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Foundations of
American Government
Ancient Influences
Ancient Greece
• Athens had the first democracy.
• The US has a representative
democracy where we vote for
people to represent us.
• Athens had a direct democracy
where all citizens voted on all
issues.
Ancient Rome
• Rome had the first republic where
citizens elected representatives to
speak and act for them.
• The legislative branch of Rome was
the Senate.
• Americans elect citizens to Congress.
• Roman law established trial by jury.
English Influences on American
Government
• Magna Carta-1215 English nobles forced king to sign the Magna Carta
limiting his power to rule. It established the idea of a limited monarchy.
• Petition of Right-1628-established basic rights and legal ideals such as write
of habeas corpus, which said people had to have a trial before going to jail.
• English Bill of Rights-1689 established representative government and
rule of law that the monarchy could not take away
The Enlightenment
The Enlightenment was a period during the 1600s and 1700s in Europe where
thinkers began to question the ideas and absolute rule of monarchs.
Enlightenment thinkers such as Voltaire, Montesquieu, Locke and Rousseau,
felt that people were born with natural rights or freedoms that governments
could not take away.
The ideas of these thinkers are found all throughout American Government.
Enlightenment Thinkers
John Locke
• Idea of natural rights-life, liberty
and property.
• Social Contract Theory-to protect
these rights, people agree to a
government that will serve and
protect.
Baron de Montesquieu
• Believed that the power of the
government should be separated
over different branches such as-
Executive, Judicial and Legislative
Branches.
• These branches would share power
and check on one another.
Enlightenment Thinkers
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Established the idea of “consent of
the governed.” This was the belief
that governments got their right to
rule from the people and therefore
must protect those people.
Voltaire
Believed in religious freedom and
freedom of speech.

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Foundations of american government

  • 2. Ancient Influences Ancient Greece • Athens had the first democracy. • The US has a representative democracy where we vote for people to represent us. • Athens had a direct democracy where all citizens voted on all issues. Ancient Rome • Rome had the first republic where citizens elected representatives to speak and act for them. • The legislative branch of Rome was the Senate. • Americans elect citizens to Congress. • Roman law established trial by jury.
  • 3. English Influences on American Government • Magna Carta-1215 English nobles forced king to sign the Magna Carta limiting his power to rule. It established the idea of a limited monarchy. • Petition of Right-1628-established basic rights and legal ideals such as write of habeas corpus, which said people had to have a trial before going to jail. • English Bill of Rights-1689 established representative government and rule of law that the monarchy could not take away
  • 4. The Enlightenment The Enlightenment was a period during the 1600s and 1700s in Europe where thinkers began to question the ideas and absolute rule of monarchs. Enlightenment thinkers such as Voltaire, Montesquieu, Locke and Rousseau, felt that people were born with natural rights or freedoms that governments could not take away. The ideas of these thinkers are found all throughout American Government.
  • 5. Enlightenment Thinkers John Locke • Idea of natural rights-life, liberty and property. • Social Contract Theory-to protect these rights, people agree to a government that will serve and protect. Baron de Montesquieu • Believed that the power of the government should be separated over different branches such as- Executive, Judicial and Legislative Branches. • These branches would share power and check on one another.
  • 6. Enlightenment Thinkers Jean-Jacques Rousseau Established the idea of “consent of the governed.” This was the belief that governments got their right to rule from the people and therefore must protect those people. Voltaire Believed in religious freedom and freedom of speech.