This study guide provides an overview of topics to review for the Unit 2 exam. It lists characteristics of classical civilizations and empires. Key areas about Rome are outlined, including its geography, law, and transition from kingdom to republic. Greece is discussed in terms of Athens, democracy, city-states, and philosophers. Buddhism, Hinduism, Chinese dynasties, the Silk Road, and cultural diffusion from 200 BC to 1450 AD are briefly introduced. The student is directed to use this guide to research topics further and ask questions if needed.

1. UNIT 2
STUDY
GUIDE
THIS IS A REVIEW OF WHAT TOPICS NEED
TO BE STUDIED FOR THE UNIT 2 EXAM

2. TOPICS TO REVIEW: HOW TO
USE THIS STUDY GUIDE
THIS POWERPOINT CONTAINS TOPICS TO REVIEW
THIS IS NOT EXHAUSTIVE.
THIS IS NOT COMPLETE.
THIS SHOULD FUNCTION AS A PROMPTING EXERCISE THAT GETS YOU
TO “LOOK UP” THESE TOPICS FROM THE OTHER POWERPOINTS,
READINGS, AND CLASSWORK THAT WE HAVE DONE
YOU ALL SEEM TO LOVE GOOGLE SO MUCH.
THIS POWERPOINT IS A GOOGLER’S PARADISE: GO AHEAD AND “
GOOGLE YOUR HEART OUT” RESEARCHING WHAT YOU NEED TO
STUDY FOR THIS TEST.

3. CHARACTERISTICS OF
CLASSICAL CIVILIZATIONS
• Political Stability
• Advancements in
Technology
• Achievements in Art
• Progress in
Transportation
• Creation of Notable
Architectural Works

4. CHARACTERISTICS OF
EMPIRES
• Roads +
Transport
• Trade
Networks
• Cities
• Art, Culture,
Etc.
• Law + Order
• Conquest

5. ROME
Empire in Mediterranean
Law – Twelve Tables
Gladiators
Conquered Other
Populations
Kingdom Republic
Participate

6. ROME
GEOGRAPHY
Roman Geography
• Tiber River
• Agriculture
• Seven Hills
• Defense
• Mediterranean Sea
• Trade
• Navy
• Located on Italian Peninsula
• Control of Mediterranean

7. MODERN ALPHABET:
IMPORTANCE OF GREECE AND
ROME
Greco-Roman Alphabet
• Letters From
Phoenicians
• Letters Combine to
Make Words
• Greek  Latin 
English
Geography of Phoenicia

8. ATHENS
Direct Democracy
Heart of Ancient Greece
Acropolis
Epitome of Greek Culture
+ Foundation of Western
Culture

9. DEMOCRACY
Representation
Athens = Direct
Democracy
• Citizens are the
source of power in
government.
Rome + US =
Republics

10. GREEK CITY
STATES
Mountain Isolation
Polis = City
Self Contained
• Culture
• Characteristics
• Currency
• Etc.

11. GREEK
PHILOSOPHERS
1) Socrates
• Founder or Western Philosophy
• Tutor of Plato
2) Plato
• Founded Academy
• Dialogue Philosophy
• Republic
• Tutored Aristotle
3) Aristotle
• Tutor Alexander the Great
• Virtue Ethics
• Natural Sciences

12. GREEK CULTURE
Hellenism Spread by
Alexander the Great
Language
Philosophy
Sculpture
Art, Math, Drama
Greek Gods + Mythology 
Roman

13. SIDDHARTHA
GAUTAMA
Buddha
Prince in Nepal 
Gave it all Up
Founded
Buddhism

14. BUDDHISM
Buddha
All Life is Suffering
4 Noble Truths
8 Fold Path
Reincarnation
Enlightenment

15. HINDUISM
Religion
Dharma
Karma
Gupta Empire
Caste System
Reincarnation

16. GUPTA EMPIRE
After Maurya Empire
Fine Poems + Drama
Advances in
Sciences and Math
Sanskrit + Concept
of Zero
Hinduism

17. CASTE SYSTEM
Social Stratification
Levels or Classes
Karma
Reincarnation
Hinduism

18. CHINESE DYNASTIES
Zhou
Qin
Han
Mandate of
Heaven

19. HAN DYNASTY
Silk Road
Iron
Bureaucracy
Return to
Confucianism

20. SILK ROAD
Start from China and
Move East
Camels for
Transportation
Silk Export for Imports

21. CHINESE LEGALISM
Qin Dynasty
Strict interpretation
of Law
People are naughty
and need rules
(think of this class)

22. CULTURAL DIFFUSION:
200B.C. – 1450 A.D.
Trade Spreads
Religion
Trade Spreads Culture
Which Direction is
Diffusion Moving?
Islam
Buddhism

23. MIDDLE EASTERN
RELIGIONS
• Middle East
• Monotheism
• Abrahamic
Religion
1. Judaism
2. Christianity
3. Islam

24. GOOD LUCK!
1) Review this PowerPoint
2) Check “Test Review” Under Week 7 in the Hub
3) Watch Videos, Read PowerPoints, Review
“Make-Up Packet”
4) Come at Lunch or Email me if you have
questions