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1. • Biodiversity is the variety of all life on
earth. Biodiversity also to every living
thing including plants bacteria
animals and humans. Many scientists
have estimated that there are around
8.7 million species of plants and
animals in existence. Plant diversity
are kind of plant species Plant
diversity has depend on topography
with environmental heterogeneous
after suitable environment fore wide
range of life forms

2.  To identify cause of plant biodiversity loss.
 To identify the consequences of plant
biodiversity loss.
 To identify the current plant biodiversity
conservation methods.

3.  In the study area there are many problem
related to case of biodiversity loss, Such as
community does not have awareness for
biodiversity how to conserve and the benefit of
biodiversity. The local people usually depend
on the forest for different purposes, such as
agricultural expansion, livestock forage,
charcoal and construction and making
furniture. Therefore, the aim of this study was
to know the status of plant biodiversity loss in
Nejabas kebele chiro woreda.

4.  The general objective of this study was to
assess the cause and consequences plant
biodiversity loss in Nejabas kebele Chiro
woreda west Hararghe zone.

5.  Climate is one of the physical factors that
affect human life style and the type of
economic activities people are engage in
within an area. Of all climatic conditions,
rainfall, temperature and wind are discussed
briefly to their planning implications.
 Temperature: - The mean annual
temperature, the mean annual maximum and
mean annual minimum temperatures of the
town are reckoned to be about 18.870c,
23.760C& 10.670C, respectively, which is the

6.  The output will be contribute a lot for
community awareness through increasing
about biodiversity conservation system. It will
be help to balance agro ecological zone by
absorbing ultraviolet related help to gases
such as greenhouse gases example carbon
dioxide (co2) and which lead to increase
health care by reducing global warming
gases. It also other wide will be help to the
community by increasing soil quality to
increasing the grass domestic production of
the individual countries which lead to the

7.  The study area was found in Chiro woreda
west Hararghe zone in Oromia region. It is
located 326km far from east of the Addis
Ababa which is the capital city of Ethiopia.
Geographical location of the study area is
between longitude and latitude of 10° 00'' N
and 39°54''E with an elevation of 1280 meters
above sea level. (Chiro woreda agricultural
office 2013)

8.  The sample house hold for this study was
selected by using two stage sampling
techniques. In the first stages Nejabas kebele
was selected purposively based on the
presence of remnant indigenous tree/ shrubs
and plantation on farm land, accessibility and
familiarity of the researcher to the area; and
the two villages were selected randomly for
data collection. In the second stage the
sample house hold heads for interview were
selected random. Lastly the sample size will
be determined by depending the size of total
house hold 5% of total house hold will be

9.  The area was mainly dominated by farm land.
Especially large area of the land is cover by farm
land the people of the area depended on
agricultural productive system. The level LaHood of
the community is based on mixed subsistence
farming crop production involves intensively
managed small farmers around the house and
extensive shifting cultivation in the wood land.
Dominant crop in the study area are maize,, bean,
onion, sorghum and chat etc. Most of the kebele
area is associated with exotic species for example
Eucalyptus camadulensis, Cordia africana, and pod
carpus. In the area there are various vegetation
type, but the most dominant are shrubs and
bushes with sparse large plants all these are native
species.(chiro agricultural office 2013)

10.  The central statistical authority in its annual
statistical abstract of 2022 projects chiro town
has the total population around 69793,
whereas 3724 are males and 32589 are
females, that Land holding population of
11829 kilo meter square (Chiro town
administration office)
 The Town is organized with 4 main Kebele
however; the study were cover only chiro
nejabas kebele, which possessing about 2135
(2007 National censes) of population.

11.  This interview was conducted with
knowledgeable people in the study area. The
priority to select those informants were
because they involved direct contact forest
resources and exposure is high.

12.  Bothe primary and secondary data were used
for this study include published and
unpublished material such as reports,
research papers, and data files from internet
or web pages and woreda forest and
environmental protection office reports or
documents. The primary source of data will
be used for this study include house survey,
focus group discussion, key informant
interviews, and field observation.

13.  A focus group discussion were conducted
with 10 respondents 5 male and 5 female of
varies ages who has lived in the study area
for more than 18 years and were
 Therefore familiar with the area and the
changes that have occurred. The discussion
enabled the informant to freely speak on
issues pertaining to socioeconomic factors
affecting wood species diversity and their
farmer preference to the existence of the
indigenous tree or shrubs.

14.  The collected data were analysed by using
descriptive statistical tools such as
frequencies, Shannon index and percentages.
The result were presented using table, graphs
and qualitative statement and descriptions.

15.  In this study the household’s survey is
contacted as on the selected households. For
the survey, open and close ended types of
questionnaire will be are prepared using the
information obtained from key informant
interview. The questionnaires consists
different types which are related to the topics
of research.

16.  Field observation was conducted throughout
the process of the research in order to ensure
the validity of information obtained. It was
done for the purpose of getting guidance for
development of formal question and to be
acquainted with the value of local people and
to be implemented before house hold survey.

17.  In the study area the cause for plant
biodiversity was high among them.
 Table 1 Cause of biodiversity loss.
 No
 Couse of biodiversity loss
 Number of respondents
 Percentage (%)
 1
 Cutting for fire wood
 18
 45
 2

18.  The cause and Consequences of biodiversity loss
in Nejabas kebele Chiro Woreda are the major
problem in the area. The study examined that
environmental problem which cause biodiversity
of land were discussed more over those study
examined various problems which visible in the
surrounding environment. The result indicate
that the area would not well demarcation of
community land and forest. There were shortage
of protection the environment because of various
resource .Low socio economic status of the
society, lack of awareness .etc. These threats to
the forest imply the need to prepare
management action to mention the species
composition and structure of the forest so that
the forest can sustainable be utilized.

19.  On the basis of result so this paper the following possible
suggestion are recommended. Before any local, national
or international degradation policy an enforced
government leads must acquire detailed understanding of
complex combination of proximate caused a given area or
country. Government leader need to take action by
addressing the underlying forces. Rather than merely
regulation the proximate cause in a broader sense. The
government body at local national international scale need
to emphasize the following considering many if
replaceable ecosystem services provided by natural
habitant (indigenous plant). Protecting remaining natural
and biodiversity by using alternative source of energy.
Educating the public about importance of national
habitant and biodiversity. Developing family planning
programs in area of rapid population growth. Finding
ways to increase agricultural output rather than simply
increase the total land in production (promoting of farm
income generation activities) sustainable use of natural
resource.