Proton is a Malaysian automobile manufacturer established in 1983. This document discusses the history of Proton, including its origins collaborating with Mitsubishi, and models produced over time such as the Proton Saga, Wira, and Persona. It also describes the selected Proton Arena pickup truck and identifies problems with its exterior, interior, safety, and security. Solutions proposed include magnifying the interior space to add seats, modifying the doors to be four doors, rearranging the dashboard to include airbags, and combining key functions with remote control for improved security.
Proposed your promotional mix strategies for the new country of your choice. Identify whether there is any adaptation required for your promotional strategies comparing with current domestic strategies. If no adaptation is required, provide your justification.
This document provides background information on Proton Holdings Berhad (Proton), Malaysia's national car company. It discusses Proton's history from its founding in 1983 to produce Malaysia's first national car, the Proton Saga, up to recent developments such as becoming a private entity owned by DRB-Hicom Berhad in 2012. The document also outlines key events in Proton's history such as launching new models, acquiring Lotus, and producing its one millionth car.
Hero Honda was a joint venture between Hero Group of India and Honda Motor Company of Japan formed in 1984. It became the largest motorcycle manufacturer in the world. Some key details:
- It introduced fuel efficient and low emission motorcycles in the 1980s, capturing the Indian market.
- By 2011, over 20 million Hero Honda motorcycles were on Indian roads, with Splendor as the best-selling model.
- The joint venture ended in 2011 and it was renamed Hero MotoCorp, but it remains the dominant player in India's motorcycle market.
1) The document is a report on Telekom Malaysia Berhad (TM) that outlines its business environment.
2) TM operates in both domestic and global business environments, providing telecommunication services across Malaysia and partnering with other countries in Southeast Asia.
3) Domestically, TM aims to expand broadband access across Malaysia, including rural areas, and provides services like Streamyx, Unifi, and WEBE. Globally, it has formed partnerships and submarine cable systems with Thailand and Cambodia to expand connectivity.
Formula One is the highest class of international auto racing for single-seat, open-cockpit, formula racing cars. It began in 1946 and the first official championship was held in 1950. It has grown to become one of the most prestigious motor racing championships and richest sports in the world. Key points include:
- Formula One cars must pass strict safety and crash tests before competing. Regulations govern car dimensions and components like engines.
- Michael Schumacher has won the most championships (7) and earned the most points (1560) of any driver in Formula One history.
- Ferrari is the most successful team, competing since 1950, with the most wins (219), championships (16), and
Proposed your promotional mix strategies for the new country of your choice. Identify whether there is any adaptation required for your promotional strategies comparing with current domestic strategies. If no adaptation is required, provide your justification.
This document provides background information on Proton Holdings Berhad (Proton), Malaysia's national car company. It discusses Proton's history from its founding in 1983 to produce Malaysia's first national car, the Proton Saga, up to recent developments such as becoming a private entity owned by DRB-Hicom Berhad in 2012. The document also outlines key events in Proton's history such as launching new models, acquiring Lotus, and producing its one millionth car.
Hero Honda was a joint venture between Hero Group of India and Honda Motor Company of Japan formed in 1984. It became the largest motorcycle manufacturer in the world. Some key details:
- It introduced fuel efficient and low emission motorcycles in the 1980s, capturing the Indian market.
- By 2011, over 20 million Hero Honda motorcycles were on Indian roads, with Splendor as the best-selling model.
- The joint venture ended in 2011 and it was renamed Hero MotoCorp, but it remains the dominant player in India's motorcycle market.
1) The document is a report on Telekom Malaysia Berhad (TM) that outlines its business environment.
2) TM operates in both domestic and global business environments, providing telecommunication services across Malaysia and partnering with other countries in Southeast Asia.
3) Domestically, TM aims to expand broadband access across Malaysia, including rural areas, and provides services like Streamyx, Unifi, and WEBE. Globally, it has formed partnerships and submarine cable systems with Thailand and Cambodia to expand connectivity.
Formula One is the highest class of international auto racing for single-seat, open-cockpit, formula racing cars. It began in 1946 and the first official championship was held in 1950. It has grown to become one of the most prestigious motor racing championships and richest sports in the world. Key points include:
- Formula One cars must pass strict safety and crash tests before competing. Regulations govern car dimensions and components like engines.
- Michael Schumacher has won the most championships (7) and earned the most points (1560) of any driver in Formula One history.
- Ferrari is the most successful team, competing since 1950, with the most wins (219), championships (16), and
Project report on mahindra & mahindra ltd. (tractors division)Paras Dhingra
This document provides an overview of Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd., an Indian automotive manufacturing company. It discusses the company's history beginning in 1945, facilities and subsidiaries globally. The company manufactures tractors, utility vehicles, passenger cars and other vehicles. It has two main divisions - automotive and farm equipment. The document outlines the company's various products, competitors like Maruti Suzuki and Hind Motors, functional departments, business development operations including marketing strategies, and financial performance over time.
Tata Ace is a small, fuel-efficient light commercial vehicle launched in India in 2005. [1] It was inspired by successful Japanese and Korean mini-trucks and is powered by a small 700cc diesel engine. [2] Tata targeted the Ace at customers seeking a 4-wheeler alternative to 3-wheelers that provides higher status, capacity to carry more load, and ability to travel on highways. [3] The Ace was positioned as India's first mini-truck that provides the stability, trust, and feeling of a bigger truck while being economical with low maintenance costs.
Lanka Tiles PLC is Sri Lanka's leading ceramic tile manufacturer. They have expanded their marketing mix in recent years. For product, they have diversified their portfolio to cater to various market segments and introduced new designs. Their pricing strategy uses a market-based approach. For place, they have increased their franchise showrooms and entered new export markets. Promotion includes advertising, personal selling, and sales promotions to increase brand awareness and sales.
Proton is Malaysia's first national car company established in 1983. It has produced popular models like the Proton Saga, Proton Wira, and Proton Exora. Proton benchmarks Toyota and owns British sports car company Lotus Cars, which it acquired in 1996. Proton has two major factories in Shah Alam and Tanjung Malim. It aims to be a successful Malaysian automaker in the global market while maintaining customer focus and producing innovative, quality cars at competitive prices.
Tesla is an American electric vehicle company that produces electric cars, battery energy storage, solar panels, and related products. It was founded in 2003 and is led by Elon Musk. Tesla began by producing its high-priced Roadster sports car in 2008 and has since expanded its lineup to include the Model S sedan, Model X SUV, and Model 3 sedan. In 2020, Tesla sold over 500,000 vehicles globally and surpassed 1 million electric vehicles produced total. The document provides details on Tesla's history, products, production facilities, and business strategy to transition from low-volume, high-price vehicles to higher-volume, more affordable electric cars.
Proton Holdings Berhad is Malaysia's main car manufacturer, operating in 26 countries and selling over 3.5 million cars in Malaysia alone between 1985-2013. It has joint ventures with international automakers like Mitsubishi, Citroen, and Honda to produce high quality vehicles. Proton's vision is to become a globally successful Malaysian automotive manufacturer through acquiring technology, strengthening Malaysia's industrial capabilities, and leading the nation's industrialization.
The document is a marketing plan for Proton Holdings Berhad (Proton), a major Malaysian automobile company. It provides background on Proton, outlines their vision, mission and objectives. It also analyzes Proton's strategies, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats through a SWOT framework and matrix. The plan evaluates Proton's financial performance and makes recommendations to improve their competitiveness.
This document provides background information on Proton Exora, a compact multi-purpose vehicle produced by Malaysian car manufacturer Proton Holdings Berhad. It identifies several problems faced by Proton, including declining market share, brand value, and quality issues. Specifically, it notes Proton's lost market share to local and foreign competitors, dropping brand ranking, controversies around protectionist policies, inefficient business model with underutilized production capacity, and long-standing quality control problems criticized by customers. To address these issues, the document recommends a new concept car called Proton Exora 2 with additional features to improve performance, increase demand, and focus on fuel efficiency, convenience, safety and being environmentally friendly.
This document provides an overview of Sime Darby Plantation (SDP), a major palm oil producer in Malaysia. It discusses SDP's vision, mission, profile, history, organizational structure, current issues, PESTEL analysis, SWOT analysis, financial ratios, production process, BCG matrix, competitive profile, and opportunities for improvement in operations, finance, and human resources management. Key points include that SDP is one of the world's largest palm oil producers, faces challenges related to deforestation and sustainability, and has opportunities to strengthen decision making, diversify into renewable energy like biodiesel, and better attract and retain Malaysian employees.
The document discusses Ford Motor Company and its shift towards providing more services to customers. It notes that Ford acts as a service-oriented company by offering extended warranties, replacement parts, and financing options. While Ford is good at designing cars, the document argues it should also focus on services like maintenance and repairs to address high customer expectations and gain a competitive advantage over other manufacturers.
This document contains information about Perodua, Malaysia's largest car manufacturer. It discusses Perodua's background, joint venture establishment, mission and vision, management, strengths as the dominant automotive company in Asia, and weaknesses around safety and international brand image. It also outlines problems around saturated domestic markets, new competitors, and threats from substitutes, supplier power, buyer power, and economic recession. Suggested solutions include quick facelifts, targeting replacement buyers, and introducing new sedan models.
Leadership and Management of Change - PETRONAS MalaysiaFarah Lee -
This document provides an overview of leadership practices at PETRONAS, the Malaysian national oil and gas company. It discusses PETRONAS' organizational culture and values, examples of exemplary leadership from past presidents, leadership development programs, and management of change. PETRONAS places emphasis on loyalty, cohesiveness, professionalism, and integrity. It cultivates spiritual leadership and a people-oriented culture. Exemplary former presidents include Tan Sri Hassan Marican, who transformed PETRONAS into a global player, and Tan Sri Shamsul Azhar Abbas, who defended the company's autonomy. PETRONAS invests heavily in leadership development and succession planning to ensure a pipeline of talent. It uses a 70:20:
The document is a report submitted by Ahmad Syafiq Asyraf Bin Ahmad Sabri detailing his industrial training experience at Perodua Engine Manufacturing Sdn Bhd from July 14th to September 5th 2014. It provides an overview of the company and its casting shop division where the training took place. The report describes Perodua's vision, operations, organizational structure and the products produced in the casting shop. It also outlines the objectives, tasks and learning outcomes of the industrial training program.
Presentation was done for Integrated Marketing Communications class on implementing IMC tools for Breeze Liquid Power Clean detergent in the Malaysian market
Management 315: International Management, Professor In Hyeock Lee
Loyola University Chicago Spring 2013
This case study analyzes Honda's overall performance as a multinational enterprise using the company's revenue data, 4 distances, firm specific advantages, country specific advantages, foreign direct investment, and much more.
Proton is Malaysia's national car company established in 1983. It was initially successful through its partnership with Mitsubishi, producing affordable cars like the Saga, but faced quality issues after Mitsubishi withdrew in 2004. Proton struggled to find new partners and expand internationally on its own. While it remains dominant in Malaysia, its market share has declined as competition from other brands like Perodua has increased. To grow, experts recommend Proton focus on improving quality, reducing costs, and expanding exports to other Southeast Asian countries under the Asean Free Trade Agreement. However, fully achieving this strategy may require developing more independent technology capabilities.
Daing Syaza Fadhilah Binti Daing Mansor has applied for a practical training position at the Malayan Banking Bhd (Maybank) – Kuala Pilah Branch. She is a final year student studying Business Administration at IKIP International College, and is seeking a 4-month practical training placement from February to May. She believes that with her qualifications, abilities, and experience in co-curricular activities, she would be an asset to the company during her internship.
The document describes Edward de Bono's Six Thinking Hats technique for decision making. It involves analyzing decisions from six perspectives represented by colored hats: white for facts, red for feelings, black for caution, yellow for benefits, green for creativity, and blue for process control. The technique aims to get a more well-rounded view of problems by considering different thinking styles. An example is provided of a company using the hats to discuss building a new office building. Some limitations are that participants may passively agree without reconsidering views or feel overwhelmed by generated data. Overall, the technique allows multiple perspectives and focuses thinking to improve decision making.
This document defines and compares high culture and popular culture. High culture refers to cultural aspects that are most valued by the elite members of society, such as intellectuals. Popular culture refers to cultural practices embraced by the majority classes. Examples of high culture include opera, yachting, and fine novels. Popular culture examples include movies, billboard music charts, and top novels. The document then discusses examples of high culture and popular culture in Malaysia and the United States. High culture in Malaysia includes western restaurants, luxury goods, and high social status careers, while popular culture consists of local hawker foods, affordable transportation, and widespread sports.
Project report on mahindra & mahindra ltd. (tractors division)Paras Dhingra
This document provides an overview of Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd., an Indian automotive manufacturing company. It discusses the company's history beginning in 1945, facilities and subsidiaries globally. The company manufactures tractors, utility vehicles, passenger cars and other vehicles. It has two main divisions - automotive and farm equipment. The document outlines the company's various products, competitors like Maruti Suzuki and Hind Motors, functional departments, business development operations including marketing strategies, and financial performance over time.
Tata Ace is a small, fuel-efficient light commercial vehicle launched in India in 2005. [1] It was inspired by successful Japanese and Korean mini-trucks and is powered by a small 700cc diesel engine. [2] Tata targeted the Ace at customers seeking a 4-wheeler alternative to 3-wheelers that provides higher status, capacity to carry more load, and ability to travel on highways. [3] The Ace was positioned as India's first mini-truck that provides the stability, trust, and feeling of a bigger truck while being economical with low maintenance costs.
Lanka Tiles PLC is Sri Lanka's leading ceramic tile manufacturer. They have expanded their marketing mix in recent years. For product, they have diversified their portfolio to cater to various market segments and introduced new designs. Their pricing strategy uses a market-based approach. For place, they have increased their franchise showrooms and entered new export markets. Promotion includes advertising, personal selling, and sales promotions to increase brand awareness and sales.
Proton is Malaysia's first national car company established in 1983. It has produced popular models like the Proton Saga, Proton Wira, and Proton Exora. Proton benchmarks Toyota and owns British sports car company Lotus Cars, which it acquired in 1996. Proton has two major factories in Shah Alam and Tanjung Malim. It aims to be a successful Malaysian automaker in the global market while maintaining customer focus and producing innovative, quality cars at competitive prices.
Tesla is an American electric vehicle company that produces electric cars, battery energy storage, solar panels, and related products. It was founded in 2003 and is led by Elon Musk. Tesla began by producing its high-priced Roadster sports car in 2008 and has since expanded its lineup to include the Model S sedan, Model X SUV, and Model 3 sedan. In 2020, Tesla sold over 500,000 vehicles globally and surpassed 1 million electric vehicles produced total. The document provides details on Tesla's history, products, production facilities, and business strategy to transition from low-volume, high-price vehicles to higher-volume, more affordable electric cars.
Proton Holdings Berhad is Malaysia's main car manufacturer, operating in 26 countries and selling over 3.5 million cars in Malaysia alone between 1985-2013. It has joint ventures with international automakers like Mitsubishi, Citroen, and Honda to produce high quality vehicles. Proton's vision is to become a globally successful Malaysian automotive manufacturer through acquiring technology, strengthening Malaysia's industrial capabilities, and leading the nation's industrialization.
The document is a marketing plan for Proton Holdings Berhad (Proton), a major Malaysian automobile company. It provides background on Proton, outlines their vision, mission and objectives. It also analyzes Proton's strategies, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats through a SWOT framework and matrix. The plan evaluates Proton's financial performance and makes recommendations to improve their competitiveness.
This document provides background information on Proton Exora, a compact multi-purpose vehicle produced by Malaysian car manufacturer Proton Holdings Berhad. It identifies several problems faced by Proton, including declining market share, brand value, and quality issues. Specifically, it notes Proton's lost market share to local and foreign competitors, dropping brand ranking, controversies around protectionist policies, inefficient business model with underutilized production capacity, and long-standing quality control problems criticized by customers. To address these issues, the document recommends a new concept car called Proton Exora 2 with additional features to improve performance, increase demand, and focus on fuel efficiency, convenience, safety and being environmentally friendly.
This document provides an overview of Sime Darby Plantation (SDP), a major palm oil producer in Malaysia. It discusses SDP's vision, mission, profile, history, organizational structure, current issues, PESTEL analysis, SWOT analysis, financial ratios, production process, BCG matrix, competitive profile, and opportunities for improvement in operations, finance, and human resources management. Key points include that SDP is one of the world's largest palm oil producers, faces challenges related to deforestation and sustainability, and has opportunities to strengthen decision making, diversify into renewable energy like biodiesel, and better attract and retain Malaysian employees.
The document discusses Ford Motor Company and its shift towards providing more services to customers. It notes that Ford acts as a service-oriented company by offering extended warranties, replacement parts, and financing options. While Ford is good at designing cars, the document argues it should also focus on services like maintenance and repairs to address high customer expectations and gain a competitive advantage over other manufacturers.
This document contains information about Perodua, Malaysia's largest car manufacturer. It discusses Perodua's background, joint venture establishment, mission and vision, management, strengths as the dominant automotive company in Asia, and weaknesses around safety and international brand image. It also outlines problems around saturated domestic markets, new competitors, and threats from substitutes, supplier power, buyer power, and economic recession. Suggested solutions include quick facelifts, targeting replacement buyers, and introducing new sedan models.
Leadership and Management of Change - PETRONAS MalaysiaFarah Lee -
This document provides an overview of leadership practices at PETRONAS, the Malaysian national oil and gas company. It discusses PETRONAS' organizational culture and values, examples of exemplary leadership from past presidents, leadership development programs, and management of change. PETRONAS places emphasis on loyalty, cohesiveness, professionalism, and integrity. It cultivates spiritual leadership and a people-oriented culture. Exemplary former presidents include Tan Sri Hassan Marican, who transformed PETRONAS into a global player, and Tan Sri Shamsul Azhar Abbas, who defended the company's autonomy. PETRONAS invests heavily in leadership development and succession planning to ensure a pipeline of talent. It uses a 70:20:
The document is a report submitted by Ahmad Syafiq Asyraf Bin Ahmad Sabri detailing his industrial training experience at Perodua Engine Manufacturing Sdn Bhd from July 14th to September 5th 2014. It provides an overview of the company and its casting shop division where the training took place. The report describes Perodua's vision, operations, organizational structure and the products produced in the casting shop. It also outlines the objectives, tasks and learning outcomes of the industrial training program.
Presentation was done for Integrated Marketing Communications class on implementing IMC tools for Breeze Liquid Power Clean detergent in the Malaysian market
Management 315: International Management, Professor In Hyeock Lee
Loyola University Chicago Spring 2013
This case study analyzes Honda's overall performance as a multinational enterprise using the company's revenue data, 4 distances, firm specific advantages, country specific advantages, foreign direct investment, and much more.
Proton is Malaysia's national car company established in 1983. It was initially successful through its partnership with Mitsubishi, producing affordable cars like the Saga, but faced quality issues after Mitsubishi withdrew in 2004. Proton struggled to find new partners and expand internationally on its own. While it remains dominant in Malaysia, its market share has declined as competition from other brands like Perodua has increased. To grow, experts recommend Proton focus on improving quality, reducing costs, and expanding exports to other Southeast Asian countries under the Asean Free Trade Agreement. However, fully achieving this strategy may require developing more independent technology capabilities.
Daing Syaza Fadhilah Binti Daing Mansor has applied for a practical training position at the Malayan Banking Bhd (Maybank) – Kuala Pilah Branch. She is a final year student studying Business Administration at IKIP International College, and is seeking a 4-month practical training placement from February to May. She believes that with her qualifications, abilities, and experience in co-curricular activities, she would be an asset to the company during her internship.
The document describes Edward de Bono's Six Thinking Hats technique for decision making. It involves analyzing decisions from six perspectives represented by colored hats: white for facts, red for feelings, black for caution, yellow for benefits, green for creativity, and blue for process control. The technique aims to get a more well-rounded view of problems by considering different thinking styles. An example is provided of a company using the hats to discuss building a new office building. Some limitations are that participants may passively agree without reconsidering views or feel overwhelmed by generated data. Overall, the technique allows multiple perspectives and focuses thinking to improve decision making.
This document defines and compares high culture and popular culture. High culture refers to cultural aspects that are most valued by the elite members of society, such as intellectuals. Popular culture refers to cultural practices embraced by the majority classes. Examples of high culture include opera, yachting, and fine novels. Popular culture examples include movies, billboard music charts, and top novels. The document then discusses examples of high culture and popular culture in Malaysia and the United States. High culture in Malaysia includes western restaurants, luxury goods, and high social status careers, while popular culture consists of local hawker foods, affordable transportation, and widespread sports.
Introduces a process to identify key factors contributing to localization, frame a way to track localization as it unfolds, and respond to localization trends with appropriate integrated solutions
ASEAN is now poised as the hotspot for global automotive manufacturing, with much credit given to Indonesia. The increasing number of Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) has played a pivotal role in driving the demand in the automotive industry. With that in mind, the South East Asia Automotive Summit 2014 gathered key industry stakeholders, such as global car OEMs, government bodies, associations, as well as manufacturing solutions providers and consultants, to discuss the market outlook and potential business opportunities present in the automotive industry in Indonesia
Malaysia has the biggest car market in Southeast Asia, accounting for one third of total car sales in the region. The two largest players in the Malaysian market are Proton and Perodua, which together hold a 76% market share, with Proton leading at 44% and Perodua at 32%. Along with two other national brands, the top four manufacturers account for 80% of car sales in Malaysia. Car sales grew by nearly 10% from 2001 to 2002 as the economy gained confidence.
Design and fabrication of suitcase car (Project Report)Konal Singh
The document describes a suitcase car, which is a mini car that can carry up to 80kg and fit inside a suitcase. It has a unloaded weight of up to 30kg and can be lifted and transported by one person when packed into a suitcase. The suitcase car uses a two-stroke engine but the document proposes using an electric motor and battery instead to reduce pollution and noise. The suitcase car can be assembled or disassembled in under four minutes and can carry a single person with a top speed of 30km/hr and a range of 70km on a full battery charge.
Experience Mazda Zoom Zoom Lifestyle and Culture by Visiting and joining the Official Mazda Community at http://www.MazdaCommunity.org for additional insight into the Zoom Zoom Lifestyle and special offers for Mazda Community Members. If you live in Arizona, check out CardinaleWay Mazda's eCommerce website at http://www.Cardinale-Way-Mazda.com
21% of Indian Consumers demand CSR Activities in support of Health and Diseases over Poverty. To know more, check over CSR and Cause Market Study of India 2015.
Proton is Malaysia's national automobile manufacturer established in 1983. It began producing the Proton Saga in 1985 based on Mitsubishi technology. Proton held over 60% of Malaysia's car market by 2002 but saw its share decline to 30% by 2005 due to increased competition. Proton exports cars to several countries but faces challenges meeting various markets' safety and emissions standards.
The document provides information for starting a bakery business called "Sweet Warehouse". Key points include:
- Bakeries have operational advantages like lower staffing needs and higher customer turnover. They also benefit from bulk purchasing discounts.
- Sanitation and food safety practices are especially important for bakeries. The owner must stay up to date on regulations.
- The bakery will be located in the city center for high foot traffic. It will offer coffee, pastries, cakes, doughnuts, and muffins with a cozy atmosphere.
- Startup costs include equipment, rent, supplies, salaries, and permits. Revenue will come from sales of baked goods and coffee. Profit is expected
project on construction of house report.Hagi Sahib
The document provides details of a project to construct a house including the project charter, scope, schedule, and resources. The project has defined activities to construct the house over a 1 year period within a budget of Rs. 14,365,047. Key stakeholders include the customer Mr. Ali Hamza and supplier vendors. The project manager developed a work breakdown structure and activity list to plan and track the house construction.
Proton is Malaysia's national automobile manufacturer established in 1983. It began producing the Proton Saga in 1985 using technology and parts from Mitsubishi Motors. Proton has since introduced several new models and acquired Lotus technologies, expanding its engineering capabilities. However, Proton's market share in Malaysia declined from over 60% in 2002 to barely 30% in 2005 due to increased competition. While exports have increased in recent years, Proton faces challenges meeting international safety and emissions standards to expand into new markets like the United States.
Tata Motors is an Indian automotive manufacturing company and the world's 18th largest motor vehicle manufacturer. It has auto manufacturing plants in India as well as the UK, South Africa, Thailand, and Argentina. Originally a manufacturer of locomotives, Tata Motors produced its first commercial vehicle in 1954 in collaboration with Daimler-Benz. In recent years, Tata Motors launched the Tata Nano, the world's cheapest car, and acquired British luxury carmaker Jaguar Land Rover, expanding its international presence. Tata Motors remains India's largest automobile company.
Tata Motors Limited is India's largest automobile company with revenues of $6 billion in 2005-06. The report analyzes the profitability of Tata Motors over 5 years from 2013-2017. The objectives are to study profit in relation to sales and profitability in relation to investment. Secondary data is collected from annual reports. A hypothesis is made that there is a significant relationship between gross profit and net sales, which is supported by regression and ANOVA analysis showing a strong correlation between the two variables.
The document summarizes information about the Toyota Land Cruiser Prado, including its history, features, price, sales and distribution channels in Sri Lanka. Key details include the Prado's 4 cylinder turbo diesel engine with 127kW power and 410Nm torque, thoughtful features like rain sensing wipers and tonneau cover, and a price in Sri Lanka of LKR 16,046,000 with discounts available for cash or credit purchases. Toyota's dealer in Sri Lanka, Toyota Lanka, distributes new Toyotas and parts nationwide.
The documentary proposal summarizes Perodua, the second largest automobile manufacturer in Malaysia. It discusses Perodua's history and establishment in 1992. Over three sentences, it outlines Perodua's location in Selangor, production of minicars and superminis, and export of cars to various countries. The documentary would consist of 10 scenes showing each car model launched by Perodua over the years from 1993 to 2014, with 3D renderings and commentary by a Perodua manager. The goal is to help audiences understand Perodua's development and role in Malaysia's automotive industry.
This document is a certificate from Tata Motors in Jamshedpur certifying that Saurabh Kumar Pal from Jadavpur University successfully completed a training and project work on the "Productionisation of Signa" from June 4th to July 2nd 2016 under the guidance of Subir Ganguly. It states that Saurabh worked hard and behaved well during his training. The document also includes an acknowledgement and details about Tata Motors, its facilities, mass production methods, and vehicles produced.
Automotive Intelligence for Professionals: The Malaysia AutoBook includes company profiles of OEM car makers, multinational and local automotive parts suppliers as well as organizations, media and exhibitions.
It also includes detailed statistics about Automotive sales, market share and OEM capacities.
The Malaysia AutoBook helps you to identify new customers in the Automotive industry and provides key contact information.
Toyota Kirloskar Auto Parts (TKAP) is a joint venture between Toyota and Kirloskar established in 2002. TKAP manufactures transmission and engines in India and supplies them to Toyota plants globally. In August 2013, TKAP began exporting manual transmissions from its Bidadi, India plant to Toyota vehicles produced in 9 countries. This makes TKAP the first tier 1 automotive supplier in India, marking a significant step for the development of the Indian automotive industry. TKAP aims to be a leading auto component manufacturer in Asia through achieving global quality at competitive costs while utilizing the Indian supply base.
This document is a project report submitted by Huma Nazneen to her professor Dr. Amrita Sahu for her M.Com degree. The report is on the quantitative analysis of Tata Motors and includes details about the company such as its founding, brands, products, financial performance and SWOT analysis. It provides an overview of Tata Motors as India's largest automobile company and discusses some of the challenges it faced during COVID-19 including a decline in revenue.
Tata Motors stocks fluctuated significantly from 2004-2009. Share prices declined sharply in 2008 due to the global recession but recovered in 2009. Key events included Tata Motors acquiring Jaguar Land Rover in 2008 and launching their affordable car, the Nano, in 2009. Tata Motors is India's largest automobile company and a global leader in commercial vehicles.
The document provides an overview of the Japanese automotive industry. It discusses how Japan has been one of the top automotive producing countries since the 1960s and was a pioneer in automotive robotics in the 1970s. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, Japan rapidly developed its automotive industry and overtook the US as the leading producer of automobiles. While China has since surpassed Japan due to rapid growth in the early 2000s, Japan remains one of the leading automotive producers globally. The document is intended to provide business development opportunities and contacts for international companies seeking to do business in Japan's automotive industry.
Tata Motors is an Indian automotive manufacturer that has expanded globally through acquisitions and joint ventures. In 2004, Tata acquired Daewoo's South Korean truck business to expand into international markets. In 2005, Tata acquired a controlling stake in Spanish bus maker Hispano, and in 2008 acquired British luxury brands Jaguar and Land Rover from Ford. Tata has also established joint ventures including Tata Daewoo in Korea, Tata Hispano in Spain, Tata Marcopolo in Brazil, and Fiat India Automobiles to gain access to new technologies and markets. Tata sells vehicles globally and manufactures in several countries, pursuing an international strategy of growth through partnerships.
Losses of Automobile Industry In PakistanAsad Ahmed
This report summarizes the impact of imported used cars on Pakistan's local automobile industry. It finds that imports of used cars have increased dramatically in recent years, with over 55,000 cars imported in the past year, up 162% from the previous year. This has put pressure on sales of locally assembled cars, though local production still increased 23% overall. Imported Toyota, Suzuki, and Honda models constitute a major share of the used car market. The report also notes that 1000cc and smaller cars make up 45% of imports and have been gaining popularity.
Tata Motors has faced several problems in recent years including deep losses, poor sales, deteriorating relations with dealers and customers, and decreasing market share. A new chairman, N Chandrasekaran, hopes to implement short and long-term turnaround plans within 6-9 months to address issues in marketing strategies, planning, and results. While the Jaguar Land Rover segment is growing, margins have suffered in Tata's passenger vehicle segment. The chairman believes focusing on organizational effectiveness, new passenger vehicle models, an advanced modular platform, electric vehicles, and hiring top talent can help put Tata Motors back on a path of growth and shareholder dividends.
Tata Motors is an Indian automotive manufacturing company that was established in 1945. It operates commercial and passenger vehicles, including the Nano, which was the world's cheapest car. Tata Motors has expanded globally through acquisitions of Jaguar, Land Rover, and Daewoo Commercial Vehicles. It is part of the large Tata Group conglomerate based in India.
The document provides an overview of the Tata Nano car. It discusses how Ratan Tata envisioned an affordable car for the masses and unveiled the Tata Nano in 2008. The Nano is one of the most affordable cars in the world, starting at $2,500. It has basic features to keep costs low and is expected to boost the Indian economy. However, Tata faced obstacles getting a factory built in West Bengal due to land disputes.
Tata Motors is India's largest automotive company that was founded in 1945 as a locomotive manufacturing company called Tata Engineering & Locomotive Company (TELCO). It is now headed by Ratan Tata and has numerous manufacturing plants in India and overseas. The document outlines Tata Motors' history, products, milestones, plants, financial performance, and concludes that Tata Motors has grown into a global leader through innovation and fair business practices under its parent company Tata Group.
The document provides an overview of the Japanese automotive industry. It discusses how Japan has been one of the top automotive producing countries since the 1960s and was a pioneer of robotics in automotive manufacturing in the 1970s. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, Japan rapidly developed its automotive industry and overtook the US as the leading producer of automobiles. Today, Japan remains one of the leading automotive producers globally. The document is intended to provide business development, outsourcing, and localization support for managers interested in Japan's automotive industry.
Similar to Full report car design creative and innovative (20)
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
The chapter Lifelines of National Economy in Class 10 Geography focuses on the various modes of transportation and communication that play a vital role in the economic development of a country. These lifelines are crucial for the movement of goods, services, and people, thereby connecting different regions and promoting economic activities.
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
1. BBP10402 CREATIVE & INNOVATION 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Proton Holdings Berhad (stylised PROTON) is a Malaysian automobile manufacturer. It is
headquartered in Shah Alam, Selangor and operates an additional manufacturing plant in
TanjungMalim,Perak.The company was established in 1983 as the sole national car company
until the advent of Perodua in 1993. Proton is a Malay acronym for Perusahaan Otomobil
Nasional Sendirian Berhad (National Automobile Company Private Limited).
Proton was largely a manufacturer of badge engineered vehicles from Mitsubishi
Motors between 1985 and the early 2000s. The company has since produced several
indigenously designed models and operates in at least 26 countries today, the majority of
whichare inAsia. Proton was formerly owned by Khazanah Nasional, the investment holding
arm of the government of Malaysia. In January 2012, it was taken over by DRB-HICOM, a
Malaysian conglomerate in a transaction amounting RM1.2 billion.
Proton,predominantlyreliantonitsdomesticmarketiscurrentlyundergoingstructural
and internal changes, as evident in the appointment of a new owner, partner, Chairman and
the launchof variousnewandupcomingmodelsin an effort to gain an international presence
and increase profitability.
1.1. History
ProtonactuallycomesfromPerusahaanOtomobil Nasional whichroughlytranslates to
National Automobile Enterprise in Malaysian. That's right Proton is a Malaysian car
manufacturer which first started out in 1983, following the wishes of former Prime
Minister Tun Dr.Mahathir Bin Mohamad.
At first,partsand technologycame fromMitsubishi butlateron,as experience
accumulated,Protonbecame independentevenif most of the cars were still based on
Mitsubishi models.Theirfirstmodel whichwaslaunchedin1985 was called the Proton
Saga. Soon after the first Sagas were rolling on Malaysian streets, exports started to
Bangladesh (1986) and by 1987 Proton had already made 50,000 units.
2. BBP10402 CREATIVE & INNOVATION 2
Table 1.1: Model of proton development
Year Model of Car Description
1985
Proton Saga
Proton approached Mitsubishi
Motors between 1983 and 1984
and brokered a joint venture
betweenbothcompaniesforthe
productionof the firstMalaysian
car.
The result of the collaboration
was the Proton Saga, which
launched on 9 July 1985.
1992
ProtonSaga Iswara
On 15 August 1992, the Proton
Saga Iswara was launched. It
shares the older Mitsubishi
platform used in the original
ProtonSaga, butits exteriorand
interior styling are unique to
Proton.
3. BBP10402 CREATIVE & INNOVATION 3
1993
ProtonWira
21 May 1993 witnessed the
introductionof the Proton Wira,
a car whichwasbetterequipped
and larger than both the Saga
and Saga Iswara.
The Wira was the first Proton
car to be producedinboth right-
hand drive (RHD) and left-hand
drive (LHD) configurations, and
remains the only Proton car
made available with a diesel
engine.
1994
Proton Satria
Protonlaunchedthe three-door
Proton Satriahatchback and the
two-door Proton Putracoupe,
both of which are based on the
Wira platform .
1995
Proton Perdana
The Proton Perdana,a premium
D-segment saloon launched in
1995 after Proton Satria.
It is based on the seventh
generation 1992 Mitsubishi
Eterna and was initially fitted
with Mitsubishi's 4G63 2.0-litre
l4 engine,but was offered with
the superior 177bhp 6A12DOHC
4. BBP10402 CREATIVE & INNOVATION 4
2.0L V6 engine after 1999.
The Perdana remains the only
D-segment, V6-powered car to
be commercially produced by
Proton.
2000
Proton Waja
The first generation Proton
Perdana is a four-door mid-
sizesaloon manufactured by
Malaysianautomobile producer
Proton which launched on 26
January 1995.
It isa badge engineeredseventh
generation Mitsubishi Eterna,
developed as the result of a
collaboration between Proton
and Mitsubishi Motors.
2002
ProtonArena
Introducedin2002, the Arenais
the only form of pickup by
Proton, and is the only Proton
model to enjoy significantly
more popularity in its export
market than domestically.
The Arena having a reduced
seating capacity of two
confined to a Wira-based cabin
and featuring a rear cargo bed.
5. BBP10402 CREATIVE & INNOVATION 5
2004
Proton Gen-2
The Proton Gen-2 (stylized
GEN-2) is a compact 5-door
hatchback manufactured by
Proton and launched in 2004.
The Gen-2 was among the first
models to be produced at
Proton's TanjungMalimplant,
developedaspartof the Proton
City project.
2007
Proton Persona
It is based on an extended
Proton Gen-2 platform and was
intended to be a 4-door saloon
alternative to the former.
2009
Proton Exora
A compact MPV produced by
Malaysian car manufacturer
Proton
The Exora is the first Proton to
be based on the new P2
platform, and its facelift
revision which debuted on 15
December 2011 became the
first Proton to utilise the new
CamPro CFE turbocharged
engine and CVT technology.
6. BBP10402 CREATIVE & INNOVATION 6
2010
Proton Saga (2nd
generation)
The second generation Proton
Saga is a 4-door
subcompactsedan produced by
Malaysian car manufacturer
Proton which launched on 18
January 2008
2010
Proton Inspira
The Proton Inspira is a four-
door compactsaloon produced
by Proton
It issoldexclusively in Malaysia
as a rebadged ninth generation
and current Mitsubishi Lancer
as the result of a collaboration
between Mitsubishi Motorsand
Proton.
2012
Proton Preve
The Proton Prevé is a four-door
compactsaloon
It was launched on 16 April
2012 and is based on Proton's
next generation P2 platform
7. BBP10402 CREATIVE & INNOVATION 7
1.2. Background Of Proton Holding Berhad
2013
Proton Suprima S
The Proton Suprima S,
codenamed P3-22A is a five-
door compacthatchback
engineered.
It was released on 17 August
2013 and is based on Proton's
next generation P2 platform.
The Suprima S complements
the ProtonPrevésaloon andhas
been designed with larger
emphasis on international
markets.
Figure 1.1: Logo of Proton Holding Berhad
8. BBP10402 CREATIVE & INNOVATION 8
Table 1.2: Proton Holding Berhad Background
CATEGORY DESCRIPTION
Type Subsidiary
Industry Automotive
Founded 7 May 1983 (31 years ago)
Headquarters Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Area Served
Southeast Asia, China, Australia, United
Kingdom, Middle East, South Africa
Key People
Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad
(Executive chairman)
Products Automobile, automobile parts
Partnerships Mitsubishi, Citroen, Youngman, Honda
Employees Around 12,000 people
Website www.proton.com.my
9. BBP10402 CREATIVE & INNOVATION 9
1.3. INVENTOR
Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad was born in 1925 in AlorSetar, Malaysia. He was a doctor
before becoming a politician with the UMNO party, and ascended quickly from
Member of Parliament to prime minister. During his 22 years in office, he grew the
economy and was an activist for developing nations, but also imposed harsh
restrictions on civil liberties. He resigned office in 2003.
Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad was born on December 20, 1925, in AlorSetar, in
the state of Kedah in northern Malaysia. His family was modest but stable, and his
father was a respected teacher at an English language school. After finishing Islamic
grammar schools and graduating from the local college, Tun Dr Mahathir attended
medical school at the University of Malaya in Singapore. He was an army physician
before forming a private practice at the age of 32.
Figure 2.2: Tun Dr Mahathir Bin Mohamad
10. BBP10402 CREATIVE & INNOVATION 10
2.0. OBJECTIVES
The objectivesof cardesignas below:
i. To ensure the passengercomfortablewithourdesign.
ii. Gettingthe satisfactionof ourneededinthe selectedof car.
iii. To findoutthe solutionaboutdesignof selectedof car.
3.0. SCOPE
The scope of car designasbelow:
i. Focuson interiordesign.
ii. The modificationmade isfocusedonthe comfortof the passengeratthe back.
iii. Focus on safetyrequires, especiallypartof the car.
iv. To easierof useswhenopenthe frontcoversof car.
v. The modificationonthe exteriorof car.
4.0. LIMITATION
The limitationof cardesignas below:
i. Exteriorof car.
ii. Magnifyof space.
iii. Modifiedof door.
iv. Combinationof keymultiuser.
v. Substitute forsafetypurpose.
11. BBP10402 CREATIVE & INNOVATION 11
5.0. PROBLEM ELEMENT
5.1. Selectedofcar
Thisis our selectedof car,itname proton Arena.The specificationof thisprotonas
below:
5.2. SpecificationofCar
Thisis specificationof ProtonArena.Detail aboutthiscaras below:
Table 1.3: Specification of Proton Arena
Overview
Manufacture
AlsoCalled
Production
Model Years
Variant
Load
Length
Height
Width
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
Proton
ProtonJumbuck
2002
2002-2010
1.5i Glx
645 kg
4455 mm
1495 mm
1690 – 1710 mm
Figure 3.3: Proton Arena
12. BBP10402 CREATIVE & INNOVATION 12
Body and Class
Class
Bodystyle
Body design
Seat
Engine
Transmission
Roof
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
PickupTruck
2 Door coupe utility
Cabinand Cargo bed at the back
2 Seat
1.5 L
5 SpeedManual
Onlyat frontseat, No at the boot
Accessories and Safety
Airconditioner
Bodystyle
Remote Bootopener
Remote Side Mirrors
AirBag
:
:
:
:
:
Yes
2 Door coupe utility
No
Electric
No
5.3. Problem
As a car designengineerwe found some of problem on this Proton Arena so we try to
remove outthe problemthatwe can solve it.The problemthat we found on this car as
below:
i. Exterior problem of car
ii. Interior problem of car
iii. Safety Problem of car
iv. Security problem of car
13. BBP10402 CREATIVE & INNOVATION 13
5.3.1. Exterior ofCar
This car has two doors. The car body is durability. In addition, it can
accommodate the load.Thiscar alsohas a car bootopen and don’t have a roof
on the back.
Figure 1.4: RightSide Viewof ProtonArena. Onlyhave twodoors.
Figure 1.5: Back Side Viewof ProtonArena.Have openbootcar
14. BBP10402 CREATIVE & INNOVATION 14
5.3.2. Interior ofCar
This car has two seats. Therefore, this car cannot carry more than two
passengers. The carhave electricremote slide mirror.The interiordesignof car
was small.
Figure 1.6: Two seat in the Proton Arena
5.3.3. Safety
Safetyof ProtonArenalackson the safetyfeaturessuchasair bags. The car
was doesn’thave airbags.Thiswill be occurring dangerouslytothe driverand
passengerwhenanaccident.Dashboardinfrontof the car was empty.Don’t
have any air bags.
Figure 1.7:Dashboard of Proton Arena
15. BBP10402 CREATIVE & INNOVATION 15
5.3.4. Security
The way to open this car was manually. The problem occurs when an open
manually, the car highly risky for being stole because there is no security. For
example security alarm. When the car has been locked using the remote
control when someone wants to commit theft it will cause the alarm sound.
Figure 1.8: Key of Proton Arena
6.0. SOLUTIONS
6.1. Magnify
The interiordesignof car wassmall.Ithas onlytwoseats. It justmakesfor two persons
to use it. The space at the back of car is more spaces than the front of car. The back of
car isusedfor pickup andplacesthe things. The interiordesignof thiscaris verysmall.
It has twoseatsand can accommodate onlytwopersons.Space behindthe car is larger
than the space in front of car. Therefore, interior design of this car will be magnified.
Whenthe internal space has been magnifying, it can add a seat at the side rear of the
car. However, when magnifying the space and add to the passenger seat, the space at
the boot space can still have a space to place a goods and load.
(Refer Appendix 1 and 2).
16. BBP10402 CREATIVE & INNOVATION 16
6.2. Modify
The design of car door will be modified from two doors become four doors. This is to
make it easierandprovide comforttothe passengersatthe back. For example, in case
emergency, the rear door can be open to ease passengers to entry and exit from the
car. However,the originalityof designdoorof ProtonArenaisstill maintainedin that if
the door isclosed.The car will look like a two door because the rear door designed to
look hidden. The rear door can be only opened if the front doors open. Besides that,
thiscar has an openbootat the back. It willscausedgoodsplacedonthe backboot will
be damagedwhenitis raining. Therefore, byputtingthe roof onthe back of the car but
will be able to solve the problem. Example the goods are in safe and good condition.
(Refer Appendix 1).
6.3.Rearrange
The driverand passengersafetyisveryimportant.Conditioninfrontof thiscar has no
air bag.Conditionsdashboardwasemptyandhasno security.Itwill make passengers
and the driverwasin dangerouslywhenanaccidentoccurs. To make it safety,usesof
airbagshouldbe placedinfrontof the dashboardand conditionswill be rearranged in
orderto have the airbag equipment. (ReferAppendix 1).
6.4.Combine
As well known,toopenthe cardoors are not usingthe remote control.Opening a door
ismanually.Thiscan complicate the situation because the car cannot be opened from
the situation further. It should be opened by being in close conditions. In addition,
whenusinga keyto lockmanually,thiswillcause the car didnothave a safe and happy
to be stolen because no alarm sounds. Therefore to improve the security of cars, the
key must be adding some remote control at the key of the car to make it useful with
new product. (Refer Appendix 2)
17. BBP10402 CREATIVE & INNOVATION 17
7.0. DISCUSSION
Here we will discussaboutthe advantage anddisadvantage fromourdesign.As we know if we
are created some of product it will have pro and contra.
7.1. Advantage
The advantages that we can list from our car design as below:
i. The numberof personentryintothe car will be increase.This is because, when
magnifiedthe interiorspace of car, it can add seats at the rear of car. With the
additionof seatat the rear side,itwill carryand increase the numberof person
when use it.
ii. The car will be more safetytouse it whenplacedthe airbags.
iii. The car will be more secure with the improvement in the security of car.
Example, key adding some remote control at the key of the car to make it
useful.
iv. To easier and provide comfort to the passengers at the back. When have four
doors.
v. By puttingthe roof on the boot at back of the car, it will avoid and protect the
goods placed from damaged.
7.2. Disadvantage
The disadvantages that we can list from our car design as below:
i. The rear door of car will not open if the front doors of car close.
ii. Magnified of interior space in the car make the space at the boot becomes
little bit smaller than the space before it.
7.3. RECOMMENDATION
The recommendationsthatwe canlistfromour car design are modified the car design
will make the car easier to use and provide comfortable to the vehicle owner and the
passengers. Besides that, when magnified the interior space of car, it will make
increase the numberof personthatentryintothe car. Furthermore,byplacingthe roof
on the openbootat the back of car will make the car looksafelytoplace the goods. An
example,whenhave roof onthe bootof car, the goods are in safe and good condition.
18. BBP10402 CREATIVE & INNOVATION 18
In addition,the carbecome more safety when place the air bags. Then, the car will be
more secure withthe improvementinthe securityof car byusingthe remote control at
the key.
8.0. CONCLUSION
Vehicle technology can improve the transport system in many ways, but specifically in the
context of this paper, it has the potential to reduce the number of accidents on the roads.
There are a vast number of new technologies available on new vehicles or top of the range
vehicles that will become more common in future, there are also many more technologies
beingresearched.Allof whichare designedtoalert,assist,ortake control from, the driver,and
all respondtodifferentdangersatdifferentintervalsbefore an accident occurs. It is important
that the most beneficial of these technologies are identified at an early stage and emphasis is
put on introducing them as early as possible. This emphasis must consist of; ensuring that
resources are dedicated towards developing the technology and validating its safety effects,
promoting the safety benefits of the technology to the public in the wider context of road
safety, and ensuring early take up of the technology where possible.