Presented by Ganga Tiwari Bsc. Nursing Fourth Year( TU, IOM, MNC, Kathmandu, Nepal)

1. ORAL MEDICATIONS
Presented by:
Ganga Tiwari
Bsc nursing 4th year

2. General objective
• At the end of this session all the PCl Nursing first year
students will be able to explain about oral medication.

3. Definition
• Administration of medication by mouth and ensuring that
patient swallows it.

4. PURPOSE
• To prevent disease.
• To cure the disease.
• To promote the health.
• To give as symptomatic treatment.
• To supply missing components.

5. CONTRAINDICATIONS
• Alteration in the gastro intestinal tract.
• Immediately after surgical procedure.
• Patient who are unable to swallow i.e. with
neuromuscular disorders.
• Patient has gastric suction in situ and
before some test or surgery.

6. Contd….
• Patient who are unconscious, confused and
unwilling to swallow etc.
• When drugs are destroyed in stomach by
the action of digestive juices e.g. insulin.

7. ARTICLES REQUIRED
• Medication cardex.
• Medication tray.
• Medicine
• Measuring cup/dropper, plastic cup, and
spoon.
• Kidney tray/ paper bag
• Glass of water
• Towel or sponge cloth, cotton to dry
measuring cup.

8. PROCEDURE
• Identify patient by asking the patient to
state his name.
• Explain the purpose of medication.
• Assess for any contraindications.
• Allow patient to clarify doubts.
• Wash hands.

9. Contd..
• Assemble the articles..
• Prepare one medication at a time.
• Verify medications instructions in cardex.
• Proceed from top to bottom of the cardex.

10. Contd…
• Take appropriate medication.
• Assist patient to sitting position or side lying
position.
• For tablet and capsules pour the required
medication into cup. Do not touch with
fingers.

11. Contd..
Preparation of Oral Medication
Shake the bottle well before
administration.
Remove the cap and place the upside
down.
Hold the bottle with the label against the
palm.
Hold the medication cup at the eye level to
fill it to desire level ,using the bottom of the
meniscus to align with the container scale

12. Medicine cup

14. Contd…
• Administer one drug at a time.
• Offer a glass of water with a drug.
• Ask if the patient wishes to hold medication
cup in hand before placing in mouth.
• If the patient is unable to hold the
medication cup in hand place cup to lip
and introduce each drug one at a time with
a spoon.

15. Contd..
•In case of buccal or sublingual
medicine instruct patient not to
swallow it.
•Stay with the patient until each tablet is
swallowed.
•Assist the patient in comfortable
position.
•Dispose all the soiled supplies.
•Replace articles and wash hands.

16. Contd..
• Document the administration of drug.
• If a tablet falls to the floor, discard it and
repeat the preperation.
• ( all three checks and ten rights should
be performed)

18. References
• Health learning material center. Institute of medicine of
medicine ,Tribhuwan University.Fundamentals of nursing (
second edition reprint ,2010). Kathmandu:Heidal Press
,Dillibazar.
• Basvanthappa,B.T.(2004). Fundamentals of Nursing. New
Delhi :Jaypee Brothers.
• Perry, A.G. and Potter, P.A. (2007).Basic Nursing Essentials
For Practice .(sixth edition): Mosby
• Giri, M. and Sharma,P. (2013). Essential Fundamental Of
Nursing.(first edition).Kathmandu: Medhavi Publication.
• Pathak ,S.and Devkota ,R.(2011).A Textbook Of
Fundamentals of Nursing.(second
edition).Kathmandu:Vidyarthi Prakashan.
• Taylor,C.R. and Lillis,C.(2008). Fundamental Of
Nursing.(Volume1):Lippincott William and Willikins
• Skidmere ,L . Nursing Drug Reference(2009): Mosby