This document defines medication administration and describes the five rights and various routes of drug administration. It discusses the oral, inhalation, topical, rectal, and parenteral routes. The oral route is the most common, involving drugs given by mouth such as capsules and tablets. Other routes include inhalation for gases or aerosols, topical for direct skin or membrane application, rectal as suppositories, and parenteral as injections via various methods into tissues or veins. The document provides advantages and disadvantages of each administration route.

1. Sixth Lab. : Medication Administration
Halabja Technical Institute
Nursing Department
First Stage
Fundamental of Nursing
Snur J. Ahmad

2. DefinitionDefinition
Medication Administration:
Defined as preparing, giving, and evaluating the drugs.
We take medications to diagnose, treat, or prevent illness.
Five Rights of Drug Administration:
1. Right patient
2. Right drug
3. Right dose
4.Right time
5.Right route

3. Different Routes of Drug AdministrationDifferent Routes of Drug Administration
• Oral Route
• Inhalation Route
• Topical Route
• Rectal Route
• Parenteral Route

4. The most common route of drug administration.
In which drug is given through the mouth.
Drug Examples: Capsules, Tablets, Syrup
Oral RouteOral Route
Sublingual Buccal

5. ADVANTAGES
•Safe
•can be self- administered
•pain free, easy to take
•Usually good absorption by
GIT .
DISADVANTAGES
•Slow absorption & action
•nausea and vomiting
•Some drugs destroyed
•Food–drug Interactions
And Drug-drug Interactions

6. Inhalation RouteInhalation Route
Is drugs administration by the nasal or oral respiratory route.
This route of administration is used for drugs that are gases
(for example, some anesthetics) or those that can be dispersed
in an aerosol
Advantages: fast & easy to take, can be self administered
Disadvantages: increased bronchial and salivary secretions

7. Supplemental oxygen
Inhaler

8. Topical RouteTopical Route
Medication that are applied directly to the skin or mucus
membranes (eye, vagina, nose, urethra, ears, colon)
Example: drops, sprays, ointment, creams ,lotions and
powders .
Advantages: lower risk of side effects
Disadvantages: Local therapeutic effects
Not well absorbed into the deeper layers of the skin
or mucous membrane

10. Rectal RouteRectal Route
Drugs that are administered rectally as a suppository.
In this form, a drug is mixed with a waxy substance
that dissolves or liquefies after it is inserted into the
rectum.
Advantages: Used in children & vomiting & gastric
irritants patients.
Disadvantages: Irritation or inflammation of rectal
mucosa can occur

12. Parenteral RouteParenteral Route
Parenteral administration is injection or infusion by means
of a needle or catheter inserted into the body .
Methods of injection
Intradermal: Into upper layer of skin & Used for skin tests
Subcutaneous: Provides slow and longer duration of action
& Rotate sites .
Intramuscular: More rapid absorption, Less irritation of
tissue
Intravenous: amount of drug can be controlled
accurately, Quick onset of action

13. Methods of injection

14. Ampoule IV infusion Vial

15. Any Question ?Any Question ?

16. Thank You …
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