the morphology, life cycles, and pathogenesis of these tapeworms. The document also discusses the taeniid tapeworms of humans (Taenia saginata, T. solium) and compares aspects of their morphology and life cycles.
Parasitology lab1
This document is a parasitology lab report that describes the identification of various trematodes under a light microscope. It provides background information on trematodes including their anatomy, taxonomy, life cycles, and examples of four species examined - Fasciola gigantica, Paramphistomum, Gastrodiscus aegypticus, and Schistosoma bovis. The discussion section describes the characteristics and life cycles of each species. The conclusion confirms that the given specimens were viewed and identified under the microscope.
V E T E R I N A R Y H E L M I N T H O L O G Y
1. Tapeworms are ribbon-like parasites with three main body parts: head, neck, and segmented body. They have indirect or direct life cycles involving intermediate hosts.
2. Important tapeworm genera in poultry include Raillietina, Davainea, and Dipylidium. Raillietina species can cause enteritis or nodule formation.
3. Other important tapeworms discussed are from the families Anoplocephalidae, infecting horses, and Hymenolepididae, infecting rodents. Echinococcus species can form hydatid cysts in organs.
Veterinary Helminthology
1. Tapeworms are ribbon-like parasites with three main body parts: head, neck, and segmented body. They have indirect lifecycles involving intermediate hosts.
2. Important tapeworm genera in poultry include Raillietina, Davainea, and Dipylidium. Raillietina species use ants as intermediate hosts. Davainea gravid segments actively exit the host.
3. Important equine tapeworms are in the Anoplocephalidae family. Anoplocephala perfoliata can cause intestinal ulcers and hemorrhage.
Cestodes
Detailed description of Cestode Parasites covering morphology, life cycle, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnosis, and management.
cestode.pptx
medical parasitology/ helminths
Parasitology is the study of parasites, their hosts, and the relationship between them. As a biological discipline, the scope of parasitology is not determined by the organism or environment in question but by their way of life.
CHAPTER THREE.pptx
This document provides an overview of helminths and discusses Ascaris lumbricoides in detail. It begins with learning objectives and an outline. It then defines helminths and describes their general features. Specifically for A. lumbricoides, it discusses its epidemiology, morphology, life cycle, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis, treatment and prevention/control. It is a common roundworm found worldwide that infects the small intestine and is transmitted through ingestion of eggs from contaminated soil or food. Symptoms result from migration of larvae or obstruction from large worm burdens. Diagnosis is via identification of eggs in stool samples.
B.sc. (micro) i em unit 3.4 protozoa
This document provides information about protozoa. It begins by defining protozoa as eukaryotic, unicellular organisms that lack cell walls and use cilia, flagella, or pseudopodia for motility. There are around 20,000 protozoan species, most of which are free-living in water or soil. Some can be parasitic or symbiotic. Important medically relevant protozoa include Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia, which can cause intestinal infections. Other protozoan diseases mentioned are African sleeping sickness caused by Trypanosoma brucei and Chagas disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. The document also briefly discusses helmin
Class Trematoda. Tapeworms as parasites of human being
This document provides information on various medically important worms (helminths). It begins by classifying helminths into two phyla - Platyhelminthes and Nemathelminthes. Platyhelminthes includes the classes Trematoda (flukes) and Cestoidea (tapeworms). The document then describes the life cycles and characteristics of various trematode parasites, including Fasciola hepatica, Opisthorchis felineus, Clonorchis sinensis, Dicrocoelium lanceatum, and Paragonimus westermani. It also covers the blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma, which cause schistosomiasis
Ascaris lumbricoides
This document discusses Ascaris lumbricoides, the roundworm. It describes the morphology of the adult worms and eggs. The lifecycle is completed within a single human host. Symptoms of infection can include intestinal or pulmonary disease. Diagnosis is made by identifying eggs in stool samples. Treatment involves anthelmintic drugs. Prevention focuses on proper sanitation and hygiene.
Ascariasis by Asif Ibrahim
Ascariasis is caused by the roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides, which infects the small intestine of humans. It is most common in children in developing countries with poor sanitation. The worm's eggs pass in feces and can infect others if ingested from contaminated food, water, or soil. The life cycle involves eggs hatching into larvae in the intestines, migrating to the lungs, and growing into adults in the intestines. Symptoms range from none to intestinal blockage. Diagnosis is by finding eggs in stool samples under a microscope. Treatment involves deworming medicines. Prevention focuses on improved sanitation and hygiene.
Parasitology [Autosaved].pptx
Parasitology is the study of parasites and parasitism. It explores aspects of parasite biochemistry, physiology, biology, and immunology. Key terms include: parasite, host, endoparasite, ectoparasite, reservoir host, vector, carrier, direct and indirect life cycles.
Helminthes are divided into three phyla: Nematodes (roundworms), Cestodes (tapeworms), and Trematodes (flukes). Important cestodes include Moniezia found in sheep and cattle. Key trematodes are Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke) and Paramphistomum (rumen fluke). Important nematodes are Haemonchus
Classification of Order hymenoptera
This document presents information about the order Hymenoptera. It discusses the classification of Hymenoptera and provides details about four families within the order: Tenthredinidae, Ichneumonidae, Braconidae, and Trichogrammatidae. Key points include that Hymenoptera includes bees, wasps, and ants, and that the order is very beneficial as many are pollinators, predators, or parasites. The document also gives examples of species from each family.
Similar to Gastrothylax crumenifer.pptx (20)
Class Trematoda. Tapeworms as parasites of human being
Class Trematoda. Tapeworms as parasites of human being
Recently uploaded
acne vulgaris -Mpharm (2nd semester) Cosmetics and cosmeceuticals
cosmetics and cosmeceuticals
Muskan
mpharm
2nd semester
Guru Gobind Singh college of pharmacy, yamunanagar, haryana
KENT'S REPERTORY by dr niranjan mohanty.pptx
its a presentation on Dr kents Repertory by Dr niranjan Mohanty
Call Girls In Mumbai +91-7426014248 High Profile Call Girl Mumbai
Call Girls In Mumbai +91-7426014248 High Profile Call Girl Mumbai
PGx Analysis in VarSeq: A User’s Perspective
Since our release of the PGx capabilities in VarSeq, we’ve had a few months to gather some insights from various use cases. Some users approach PGx workflows by means of array genotyping or what seems to be a growing trend of adding the star allele calling to the existing NGS pipeline for whole genome data. Luckily, both approaches are supported with the VarSeq software platform. The genotyping method being used will also dictate what the scope of the tertiary analysis will be. For example, are your PGx reports a standalone pipeline or would your lab’s goal be to handle a dual-purpose workflow and report on PGx + Diagnostic findings.
The purpose of this webcast is to:
Discuss and demonstrate the approaches with array and NGS genotyping methods for star allele calling to prep for downstream analysis.
Following genotyping, explore alternative tertiary workflow concepts in VarSeq to handle PGx reporting.
Moreover, we will include insights users will need to consider when validating their PGx workflow for all possible star alleles and options you have for automating your PGx analysis for large number of samples. Please join us for a session dedicated to the application of star allele genotyping and subsequent PGx workflows in our VarSeq software.
District Residency Programme (DRP) for PGs in India.pptx
District Residency Programme (DRP) for PG in India
Call Girls Lucknow 9024918724 Vip Call Girls Lucknow
Call Girls Lucknow 9024918724 Vip Call Girls Lucknow
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...Université de Montréal
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Montreal Expanding the medical model to embrace the humanities. Link: https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/-psychiatry-and-the-humanities-an-innovative-course-at-the-university-of-montrealPatellar Instability: Diagnosis Management
Pictorial and detailed description of patellar instability with sign and symptoms and how to diagnose , what investigations you should go with and how to approach with treatment options . I have presented this slide in my 2nd year junior residency in orthopedics at LLRM medical college Meerut and got good reviews for it
After getting it read you will definitely understand the topic.
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis - Pathogenesis , Clinical Features & Manage...
In this presentation , SBP ( spontaneous bacterial peritonitis ) , which is a common complication in patients with cirrhosis and ascites is described in detail.
The reference for this presentation is Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Textbook ( 11th edition ).
All about shoulder Joint ..
All about shoulder joint , Anatomy ,Examination, Special tests and radiology.
Hemodialysis: Chapter 6, Hemodialysis Adequacy and Dose - Dr.Gawad
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/RvdYsTzgQq8
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/ECILGWtgZko
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
RESPIRATORY DISEASES by bhavya kelavadiya
The Children are very vulnerable to get affected with respiratory disease.
In our country, the respiratory Disease conditions are consider as major cause for mortality and Morbidity in Child.
What is Obesity? How to overcome Obesity?
Obesity is a chronic complex disease defined by excessive fat deposits that can impair health.
NARCOTICS- POLICY AND PROCEDURES FOR ITS USE
This document outlines policies and procedures for handling narcotic and controlled drugs in NABH accredited hospitals.
Cervical Disc Arthroplasty ORSI 2024.pptx
Indication and installation of a mobile cervical disc prosthesis. Benefits of the PRODISC C VIVO mobile disc prosthesis (Centinel Spine)
Hemodialysis: Chapter 5, Dialyzers Overview - Dr.Gawad
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/Pt1nA32sdHQ
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/uFdc9F0rlP0
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Nano-gold for Cancer Therapy chemistry investigatory project
chemistry investigatory project
The development of nanogold-based cancer therapy could revolutionize oncology by providing a more targeted, less invasive treatment option. This project contributes to the growing body of research aimed at harnessing nanotechnology for medical applications, paving the way for future clinical trials and potential commercial applications.
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, prompting the need for innovative treatment methods. Nanotechnology offers promising new approaches, including the use of gold nanoparticles (nanogold) for targeted cancer therapy. Nanogold particles possess unique physical and chemical properties that make them suitable for drug delivery, imaging, and photothermal therapy.
Recently uploaded (20)
acne vulgaris -Mpharm (2nd semester) Cosmetics and cosmeceuticals
acne vulgaris -Mpharm (2nd semester) Cosmetics and cosmeceuticals
Call Girls In Mumbai +91-7426014248 High Profile Call Girl Mumbai
Call Girls In Mumbai +91-7426014248 High Profile Call Girl Mumbai
District Residency Programme (DRP) for PGs in India.pptx
District Residency Programme (DRP) for PGs in India.pptx
Call Girls Lucknow 9024918724 Vip Call Girls Lucknow
Call Girls Lucknow 9024918724 Vip Call Girls Lucknow
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis - Pathogenesis , Clinical Features & Manage...
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis - Pathogenesis , Clinical Features & Manage...
Hemodialysis: Chapter 6, Hemodialysis Adequacy and Dose - Dr.Gawad
Hemodialysis: Chapter 6, Hemodialysis Adequacy and Dose - Dr.Gawad
pharmacy exam preparation for undergradute students.pptx
pharmacy exam preparation for undergradute students.pptx
Hemodialysis: Chapter 5, Dialyzers Overview - Dr.Gawad
Hemodialysis: Chapter 5, Dialyzers Overview - Dr.Gawad
Nano-gold for Cancer Therapy chemistry investigatory project
Nano-gold for Cancer Therapy chemistry investigatory project
Gastrothylax crumenifer.pptx
- 1. Gastrothylax crumenifer SUBMITTED BY:- GROUP 3 DVM 4TH SEMESTER SESSION 2019-2024 1
- 2. Taxonomic Hierarchy:- Kingdom:- Animalia Phylum:- Platyhelminthes(Flatworms) Class:- Trematodes(Flukes) Sub-Class:- Digenia Order:- Echinostomatida Family:- Paramphistomatidae Genus:- G.crumenifer 2
- 3. Common Name:- G.crumenifer is commonly called Ruminal Fluke. Morphology:- 10-18mm in Length, 5-7mm in width. Pear Shaped Both oral and ventral sucker present Ventral sucker large(Acetabulum) Ventral pouch present. S-shaped Uterus. Testes bi-lobed and parallel 3
- 4. Intestinal caeca long and wavy. Ovary posterior to testes. Vitaline gland present. Large ventral pouch present. Predilation Site:- Rumen and reticulum. 4
- 5. Egg Morphology:- Oppurculated. Embryonated. Transparent. Incubation Period:- Incubation period is usually 7-14 weeks. 5
- 6. G.crumenifer Eggs of G.crumenifer 6
- 7. Definitive Host:- Sheep, Goat, Cattle etc. Intermediate Host:- Land Snail(Lymnea/Planorbis) Pathogenicity:- 1. Anemia 8. GIT inflammation. 2. Enteritis 9. weakness 3. Congestion hemorrhages. 10. Emaciation. 4. Ulcers 11. hypo-Protenemia 5. Anorexia 6. Diarrhea 7. Sub mandibular edema 7
- 8. Life Cycle:- 1. Adult fluke lays eggs in rumen. 2. Eggs are released via feces near water bodies or grazing sites. 3. Eggs are hatched and Meracidium is released. 4. Meracidium enter snails(Intermediate Host) 5. Snails reside on grass(Meracidium develops into Sporocyst) Snail is ultimately ingested by grazing animals. 8
- 9. 6. Sporocyst develops into cercarie. 7. Cercarie penetrate skin of animals. 8. Cercarie develop to metacercarie. 9. Metacercarie develop to adult. “Radial Stage is absent” 9
- 10. 10 Life cycle of G.crumenifer
- 11. Diagnosis:- Coproscopy(Fecal Examination) Post Mortem Examination. Serological Tests. Coproscopy 11
- 12. Treatment:- Oxyclosanide. Hexachlorophene. Bithinol. Resorantel. 12
- 13. Control:- 1. Control of snails on farm(Ducks and hens should be used) 2. Fencing of water bodies and water lodging areas. 3. Providing piped water to animals. 4. Regular Deworming. 5. Treatment of fresh forages. 13