various route of administration of drugs

1. ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
OF DRUGS
Asiyabi.M
Assistant proffesor
Department of pharmacology

2. INTRODUCTION
 Route of drug administration is the path by which
the drug is introduced into the boy.For the treatment
of a disease,the drugis introduced in to the body
through a specific site.
 The choice of route for the drug administration
depend on:
1) Properties of the drug like water or
lipidsolubility,ionisation,etc
2) Therapeutic objection (rapid onset of action or
long term administration or restricted to a local
site)

6. ENTERAL ROUTE
 It is the safest,most economical, and convenient
route of drug administration.
 Tablets,Capsules,powders,mixtures,Emulsions and
gels are taken orally.
 Drug is administered throgh mouth.It is
also known as per oral.The main
advantages of this route are that the patient
is able to self administer drug and chances
of systemic infection arereduced.
ORAL ROUTE

7.  Mechanism of oral routeof drug administation is
complicated,and along with it,gastrointestinal
condition also reduceabsorption.
Advantages:
 Safe,convenient and painless method therefore most
prefeered.
 Economical,sterlisation is not required
 For oral drug administration any assistanceisnot required.
 Less chance of acute drug reaction

8. Disadvantages:
 Sometimes complete drug is not absorbed.
 Gastric mucosa irritation by certain drugs leads to
nausea and vomiting.
 Not effective in emergencies.
 Unpleasant taste of drugs.
 Route not preferred in unconscious and uncooperative
patients.
 Drug could not be administeredduring emesis.
 Drug absorption is reduced dueto complex formation
of chelation

9.  Drug is kept beneath the tongue to disintegrate and
get absorbed in mouth.The drug enters the
systemic circulation through diffusion in to
thecapillary network.
Advantages:
 Rapid absorption of drug due to highly vascularised
site therefore fast onset of action.
 Drug do not undergo first pass metabolism.
 Portal circulation is by passed.
 In case of any side effect drug can be withdrawn
 Drug can be administrated easily.
 Less chance of infection.
 No involvement of harsh GI environment.
Sublingual route

10. Disadvantages:
 It is sometime inconvenient to keep drug in mouth.
 Small doses arerequired to keep in mouth.
 Drug having high molecular weight cannot be
absorbed.
 Unpleasant,distasteful,irritant drug cannot be
administrated through this route.
Suppositories are drug that are administered throug
rectal route. Drug is foemulated with waxy additives
in which drug is dissolved.
RECTALROUTE

11.  This