Ancient Greece and Rome laid the foundations of European civilization. Key developments included the emergence of democracy in Athens and the expansion of the Roman Empire throughout Europe. Christianity later became the dominant religion in Europe. The Middle Ages saw the rise of feudalism and the establishment of nation-states. The Renaissance and Reformation led to changes in art, learning, and religion. The Industrial Revolution and subsequent wars transformed Europe. Today, Europe faces challenges from population changes and ethnic diversity but also benefits from urbanization, education, and a high standard of living.

1. History and Cultures of Europe
Chapter 11

2. Greek word origin game
 https://jeopardylabs.com/play/ancient-greece-
and-rome15**
 https://jeopardylabs.com/play/ancient-greece-
rome-jeopardy
Greek and Roman jeopardy
 https://quizlet.com/65553894/greek-words-flash-
cards/

3. #1
 Which of the following is NOT an influence of
Roman engineering?
A. Concrete roads
B. Suspension bridges
C. Aqueducts
D. Arch structures

4. #1
B.

5. #2- Roman Art mainly focused on
A. Landscape
B. Gods and Goddesses
C. Portraits
D. Animals

6. B.

7. #3 True or false: Ancient Greeks
were the first to use an alphabet

8.  False- they got it from the Phoenicians

9. #4 This poet’s writings influenced
other Greek literature
A. Odyssey
B. Archilochus
C. Homer
D. Sappho

10.  C- Homer

11. whose ideas influenced the social
and natural sciences
A. Pythagoras
B. Plato
C. Socrates
D. Shakespeare

12. C.

13. #6 Which of the following was the
main political contribution of Greece:
A. Presidency
B. Monarchy
C. Dictatorship
D. Democracy

14. D. Democracy

15. #7 How did Greek philosophers
change the way of thinking?
A. They began to record their thoughts
B. They began to use truth and reason to support
ideas
C. They began to use democracy and an open
forum to discuss ideas
D. They began to use religion to support ideas

16.  B.

17. #8- Which of the following were
Greek contributions to science?
A. They mapped out the human body
B. They determined the earth was not flat
C. They determined the orbits of the earth and
planets
D. They advanced surgical procedures

18. C.

19. #9- The most important political
contribution from Ancient Rome was
A. Democracy
B. Direct or representative democracy
C. Constitutional monarchy
D. Communism

20.  B.

21. were provided similar opportunities in
education, business, and trade as
men

22.  True!!

23. What did we get from Ancient Greece
and Rome?
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l9NAiMBRBG
g

24. Cornell Notes- Set up in
notebook
Page #+ Main ideas
Turn each heading into
a question
Details/answers My
comments/questions
Pg. 294- 295
Ancient Europe
Greece and Rome
- 1. How might a
democracy promote the
spread of learning, the
arts, and new ideas?

25. Page #/Main
ideas/headings
Details My
comments/questions
Pg. 298- 299
Expansion of Europe
- Christian Europe
- Middle Ages
- Crusades
- Renaissance
- Reformation
2. How did the
Renaissance in Italy
change the future of
the country and the rest
of Europe?
3. How did the
Reformation affect
religious unity and
power in Europe?

26. Complete the Foldable on p. 293 of
your text
1. Take 3 pieces of loose-leaf or white paper.
2. Fold them to form 6 equal tabs (see picture example
on p. 293)
3. Title each tab the following:
Europe’s history and cultures
1. Greece and Rome
2. Middle Ages
3. Modern Times
4. Europe’s Population
5. Europe’s culture
4. For each tab, write down at least 3-5 important facts and
the main idea of each section (The Who, What, When,
Where, Why, How)
5. Draw at least one image that would symbolize the main

27.  Europe is rich in history and culture. Like the
United States, most countries in Europe are
industrialized and have high standards of living.
Unlike the United States, however, the people of
Europe do not share a common language and
government.
Essential Questions:
What forces have helped unify Europeans at
different times?

28. Section 1: History &
Governments
 The characteristics and movement of people
impact physical and human systems.

29. Ancient Europe
 Ancient Greece and
Rome laid the
foundations of
European
civilization.
 Classical world—
meaning ancient
Greece & Rome. Do you get to vote on family
decisions or elect leaders to
your school government?

30. Ancient Greece
 Mountains, islands,
and seas isolated
early communities.
 Began as fishing
communities.
 City-states develop:
independent cities
and the surrounding
area.
 Shared a language &
culture.

31. Ancient Greece
 Most powerful city-
state was Athens.
 World’s first
democracy: a
political system in
which all citizens
share in running the
government.
 Learning & arts
thrived.

32. Ancient Greece
 Mid 300s B.C.
warfare weakened
Greece.
 Greek culture
spread to Egypt &
Persia.
 Scientific advances
spread.
 130 B.C. conquered
by Rome.

33. Roman Empire
 Rome becomes a
dominant power.
 Began as a
monarchy, then
became a republic.
 In a republic, people
choose their own
leaders.
 Developed a code of
laws.
 All citizens had a
right to equal
treatment.

34. Roman Empire
 Romans began
expanding
throughout Europe.
 Conquered peoples
allowed to become
Roman citizens.
 Emperor: an all-
powerful ruler.

35. Christianity
 Christianity
develops in
Palestine.
 Romans had Jesus
executed.
 Peter & Paul
establish Christian
church in Rome.
 329 A.D. Christianity
became official
religion of Rome.

36. Rome’s Decline
 Rivals among the
leaders, and attacks
by Germanic tribes led
to Rome’s downfall.
 Byzantine Empire
develops in the east.
 German tribes rule in
the west.
 Latin language basis
for many European
languages.
 Architectural
influences.

37. Knowledge Check:
 Describe ancient Rome’s influences on the
modern world.

38. Compare/Contrast: use pp. 298- 301
Renaissance Reformation Enlightenment Common to all
three

39. Expansion of Europe
 During the Middle
Ages, European
society, religion, and
government
underwent great
changes.
 Middle Ages: period
between Rome’s fall
and modern times.
Are there still parts of the
world left to explore?

40. Christian Europe
 Roman Catholic
church based in
Rome with a pope.
 Eastern Orthodox
Church centered in
Byzantine Empire.

41. Middle Ages
 No strong
governments
existed during this
period.
 Feudalism: kings
gave land to nobles.
 Nobles became
knights in return.
 Most people poor
peasants during this
period.

42. The Crusades
 Islamic religion was
on the rise.
 Muslims gained
control of Holy
Land.
 Knights went to
retake the Holy Land
in a series of wars.

43. The Crusades
 Trade began to take
place between
Europe & Muslim
lands.
 Feudalism withered.
 Kings created
nation-states: a
country made up of
people who share a
common culture or
history.
 Black Death killed
1/3 of Europe’s

44. The Renaissance
 Revival in art &
learning.
 Thrived in Florence,
Rome & Venice.
 Interest in ancient
cultures.
 Humanism—interest
in the individual &
human society.
 Spread around
Europe.

45. The Reformation
 Problems with the
Catholic church
 Some want reforms.
 Led to creation of
Protestantism.
 New religion
dominates northern
Europe.
 Sparked wars
 Monarchs stop
listening to church
leaders.

46. European Explorations
 Age of Exploration
 Looking for route to
East Asia.
 New World
discovered.
 Riches discovered
in Americas.

47. Knowledge Check:
 What changes did the Black Death bring to
Europe?

48. Modern Europe
 From the 1600s to
the 1800s and
beyond, new ideas
and discoveries
helped Europe
become a global
power.
How would your life be
different without computers,
cell phones, or other modern
technologies?

49. The Enlightment
 Science used to
explain the world.
 Revolution:
sweeping change, in
the way people
thought.
 Reason, not faith,
now used for
understanding
 All people have right
to life, liberty, &
property
 Citizens have right
to overthrow

50. The Enlightment
 American & French
Revolutions
 Rise of Napoleon
 Ruler’s power
increasingly limited.
 Increased citizen
rights.

51. Section 1 Review
Movement/Event/Gro
up
Contributions Why it matters today
Ancient Greece
Ancient Rome
Christianity
Crusades
Middle Ages
Renaissance
Reformation
Age of Exploration
Enlightenment

52. Industry & Conflict
 Industrial revolution
 Machines now used
in factories
 Items more
affordable
 Improved
transportation
 Improved farming
techniques
 City populations
explode
 Increased pollution

53. Industry & Conflict
 WWI & WWII
 Europe left in ruins
 The Holocaust
 Cold War develops
 Communism:
system in which the
government controls
the ways of
producing goods.

54. New Era for Europe
 Fall of Communism
 Unification of
Germany
 Collapse of Soviet
Union
 European Union
formed

55. Knowledge Check:
 What was the age of the Enlightenment?

56. Section 2: Cultures & Lifestyles
 Culture groups shape human systems.

57. Population Patterns
 Ethnic differences
and population
changes pose
challenges for
Europe.
 Europe’s people are
crowded into a
relatively small
space.
How do you treat a new
person who joins your class?
What kind of challenges
does he or she face?

58. A Rich Ethnic Mix
 Ethnic Group: a
group of people with
shared ancestry,
language, and
customs.
 Europe’s mix a
result of migrations,
wars, & changing
boundaries.
 Had led to many
conflicts.
 Growing sense of
unity today though.

59. A Rich Ethnic Mix
 Value democracy &
human rights
 Government must
care for citizens
 Welfare states:
government is main
provider of support
for sick, needy, &
retired.

60. Population Changes
 Since WWII,
immigration from
Asia, Africa, & Latin
America
 Caused tensions
 Low fertility rate:
average number of
children born to each
woman.
 Overall population
decreasing.
 Better health care =
living longer.

61. Knowledge Check:
 How do national and ethnic loyalties benefit
and harm Europeans?

62. Life in Europe
 European lifestyles
today reflect the
region’s urban
society and level of
wealth.
 Today, most
Europeans are well-
educated city
dwellers with
comfortable
incomes.
Does the idea of living in a
city appeal to you?

63. Cities
 Urbanization—the
concentration of
people in towns &
cities.
 75% of Europeans
live in cities
 London, Paris,
Madrid, Berlin.
 Ancient landmarks
mix with
skyscrapers.
 Public

64. Transportation
 Very advanced transportation network
 Trains link most towns
 Highways & canals
 Most transportation government owned.

65. Education & Income
 highest literacy
rates in the world
 Earn more money
than other parts of
the world
 Many eastern
European countries
still struggling
though
 Banking jobs
common

66. Leisure
 Lots of paid
vacation
 Travel common
 Recreational sports
 Rugby & soccer
popular

67. Knowledge Check:
 What type of industry provides the most jobs
in Europe?

68. Religion and the Arts
 Religion, especially
Christianity, has had
an important effect
on European society
and arts.
If you enjoy creative writing
or making art or music, what
ideas inspire you?

69. Religion
 Europe has become
increasingly
secular—
nonreligious.
 Christianity still a
major influence.
 Roman Catholic
predominates
 Protestantism,
Eastern Orthodox,
Judaism, and Islam
also present.

70. Arts
 Temples & public
buildings
 Gothic architecture
 Art shows holy or
heroic subjects
 Music for religious
services
 Opera developed
here
 Romanticism =
emotional art &
music
 Impressionist

71. Knowledge Check:
 How has religion influenced the arts in
Europe?