The document summarizes key issues, opportunities, and challenges in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). It notes that ARMM has the highest poverty rate in the Philippines and has experienced decades of conflict and displacement. Infrastructure like health facilities, schools, police and fire stations are inadequate in many conflict-prone areas of Maguindanao province. Reforms have been implemented in ARMM but devolution of national programs and oversight of local governments remains incomplete. The passage of a new Bangsamoro Basic Law is seen as an opportunity to address structural issues limiting development in ARMM.

1. www.armm.gov.ph
From ARMM to the Bangsamoro:
ISSUES, OPPORTUNITIES AND PERILS
Atty. Laisa Masuhud Alamia
Executive Secretary, ARMM

2. Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
• 48.7% poverty incidence
• 30 municipalities prone to
armed conflict
• 36 municipalities prone to
hazard
• 5 provinces
• 2 cities
• 116 municipalities
• 2,490 barangays
Source:
ARMM HEART, Office on Civil Defense, GRM International (Survey Mapping the Conflict in
Mindanao), DENR-MGB, PhiVolcS

3. A. Overall Situation (ARMM)
• ARMM is the poorest region in the country at 48.7 poverty
incidence rate as of 2012. Lanao del Sur is the poorest province in the
country at 67.3 percent, and Maguindanao at 54.5 percent.
• GRDP has grown to 3.6 percent as of 2013, from negative 0.3%
GRDP in 2011. This has been attributed to improved delivery of
services and a more favorable investment climate due to the ongoing
reform agenda and the peace process.
• However, the development challenges in the area remain. This is
exacerbated by intergenerational cycles of conflict, insecurity, and
displacement in the region since 1970’s.

4. Waves of displacement in the recent past include:
• At least 982,000 persons displaced during the 2000 “all-out-
war”;
• Renewed AFP operations in the Buliok Complex in 2003
resulted in a net displacement figure of about 400,000 IDPs;
• During the aftermath of the aborted Memorandum of
Agreement on Ancestral Domain (MOA-AD) in 2008, the
NDCC reported an estimated 145,730 families or 728,659
persons uprooted by the fighting;
• Controlled special operations against the MILF breakaway
group BIFF in the aftermath of the 25 January 2015
Mamasapano tragedy has caused the displacement of more
than 125,000 people in the second district of Maguindanao.

5. Violent Conflict in ARMM
(2011-2014)
Source: Bangsamoro Conflict Monitoring System, World Bank
952
1,492
1,324
855
304
766
422
981
620
87-
400
800
1,200
1,600
Basilan Lanao del Sur Maguindanao Sulu Tawi-Tawi
Conflict incidents Conflict deaths

6. Source: Bangsamoro Conflict Monitoring System, World Bank
11,305
200
32,662
666 10
Basilan Lanao del Sur Maguindanao Sulu Tawi-Tawi

7. Source: Bangsamoro Conflict Monitoring System, World Bank
1.19 0.85
27.50 26.57
0.00
7.00
14.00
21.00
28.00
Conflict incidents Conflict deaths
Conflictincidentsordeathsper100km2
non-SPMS Box within Maguindanao
SPMS Box
27
1090
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
non-SPMS Box
within
Maguindanao
SPMS Box
Displacedhouseholdsper100km2

8. B. Overall Situation (Maguindanao)
• Maguindanao suffers most in terms of disaster,
both natural and manmade. Based on the 2010
WB-WFP study on violent conflicts in Central
Mindanao, Maguindanao is the province most
affected by displacement.
• A large segment of hostilities have focused on
this area, both during the Marcos regime and in
recent years.
• Between 2000 and 2010, displacement affected
four out of every five households in the province.

9. B. Overall Situation (2nd District, Maguindanao)
• Owing to the long-running Bangsamoro struggle, Maguindanao is
home to various revolutionary armed groups such as the MNLF and
the MILF. Also included are the BIFF and suspected private armed
groups of influential clans in the province.
• At the core of the 2nd district of Maguindanao is the so-called “SPMS
Box”, which has been historically designated by security forces as a
“no-man’s land”.
• Of the 24 municipalities in the second district, a total of 15
municipalities were affected by military operations from March to
May 2015, displacing 125,000 persons at its peak.

11. Poverty Incidence
FUNDING
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
48.70%
2012
POVERTY
INCIDENCE
MAGNITUDE
39.90%
2009
212,494
2009
271,355
2012
Back

12. Trafficking-in-Persons (TIP)
TIP and GVB Cases, 2013-2015
2
1
Gender Based Violence (GBV)
2
1
3
1
2
3

13. PAPs Gap in ARMM
National
Agency PAPs
PAPs
implemented
in ARMM
No PAPs in
ARMM
23 PAPs 9 PAPs 14 PAPs
Delayed Fund
Releases/ Thru
RO IX, X, XII
Fully funded
in the GAA
No fund
Allocation

14. ARMM BUDGET
YEAR AMOUNT (M)
2004 5,124.66
2005 6,981.83
2006 6,826.25
2007 8,644.32
2008 8,178.45
2009 9,448.96
YEAR AMOUNT (M)
2010 9,285.09
2011 11,788.46
2012 11,717.71
2013 17,290.17
2014 19,615.03
2015 24,299.81
Hussin Admin, 2002-2005
Ampatuan Admin, 2005-2009
Adiong Admin, 2010-2011
Hataman Admin, 2012 to date

15. Gaps in PAPs Implementation
2015 National
Programs
DEPED (23)
National
Programs in
ARMM
DEPED (9)
Not
Implemented in
ARMM
DEPED (14)
DWSD (9) DSWD (6) DSWD (1)
DOH (20) DOH (0) DOH (15)
DA (40) DA (34) DA (16)
DAR (19) DAR (17) DAR (2)
DILG (18) DILG (13) DILG (5)
DTI (7) DTI (0) DTI (7) Back

16. Gaps in PAPs Implementation
2015 National
Programs
DENR (28)
National
Programs in
ARMM
DENR (2)
Not
Implemented in
ARMM
DENR (26)
DOLE (16) DOLE (0) DOLE (16)
DOST (4) DOST (2) DOST (2)
DOT (6) DOT (0) DOT (6)
DOTC (7) DOTC (0) DOTC (7)
TESDA (2) TESDA (2) TESDA (0)
BFAR (20) BFAR (14) BFAR (1) Back

17. Gaps in Health Facility
HFEP
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
38.0%
of
BHS
COVERAGE
62.0%
of
BHS
GAP

18. Lack of BHS (88/200 barangays or 44%)
Gap in Health Facilities (as of 2015)
2/16
6/14
6/10 7/13
2/17
10/11
4/11
Hospitals
1 Rural Health Units per municipality
6/8
3/11
5/15
3/9
4/7
21/34
5/16
4/10

19. Access to Safe Drinking Water and
Sanitary Toilets
Source: FHSIS, IPHO-Maguindanao
-
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
32.30
- -
64.41
34.68
65.89
-
64.61
40.50
62.43
-
40.96
- - -
16.1
0 0
71.9
34.8
27
-
56.3
19.6
22.6
-
12.1
- - -
Household with Access to Safe Drinking Water Household with Sanitary Toilet

20. Schools commonly used as evacuation centers
Enrolment (2nd District) S.Y. 2013-2014
Elementary: 79,085 pupils
Secondary: 16,364 students
Number of Schools
Elementary: 275
Secondary: 34
Madaris: 17

21. Dilapidated School Buildings
Dilapidated School Buldings
Rajah Buayan
1.Bakat ES
2.Sampao ES
3.Dansalan ES
Mamasapano
1.Pidsandawan ES
2.Linantangan ES
3.Libutan ES
4.Mamasapano CES
Shariff Saydona
1.Gumbay ES
2.Pamalian ES
3.Pikeg ES
Datu Piang
1.Liong PS
2.Alongan PS
3. Dado ES
4. Damabalas ES
Datu Saudi
1.Madia ES
2.Kitapok PS
Guindulungan
1.Kalumamis ES
2.Muslim ES
DAM
1.Nunangen ES

23. NAT Mean Percentage Scores
66.93
57.83
70.37
74.22
70.3 67.99
48.88
44.68
72.16
53.67
72.94
56.62
63.11
52.10
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
NATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT TEST FOR ELEMENTARY,SY 2013-2014
Source: DepEd-ARMM

24. POLICE STATIONS IN AFFECTED AREAS
Municipal Police Stations
Mamasapano
Datu Unsay
Shariff Aguak
Rajah Buayan
Datu Hoffer
Datu Saudi Ampatuan
Guindulungan
Talayan
Talitay (Sultan Sumagka)
Datu Anggal Midtimbang
Datu Odin Sinsuat
Datu Piang
Datu Abdullah Sangki
With Structure
Without Structure

25. FIRE STATION AND FIRE TRUCKS IN AFFECTED AREAS
Municipalities With Fire
Stations
Without
Fire
Stations
With Fire
Trucks
Without
Fire
Trucks
Mamasapano  
Datu Unsay  
Shariff Aguak  
(1 Isuzu Morita
pumper and 1
penetrator)
Datu Salibo 
Rajah Buayan 
Datu Hoffer 
Datu Saudi
Ampatuan
 
(1 Isuzu NPR
mini pumper)
Guindulungan 
Talayan  
(1 Fire truck
owned by LGU)
Talitay 
Datu Anggal
Midtimbang

Datu Odin Sinsuat  
(1 Isuzu Morita
Pumper and 2
firetrucks
owned by LGU)
Datu Piang  
(1 Nissan
Pumper and 1
KIA CERES mini
pumper)
D. Abdullah Sangki  
Shariff Saydona
Mustapha

With Fire Station
Without Fire Station

26. LOCAL STRUCTURES IN THE AFFECTED MUNICIPALITIES
Municipalities
P/C/
M/
BDC
P/C/
M LUC
P/C/
MPMC
Maguindanao / / /
Mamasapano / / /
Datu Unsay / / Non-
Functional
Shariff Aguak / Non-
Functional
/
Datu Salibo / / /
Rajah Buayan Non-
Functi
onal
Non-
Functional
Non-
Functional
Datu Hoffer / Non-
Functional
/
Datu Saudi
Ampatuan
/ / /
Guindulungan / Non-
Functional
Not
Organized
Talayan / Non-
Functional
Non-
Functional
Talitay / Non-
Functional
/
Datu Anggal
Midtimbang
/ Non-
Functional
Non-
Functional
Datu Odin
Sinsuat
/ / /
Datu Piang / Non-
Functional
Non-
Functional
Datu Abdullah
Sangki
/ / /
Shariff
Saydona
Mustapha
Functional LDC
Non Functional LDC

27. OVERSIGHT COMMITTEE
• Not implemented
• Devolution of agencies and departments in
ARMM not complete
• ARMM has no program funds; these are
matters that are supposed to be discussed in
the oversight committee as part of the
devolution process

28. Devolution
• Incomplete devolution from national to
regional, regional to local government units
• Regional government does not have direct
authority over LGUs, particularly on utilization
of funds (IRA) and implementation of
programs

29. Reforms in ARMM
• Governance: Good Governance Conditions, ISO
accreditation, GSIS issue resolution, “ghost-
busting”
• Education
• Public Works/Infrastructure
• Civil Service
• Investments/Economy
• Employment/Livelihood Programs
• Land issues: Cadastral Survey
• Increased budget/program funds

30. But still….
• While corruption issues can be resolved, good
governance measures can be implemented,
and sustainable programs/projects can be
implemented with impact at the grassroots
level, there are structural defects within
ARMM that can be resolved through the
passage of the BBL.

31. THANKS!