The Times and Tales of Mindanao: Revisiting history and understanding the Mindanao conflict By: Ms. Rufa Cagoco Guiam, Director, Campus Institute for Peace and Development in Mindanao, Mindanao State University - General Santos

1. Dynamics of Diversity, Challenges of Conflict: Mindanao’s Multiple Realities and Multi-sectoral Responses Prepared by: Rufa Cagoco-Guiam Director, Campus Institute for Peace and Development in Mindanao (C-IPDM) Mindanao State University – General Santos City, Philippines Asian Public Intellectual (API) Senior Fellow, Year 8 (2008-2009)

2. Land Area : 10,199,886 hectares Political Subdivisions: 27 cities 25 provinces 6 regions 404 municipalities 10,206 barangays Caraga Davao Region SOCCSKSARGEN Zamboanga Peninsula Northern Mda

5. Source: National Statistical Coordination Board website as of 19 July 2005, 2006 1. High Poverty Incidence Region Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold (in pesos) Poverty Incidence of Families (in %) 2003 2006 2003 2006 Philippines 12,267 15,057 24.7 26.9 Region IX 10,414 13,219 44.1 40.2 Region X 11,609 14,199 37.9 36.1 Region XI 11,276 14,942 28.1 30.6 Region XII 11,303 14,225 32.0 33.8 CARAGA 12,000 15,249 47.3 45.5 ARMM 12,739 15,533 45.7 55.3

7. ESTRADA ARROYO Mda: 22.7% NCR: 20.7% Bal. Luzon: 18.3% Visayas: 15.3% Note: Don’t Know and Refused responses are not shown. Q: Nitong nakaraang 3 buwan, nangyari po ba kahit minsan na ang inyong pamilya ay nakaranas ng gutom at wala kayong makain? KUNG OO : Nangyari po ba ‘yan ng MINSAN LAMANG, MGA ILANG BESES, MADALAS, o PALAGI? SWS Surveys on Hunger

8. Mindanao has among the lowest life expectancy in 2006 Life expectancy is an estimate of the average number of additional years a person can expect to live, based on the age-specific death rates for a given year Provinces in Mindanao Years Agusan del Norte 63.6 Lanao del Sur 58.7 Maguindanao 57.6 Sulu 55.5 Tawi-tawi 53.4