An introductory lecture for 3rd year medical students, (RACM302: Community Medicine), Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol Univeristy, 2017.11.29
An introductory lecture for 3rd year medical students, (RACM302: Community Medicine), Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol Univeristy, 2017.11.28
Six Plus Building Block āļŠāļēāļāļēāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāļāđāļāļāļāļēāļ 2014Tang Thowr
Â
āđāļāļāļŠāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ°āļāļļāļĄ
power point
conference Six Plus Building Block
dental service plan
on 18 April 2014
āļ§āļąāļāļāļĩāđ āđāđ āđāļĄāļĐāļēāļĒāļ āđāđāđāđ
āļŦāđāļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļļāļĄāļāļĒāļāļēāļāļāđāļĢāļāļāļĢ āļāļąāđāļ āđ āļāļēāļāļēāļĢ āđ
āļŠāļģāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļāļĨāļąāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļŠāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļŠāļ
āļ āļēāļāļĢāļ§āļĄ Six Plus Building Block āļŠāļēāļāļēāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāļāđāļāļāļāļēāļ
An introductory lecture for 3rd year medical students, (RACM302: Community Medicine), Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol Univeristy, 2017.11.28
Six Plus Building Block āļŠāļēāļāļēāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāļāđāļāļāļāļēāļ 2014Tang Thowr
Â
āđāļāļāļŠāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ°āļāļļāļĄ
power point
conference Six Plus Building Block
dental service plan
on 18 April 2014
āļ§āļąāļāļāļĩāđ āđāđ āđāļĄāļĐāļēāļĒāļ āđāđāđāđ
āļŦāđāļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļļāļĄāļāļĒāļāļēāļāļāđāļĢāļāļāļĢ āļāļąāđāļ āđ āļāļēāļāļēāļĢ āđ
āļŠāļģāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļāļĨāļąāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļŠāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļŠāļ
āļ āļēāļāļĢāļ§āļĄ Six Plus Building Block āļŠāļēāļāļēāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāļāđāļāļāļāļēāļ
Integrating Health Information for National Health Systems Reform (October 30...Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
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Presented at the Health Systems Reform Workshop on Big Rock 1 "Ending Pandemics through Innovation Program" on October 30-31, 2021, Nonthaburi, Thailand
āļāļēāļĢāļāļąāļāļāļĢāļāļāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļŠāļĩāđāļĒāļāļāđāļēāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāļāļēāļĄāļāļĨāļļāđāļĄāļ§āļąāļĒ WECANDO āđāļāļ·āđāļāļŠāļāļąāļāļŠāļāļļāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļąāļāļāļģāļāđāļāļĄāļđāļĨāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļŠāļĩāđāļĒāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāđāļāļĢāļāļāļēāļĢ Integrated Health Care System : IHCS
āļāļĩāļĄāļŦāļĄāļāļāļĢāļāļāļāļĢāļąāļ§āļāļĩāđāđāļāđāļĄāđāļāđāļ āļāļ°āļāļģāđāļŦāđāļāļĢāļāļāļāļĢāļąāļ§āđāļāļĒāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāļāļĩāļāđāļ§āļāļŦāļāđāļē Universal health and wellness āļŠāļģāļŦāļĢāļąāļāđāļĨāļāļĻāļāļ§āļĢāļĢāļĐāļāļĩāđ 21
The Future of Thai Health Systems: Healthcare Quality Management and Control ...Borwornsom Leerapan
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Panel discussion on the future of Thai health systems: healthcare quality management and control according to the Statute on the National Health System B.E. 2552
āļŠāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāđāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļĢāļīāļāļēāļĢāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļāļ§āļāļāļļāļĄāļāļļāļāļ āļēāļāļāļēāļĄāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļđāļāļ§āđāļēāļāđāļ§āļĒāļĢāļ°āļāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāđāļŦāđāļāļāļēāļāļī āļ.āļĻ. 2552", āļāļēāļĢāļāļ āļīāļāļĢāļēāļĒ âāļāļāļēāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāđāļāļĒ āļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāļāļāđāļāļĒāļāļĩāļāļķāđāļāļŦāļĢāļ·āļāđāļĒāđāļĨāļâ, āļāļĢāļ°āļāļļāļĄāļ§āļīāļāļēāļāļēāļĢ āļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāļāļąāļĒāļĢāļ°āļāļāļŠāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļŠāļļāļ āļāļĢāļąāđāļāļāļĩāđ 3
Integrating Health Information for National Health Systems Reform (October 30...Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
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Presented at the Health Systems Reform Workshop on Big Rock 1 "Ending Pandemics through Innovation Program" on October 30-31, 2021, Nonthaburi, Thailand
āļāļēāļĢāļāļąāļāļāļĢāļāļāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļŠāļĩāđāļĒāļāļāđāļēāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāļāļēāļĄāļāļĨāļļāđāļĄāļ§āļąāļĒ WECANDO āđāļāļ·āđāļāļŠāļāļąāļāļŠāļāļļāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļąāļāļāļģāļāđāļāļĄāļđāļĨāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļŠāļĩāđāļĒāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāđāļāļĢāļāļāļēāļĢ Integrated Health Care System : IHCS
āļāļĩāļĄāļŦāļĄāļāļāļĢāļāļāļāļĢāļąāļ§āļāļĩāđāđāļāđāļĄāđāļāđāļ āļāļ°āļāļģāđāļŦāđāļāļĢāļāļāļāļĢāļąāļ§āđāļāļĒāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāļāļĩāļāđāļ§āļāļŦāļāđāļē Universal health and wellness āļŠāļģāļŦāļĢāļąāļāđāļĨāļāļĻāļāļ§āļĢāļĢāļĐāļāļĩāđ 21
The Future of Thai Health Systems: Healthcare Quality Management and Control ...Borwornsom Leerapan
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Panel discussion on the future of Thai health systems: healthcare quality management and control according to the Statute on the National Health System B.E. 2552
āļŠāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāđāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļĢāļīāļāļēāļĢāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļāļ§āļāļāļļāļĄāļāļļāļāļ āļēāļāļāļēāļĄāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļđāļāļ§āđāļēāļāđāļ§āļĒāļĢāļ°āļāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāđāļŦāđāļāļāļēāļāļī āļ.āļĻ. 2552", āļāļēāļĢāļāļ āļīāļāļĢāļēāļĒ âāļāļāļēāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāđāļāļĒ āļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāļāļāđāļāļĒāļāļĩāļāļķāđāļāļŦāļĢāļ·āļāđāļĒāđāļĨāļâ, āļāļĢāļ°āļāļļāļĄāļ§āļīāļāļēāļāļēāļĢ āļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāļāļąāļĒāļĢāļ°āļāļāļŠāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļŠāļļāļ āļāļĢāļąāđāļāļāļĩāđ 3
Presented at the RACM 302 Community Medicine Course, Doctor of Philosophy Curriculum, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on December 3, 2018
Presented at the Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on December 4, 2017.
The Last Mile of UHC in Thailand: Do We Reach the Vulnerable?Borwornsom Leerapan
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PMAC 2017 Side meeting. The panel discussion on "The Last Mile of UHC in Thailand: Do We Reach the Vulnerable?" at Centara Grand & Bangkok Convention Centre, 2017.1.30
Strengthening Health Systems: Lessons Learned from 2nd Decade of Thailandâs U...Borwornsom Leerapan
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Special Symposium "Celebrating The Legacy of HRH Prince Mahidol of Songkla: A Century of Progress in Public Health and Medicine in Thailand", presented at Harvard University 2016.8.25
Harmonizing Healthcare Financing for Health Equity: Case Studies of Cross-sub...Borwornsom Leerapan
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Harmonizing Healthcare Financing for Health Equity: Case Studies of Cross-subsidization in Thai Public Hospitals. Presented in Joint Conference of Medical Sciences Chula-Rama-Siriraj (JCMS2015) 2015.6.6
Governance issues of health screening and the practice of periodic physical examination in Thailand. Presented in Joint Conference of Medical Sciences Chula-Rama-Siriraj (JCMS2015) 2015.6.4
Complimentary Roles of Quantitative & Qualitative Research Methods 2015.2.25Borwornsom Leerapan
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Discussion of how we learn and create new knowledge. The difference between the implementation gap and the knowledge gap. Philosophy of science that leads to different approaches of quantitative and qualitative research methods. Skill for qualitative study, including deep listening.
Complimentary Roles of Quantitative & Qualitative Research Methods 2015.2.25
Small group discussions on teamwork & leadership for the 3rd-year medical students, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 2015.2.24
Primary Care: Policies and Systems,
Panel Discussion,
The 15th ACMET: The Holistic Medical Education in 21st Century Phayao University, Phayao, Thailand,
December 17, 2014
Informatics for Health Policy and Systems Research: Lessons Learned from a St...
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Functions of Health Systems
1. Pix source: Jirapat Mobkhuntod âTreatment of human equalityâ (PMAC 2015 World Art Contest, 9-13 years old)
āļŦāļāđāļēāļāļĩāđāļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ (Funtions of Health Systems)
āļāļĻ.āļāļ.āļāļ§āļĢāļĻāļĄ āļĨāļĩāļĢāļ°āļāļąāļāļāđ
RACM 302: Community Medicine
29 āļ.āļĒ. 60
https://www.slideshare.net/borwornsom/functions-of-health-systems
9. Structure & Functions of Health Systems
Pix source: www.free-ed.net/free-ed/HealthCare/Physiology/default.asp
â Structure &
Organizations
âĒ Patient Care Teams
âĒ PCUs/Clinics
âĒ Hospitals
âĒ Systems/Networks
âĒ Governance Bodies
â Functions & Systems
Building Blocks
âĒ Governing
âĒ Financing
âĒ Creating Resources
âĒ Delivering Services
âĒ Achieving Goals
âAnatomy of Health Systemsâ âPhysiology of Health Systemsâ
(Structure = What) (Functions = How)
10. Source: WHO (2000). The World Health Report 2000; Pix source: Modified from: buelahman.files.wordpress.com
The World Health Report 2000:
âĒ The WHOâs first major analysis of the worldâs healthcare systems.
âĒ Health systems of all member states were analyzed and ranked by eight measures that
explain how health systems perform.
âĒ Thailand was ranked the 47th on the overall health systems performance.
Japan
(10th)
Thailand
(47th)
China
(144th)
Germany
(25th)
Japan
(10th)
Canada
(30th)
USA
(37th)
UK
(18th)
Swiss
(20th)
Mexico
(61th)
France
(1st)
India
(144th)
Israel
(28th)
Italy
(2nd) Australia
(32nd)
11. âĒ âāļ āļēāļ§āļ°āļāļĩāđāļŠāļĄāļāļđāļĢāļāđāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĒ āļāļēāļāļāļīāļāđāļ āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļāļŠāļąāļāļāļĄ āđāļĨāļ°āđāļĄāđāđāļāđāđāļāļĩāļĒāļāđāļāđāļ āļēāļ§āļ°āļāļĩāđ
āļāļĢāļēāļĻāļāļēāļāđāļĢāļāļŦāļĢāļ·āļāļāļĢāļēāļĻāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļĢāļąāļāļĐāļēāļāļĒāļēāļāļēāļĨāđāļāđāļēāļāļąāđāļâ
(Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being
and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.(1))
âĒ âāļ āļēāļ§āļ°āļāļāļāļĄāļāļļāļĐāļĒāđāļāļĩāđāļŠāļĄāļāļđāļĢāļāđāļāļąāđāļāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĒ āļāļēāļāļāļīāļ āļāļēāļāļāļąāļāļāļē āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļāļŠāļąāļāļāļĄ
āđāļāļ·āđāļāļĄāđāļĒāļāļāļąāļāđāļāđāļāļāļāļāđāļĢāļ§āļĄāļāļĒāđāļēāļāļŠāļĄāļāļļāļĨ(2)â
â āļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĒ (physical health)
â āļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāļāļēāļāļāļīāļ (mental health)
â āļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāļāļēāļāļāļąāļāļāļē (spiritual health)**
â āļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāļāļēāļāļŠāļąāļāļāļĄ (social health)
āđāļāļ§āļāļīāļāđāļĢāļ·āđāļāļ âāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļâ (Concepts of Health)
Source: 1) Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization 1946; 2) āļ.āļĢ.āļ.āļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāđāļŦāđāļāļāļēāļāļī āļ.āļĻ. 2550
12. âĒ âāļāļāļāđāļāļĢ āļāļĨāļļāđāļĄāļāļĢāļ°āļāļēāļāļĢ āđāļĨāļ°āļāļīāļāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļąāđāļāļŦāļĄāļāļāļķāđāļāļĄāļĩāđāļāđāļēāļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļāļāđāļŦāļĨāļąāļāđāļ
āļāļēāļĢāļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ āļāđāļāļĄāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ āđāļĨāļ°āļĢāļąāļāļĐāļēāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļâ
(all organizations, people and actions whose primary interest
is to promote, restore or maintain health.(1))
âĒ âāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāļąāļĄāļāļąāļāļāđāļāļąāđāļāļĄāļ§āļĨāļāļĩāđāđāļāļĩāđāļĒāļ§āļāđāļāļāļāļąāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļâ(2)
âāļĢāļ°āļāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļâ (Health Systems)
Source: 1) World Health Organization (200); 2) āļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļđāļāļ§āđāļēāļāđāļ§āļĒāļĢāļ°āļāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāđāļŦāđāļāļāļēāļāļī āļ.āļĻ. 2552)
18. Systems Analysis & Systems Thinking
Source: Scheerens and Bosker 1997 âIPOâ
āļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļŦāļāđāļēāļāļĩāđāļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ (functions of health systems)
āđāļāļĢāļāļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāļāļāļ
āļĢāļ°āļāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ
(structure of
health systems)
(= How)
(= What)
āđāļāđāļēāļŦāļĄāļēāļĒ
āļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļ
āļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ
(goals of
health
systems)
=âāđāļāļĢāļ°āļāļâ
=âāļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļâ
=âāđāļāļāļāđāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāđāļāļāđāļ-āļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļâ
20. âĒ āļāļļāļāļĨāļąāļāļĐāļāļ°āļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāļāļĩāđāļāļķāļāļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļāļāđ (characteristics of desirable
health services system) āļŠāđāļāđāļŠāļĢāļīāļĄāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļŦāļāđāļēāļāļĩāđāļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ āđāļāđāđāļāđ:
1. āļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļāđāļāļāļĢāļĢāļĄ (Equity)
2. āļāļļāļāļ āļēāļ (Quality)
3. āļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļāļāļīāļ āļēāļ (Efficient)
4. āļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļēāļ āļīāļāļēāļĨ (Good Governance) āđāļāđāļ
âĒ āļĄāļĩāļāļ§āļēāļĄāļĢāļąāļāļāļīāļāļĢāļąāļāļāļāļāļāđāļāļŠāļąāļāļāļĄ (Social Accountability)
âĒ āļāļēāļĢāļāļāļāļŠāļāļāļāļāđāļāļāļĢāļīāļāļāļāļģāđāļāļēāļ°āļāļāļāļŠāļąāļāļāļĄ (Relevancy/Relevance)
Desirable Health Services System
Source: WHO (1964)
âEQESaRâ
21. Different Levels of Health Systems
Pix source: Gilson (2012); de Savigny & Adam (2009)
āļāļĢāļ°āđāļāļĻ, āđāļĨāļ
āļāļāļāđāļāļĢ, āļāđāļāļāļāļīāđāļ
āļāļĩāļĄāļāļđāđāļĨāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ
23. Theory of Justice
Pix source: hp-lexicon.org/wizards; helenicproducts.com
âĒ How should we fairly cut this cake into two pieces for
each of the twins?
24. Theory of Justice
Source: John Rawls. The Theory of Justice (1971, 2001): Pix source: irwinbartlet.wordpress.com
âFair decisions should be made from the original position where
no one knows what burdens or benefits he or she might receive
once the veil of ignorance is lifted.â --John Rawls
âĒ âJustice as Fairnessâ
36. âĒ āļāļ§āļēāļĄāļāļĨāļāļāļ āļąāļĒ (Safety): āđāļāđāđāļāđ āļāļēāļĢāļāļāļāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļĢāļīāļāļēāļĢāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāđāļŦāđ
āļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļāļāđāļāļāļāļąāļāļāļ§āļēāļĄāļāļīāļāļāļĨāļēāļāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļāļāļĒāđ (medical errors) āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ
āļŦāļĨāļĩāļāđāļĨāļĩāđāļĒāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļēāļāđāļāđāļāļāļāļāļāļđāđāļāđāļ§āļĒāļāļķāđāļāđāļāļīāļāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļāđāļĢāļąāļāļāļĢāļīāļāļēāļĢāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ
(iatrogenic injuries)
Quality as Safety
Source: Modified from IOM (2001); Pix source: thieme-connect.de/ejournals; tumblr.com
37. Patient Safety vs. Medical Errors
Source: amazon.com, matichonbook.com
âĒ By design, a safe healthcare system prevents medical errors
and avoid iatrogenic injuries.
(Disclaimer: Obviously, this is partly my self-advertisement!)
48. Efficiency of Thai Healthcare??
â31.2% of diabetes patients and 50.3% of
hypertension patients are not diagnosed.
Only 28.5% and 20.9% of cases have been
diagnosed, treated and brought under control.â
Figure source: Kanchanachitra .et al. (2010)
57. Six Building Blocks of
Health Services Systems
Health
Services
System
Health System
âIPOâ
58. Health Promotion: Definition
Source: āļŠāļīāļāļĻāļąāļāļāļīāđāļāļāļĄāđ āļāļļāđāļāļāļĢāļĄāļĄāļĩ (2556) āđāļāļĨāļāļēāļ First International Conference on Health Promotion, Ottawa, 21 November 1986
âāļāļēāļĢāļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāđāļŠāļĢāļīāļĄāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāđāļāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļ§āļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĩāđāđāļāļ·āđāļāļāđāļēāļāļ§āļĒāđāļŦāđāļāļĢāļ°āļāļēāļāļāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļāđāļāļīāđāļĄāļāļ§āļēāļĄ
āļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļāđāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļ§āļāļāļļāļĄāđāļĨāļ°āļāļĢāļąāļāļāļĢāļļāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāļāļāļāļāļāđāļāļ (the process of enabling
people to increase control over, and to improve, their health) āļāļēāļĢāļāļ°
āđāļāđāļēāļāļķāļāļŠāļ āļēāļ§āļ°āļāļĩāđāļŠāļĄāļāļđāļĢāļāđāļāđāļąāļāļāļēāļĒ āļāļīāļāđāļĨāļ°āļŠāļąāļāļāļĄāļāđāļąāļ āļāļļāļāļāļĨāļŦāļĢāļ·āļāļāļĨāļļāđāļĄāļāļļāļāļāļĨāļāđāļāļāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ°āļāļļ
āļāļķāļāļŠāļīāđāļāļāļĩāđāļāđāļāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļĢāļĨāļļāđāļĨāļ°āļāļĢāļĢāļĨāļļāđāļāļŠāđāļīāļ āļāļĩāđāļāđāļāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļāđ āļĢāļ§āļĄāļāļķāļāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļāļāļĢāļąāļāđāļāļĨāļĩāđāļĒāļāļŠāļīāđāļāđāļ§āļāļĨāđāļāļĄ
āļŦāļĢāļ·āļāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļāļāļĢāļąāļāļāļąāļ§āđāļŦāđāđāļāđāļēāļāļąāļāļŠāļīāđāļāđāļ§āļāļĨāđāļāļĄāļāļĩāđāđāļāļĨāļĩāđāļĒāļāđāļāđāļāđ āļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāļāļķāļāļĄāļīāđāļāđāđāļāđāļēāļŦāļĄāļēāļĒāđāļŦāđāļ
āļāļēāļĢāļāđāļēāļĢāļāļāļĩāļ§āļīāļāļāļĒāļđāđāļāļĩāļāļāđāļāđāļ āļŦāļēāļāđāļāđāđāļāđāļāđāļŦāļĨāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļĒāļāļāđāļāļāļāļāļļāļāļ§āļąāļāļāļĩāđāđāļĢāļēāļāđāļēāđāļāļīāļāļāļĩāļ§āļīāļ āļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ
āđāļāđāļāđāļāļ§āļāļīāļāļāđāļēāļāļāļ§āļāļāđāļĩāļĄāļļāđāļāđāļāđāļāđāļŦāļĨāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļĒāļāļāđāļāļēāļāļŠāļąāļāļāļĄ āđāļĨāļ°āđāļŦāļĨāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļĒāļāļāđāļŠāđāļ§āļāļāļļāļāļāļĨ
āļĢāļ§āļĄāļāļķāļāļĻāļąāļāļĒāļ āļēāļāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĒāļāļāļāļāļļāļāļāļĨ āļāļąāļāļāđāļąāļāļāļēāļĢāļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāđāļŠāļĢāļīāļĄāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ āļāļķāļāđāļĄāđāđāļāđāļāđāļāļĩāļĒāļāļāļ§āļēāļĄ
āļĢāļąāļāļāļīāļāļāļāļāļāļāļāļ āļēāļāļŠāđāļ§āļāļāđāļĩāļāļđāđāļĨāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāđāļāđāļēāļāđāļąāļ āđāļāđāļĒāļąāļāļĄāđāļļāļāđāļāļāļĩāđāļĢāļđāļāđāļāļāļāļēāļĢāļāđāļēāđāļāļīāļāļāļĩāļ§āļīāļāļāđāļĩāļŠāđāļāļāļĨ
āļāļĩāļāđāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļāļāļķāđāļāļ°āļāđāļēāđāļāļŠāļđāđāļāļēāļĢāļĄāļĩāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ§āļ° (well-being) āđāļāļāļĩāđāļŠāļļāļâ
60. â Health Promotion in Clinical Practice
âĒ âāļāļēāļĢāļŠāđāļāđāļŠāļĢāļīāļĄāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļâ
âĒ Individual-focused
âĒ Services-based
âĒ Itâs necessary, but can have
limited impacts
ÃRequires a process to link
health promotion in clinical
practice & health promotion
at the the population level
Pix source: www.barnesandnoble.com
61. ⥠Health Promotion at Population Level
âĒ āļāļēāļĢāļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāđāļŠāļĢāļīāļĄāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ/āļāļąāļāļāļēāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ
âĒ Population-focused
âĒ Not necessarily services-based
âĒ A âprocessâ, including a change
of socioeconomic policies,
politics, culture that can
influence health status of the
population and health equity
Pix source: www.cpha.ca/en/about/digest/xxxv-4/9.aspxarnesandnoble.com
âOttawa Charter of Health Promotion (1986)â
62. Health Promotion vs. Disease Prevention
Pix source: greenpeace.org; twirlit.com; who.int/bulletin; cha-amcity.go.th
âĒ Health is not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
âĒ Health promotion strategies have to go beyond health services sector.
âSocial Determinants
of Health (SDH)â
63. Levels of Disease Prevention
Pix source: Adapted from Leavell & Clark (1958)
âĒ Chronological view
65. Levels of Disease Prevention
Pix source: Adapted from Primary Health Care Classification Consortium of WONCA International Classification Committee Working Groups, 2013)
âĒ Relational view
66. Scope of Health Services
Types/Functions of
Health Services
Level of Disease Prevention
âĒ āļāļēāļĢāļŠāđāļāđāļŠāļĢāļīāļĄāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ
(Health promotion)
âĒ āļāļēāļĢāļāđāļāļāļāļąāļāđāļĢāļ
(Disease prevention)
âĒ āļāļēāļĢāļĢāļąāļāļĐāļēāđāļĢāļ
(Medical treatments)
âĒ āļāļēāļĢāļāļ·āđāļāļāļđāļŠāļ āļēāļ
(Rehabilitation)
âĒ āļāļēāļĢāļāđāļāļāļāļąāļāļāļąāđāļāđāļĢāļ
(Primary prevention)
âĒ āļāļēāļĢāļāđāļāļāļāļąāļāļāļąāđāļāļāļĩāđāļŠāļāļ
(Secondary prevention)
âĒ āļāļēāļĢāļāđāļāļāļāļąāļāļāļąāđāļāļāļĩāđāļŠāļēāļĄ
(Tertiary prevention)
âĒ āļāļēāļĢāļāđāļāļāļāļąāļāļāļąāđāđāļāļāļĩāđāļŠāļĩāđ
(Quaternary prevention)
67. Health Promotion Action
Source: First International Conference on Health Promotion, Ottawa, 21 November 1986
à āļāļēāļĢāļāđāļēāđāļāļīāļāļāļēāļĢāļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāđāļŠāļĢāļīāļĄāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ (Health Promotion Action) āļŦāļĄāļēāļĒāļāļķāļ:
1. āļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāļāđāļĒāļāļēāļĒāļŠāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļ°āđāļāļ·āđāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ
(Build healthy public policy)
2. āļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāļŠāļĢāļĢāļāđāļŠāļīāđāļāđāļ§āļāļĨāđāļāļĄāļāđāļĩāđāļāđāļ·āļāļāđāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ
(Create supportive environment)
3. āđāļŠāļĢāļīāļĄāļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāđāļēāđāļāļīāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļāļāļļāļĄāļāļāļāļĩāđāđāļāđāļĄāđāļāđāļ
(Strengthen community action)
4. āļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļąāļāļĐāļ°āļŠāđāļ§āļāļāļļāļāļāļĨ
(Develop personal skills)
5. āļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļąāļāđāļāļĨāļĩāđāļĒāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļĢāļīāļāļēāļĢāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ
(Reorient health services)
68. Ottawa Charter of Health Promotion (1986)
1.āļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāļāđāļĒāļāļēāļĒāļŠāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļ°āđāļāļ·āđāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ
(Build healthy public policy)
3.āđāļŠāļĢāļīāļĄāļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāđāļēāđāļāļīāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļāļāļļāļĄāļāļāļāļĩāđāđāļāđāļĄāđāļāđāļ
(Strengthen community action)
2.āļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāļŠāļĢāļĢāļāđāļŠāļīāđāļāđāļ§āļāļĨāđāļāļĄāļāđāļĩāđāļāđāļ·āļāļāđāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ
(Create supportive environment)
4.āļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļąāļāļĐāļ°āļŠāđāļ§āļāļāļļāļāļāļĨ
(Develop personal skills)
5.āļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļąāļāđāļāļĨāļĩāđāļĒāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļĢāļīāļāļēāļĢāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ
(Reorient health services)
69. Principles of Health Promotion
à Three Basic Prerequisites of Health Promotion:
â āļāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļāļŠāļāļļāļāļāļĩāđāđāļāļ°
(Advocacy)
⥠āļāļēāļĢāđāļŠāļĢāļīāļĄāļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāļāļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ
(Enabling)
âĒ āļāļēāļĢāđāļāđāļāļŠāļ·āđāļāļāļĨāļēāļ
(Mediation)
Source: āļŠāļīāļāļĻāļąāļāļāļīāđāļāļāļĄāđ āļāļļāđāļāļāļĢāļĄāļĄāļĩ (2556) āđāļāļĨāļāļēāļ First International Conference on Health Promotion, Ottawa, 21 November 1986
70. Principles of Health Promotion
à Five Principles Underlying Health Promotion:
1) āļāļēāļĢāđāļŠāļĢāļīāļĄāļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāļāļģāļāļēāļ (Empowerment)
2) āļāļēāļĢāļĄāļĩāļŠāđāļ§āļāļĢāđāļ§āļĄāļāļāļāļŠāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļ° (Public involvement)
3) āļāļ§āļēāļĄāļĢāđāļ§āļĄāļĄāļ·āļāļĢāļ°āļŦāļ§āđāļēāļāļ āļēāļāļĩ (Intersectoral co-operation)
4) āļāļēāļĢāļĨāļāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļĄāđāđāļāđāļēāđāļāļĩāļĒāļĄāđāļĨāļ°āļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļĄāđāđāļāđāļāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāđāļāļāđāļēāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ
(Reducing the inequality in health)
5) āļāļēāļĢāđāļŦāđāļāļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāļģāļāļąāļāļāļąāļāļāļąāļāļāļąāļĒāļāļēāļāļŠāļąāļāļāļĄāđāļĨāļ°āļŠāļīāđāļāđāļ§āļāļĨāđāļāļĄ
(Concern social & Environment factors)
71. Principles of Health Promotion
à Summary: Principles of Health Promotion:
â āļāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļāļŠāļāļļāļāļāļĩāđāđāļāļ° (Advocacy)
1) āļāļēāļĢāļĨāļāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļĄāđāđāļāđāļēāđāļāļĩāļĒāļĄāđāļĨāļ°āļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļĄāđāđāļāđāļāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāđāļāļāđāļēāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ
(Reducing the inequality in health)
âĄāļāļēāļĢāđāļŠāļĢāļīāļĄāļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāļāļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ (Enabling)
2) āļāļēāļĢāđāļŠāļĢāļīāļĄāļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāļāļĨāļąāļāļāļģāļāļēāļāļāļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļēāļāļ (Empowerment)
3) āļāļēāļĢāđāļŦāđāļāļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāļģāļāļąāļāļāļąāļāļāļąāļāļāļąāļĒāļāļēāļāļŠāļąāļāļāļĄāđāļĨāļ°āļŠāļīāđāļāđāļ§āļāļĨāđāļāļĄ (Concern
social & environment factors)
âĒāļāļēāļĢāđāļāđāļāļŠāļ·āđāļāļāļĨāļēāļ (Mediation)
4) āļāļēāļĢāļĄāļĩāļŠāđāļ§āļāļĢāđāļ§āļĄāļāļāļāļŠāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļ° (Public involvement)
5) āļāļ§āļēāļĄāļĢāđāļ§āļĄāļĄāļ·āļāļĢāļ°āļŦāļ§āđāļēāļāļ āļēāļāļĩ (Intersectoral co-operation)
72. Pix Source: www.bangkokpost.com, www.kapook,com
5E: Education, Traffic Engineering, Law Enforcement,
Public Empowerment, Emergency Medical Services
75. 3 Types of Systems
Source: Adapted from Glouberman and Zimmerman (2002)
76. #1 Simple Systems
Source: W.K. Kellogg Foundation (2004)
âĒ An example of simple âlogicâ model:
âāļāļĨāļāļēāļâ âāļāļĨāļĨāļąāļāļāđâ âāļāļĨāļāļĢāļ°āļāļâ
77. #2 Complicated Systems
Pix Source: www.edrawsoft.com/example-service-workflow.php
âĒ An example of complicated âengineeringâ model:
78. #3 Complex Systems
Source: www.nature.com/nrclinonc/journal/v11/n3/fig_tab/nrclinonc.2014.6_F1.html
âĒ A complex interactions between molecular networks within cells:
79. Systems Analysis & Systems Thinking
Source: Scheerens and Bosker 1997 âIPOâ
āļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļŦāļāđāļēāļāļĩāđāļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ (functions of health systems)
āđāļāļĢāļāļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāļāļāļ
āļĢāļ°āļāļāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ
(structure of
health systems)
(= How)
(= What)
āđāļāđāļēāļŦāļĄāļēāļĒ
āļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļ
āļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ
(goals of
health
systems)
=âāđāļāļĢāļ°āļāļâ
=âāļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļâ
=âāđāļāļāļāđāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāđāļāļāđāļ-āļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļâ
82. Characteristics of Complex Systems
Source: Adapted from Glouberman and Zimmerman (2002)
âĒ āļāļāļāđāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļ āļēāļĒāđāļāļĢāļ°āļāļ âāđāļāļ·āđāļāļĄāđāļĒāļāļāļąāļāļāļĒāđāļēāļāđāļāļĨāđāļāļīāļâ (tightly linked)
âĒ âāļāļļāļāļŠāļĄāļāļąāļāļīāļāļļāļāļāļąāļāđāļāļīāļâ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļâāļāļļāļāļŠāļĄāļāļąāļāļīāļāļļāļāļąāļāļīāđāļŦāļĄāđâ (emerging property)
āļāļĩāđāđāļāļīāļāļāļķāđāļāđāļŦāļĄāđāļāļēāļāļāļāļīāļŠāļąāļĄāļāļąāļāļāđāļĢāļ°āļŦāļ§āđāļēāļāļāļāļāđāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļĒāđāļāļĒāļ āļēāļĒāđāļāļĢāļ°āļāļ
(âThe whole is not equal to the sum of its parts.â)
âĒ âāļāļēāļĢāļāļāļāļŠāļāļāļāļĒāđāļāļāļāļĨāļąāļâ (governance by feedback)
âĒ âāļāļēāļĢāļāļąāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļąāļ§āđāļāļâ (self-organizing)
âĒ âāļāļēāļĢāđāļāļĨāļĩāđāļĒāļāđāļāļĨāļāļāļĒāđāļēāļāļāđāļāđāļāļ·āđāļāļâ (constantly changing)
83. âThailandâs Health Systemsâ
Source: Scheerens and Bosker 1997 âCIPOâ
āļāļąāļ§āļāļĒāđāļēāļāđāļāđāļ āđāļ§āļĨāļē (time) āļŠāļāļēāļāļāļĩāđ (place)
86. Source: Adapted from Innes, Campion, Griffiths (2005) āđāļĨāļ° āđāļāļĄāļēāļāļĢ āļāļķāļāđāļŠāļāļĩāļĒāļĢāļāļĢāļąāļāļĒāđ (2558)
Relationship Between Complexity & Patient Care Process
87. Pix source: WHOâs framework for action. (2007)
Relationship Between Complexity & Services Improvement
âHealth Services Systemsâ
88. Pix source: Don de Savigny and Taghreed Adam (2009).
"Pay-for-performance: P4Pâ
91. âHealth Systems = Complex Systemsâ
Pix source: WHOâs framework for action. (2007)
âĒ Interconnections among âWHOâs Six Building Blocks of health systems