This document discusses the formulation and evaluation of hair dye, covering its historical origins, types, and chemical components. It categorizes hair dyes into temporary, semi-permanent, and permanent types, explaining their characteristics and methods of application. Additionally, it details the formulation ingredients and methods for preparing hair dye, along with evaluation tests for colorants to ensure safety and efficacy.

1. Formulation & Evaluation of Hair dye
Prepared & Presented by :- Avinash Borad
(202630290013)
Pinal Detroja (202630290008)
Sem-6 B. Pharm. Student
Guided by: Ms. Kajal Pradhan
Assistant Professor
Smt R. D. Gardi B. Pharmacy College, Rajkot

2. What is hair dye ?
 The dyeing of hair is an ancient art that involves treatment of the hair with various
chemical compounds. In ancient times, the dyes were obtained from plants.
 ancient Egyptians were some of the first known people to use hair dye applying
henna to cover gray hair.
 An ideal hair dye should color the hair without imparing its natural texture and
gloss..
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3. Marketed product of hair dye
One of the oldest known pigments, henna is a red-orange dye
derived from the plant Lawsonia inermis, also known as the
henna tree. The leaves are dried and then crushed to form a
fine, dark-green powder. Usually mixed with varying liquids, the
paste leaves a rich copper color upon application on the hair or
skin
No ammonia hair color like Godrej Expert Rich Crème is
the best hair color in India. In fact, a color enriched with
natural ingredients should always be preferred as it
strengthens the hair. Godrej Expert Rich Crème hair cooler
has goodness of 10x aloe vera which makes the hair soft and
shiny.
This Henna Paste may give nice, rich, dark natural
color to already brown/black hair, but it does nothing
for your greys and if you still want .
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4. Type of hair dye
Hair dye are divided in three type
Hair dye
Temporary
Semi
permanent
Permanent
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5. 1.Temporary hair dye
 This dye are containing of the surface of hair and their removing
using there one or more time wash with using of shampooing.
 There are hair color are high molecular weight .
 The temporary hair dye are acid dye these are low affinity and they
are removing by shampooing
 Avalable form of hair dye in market :- (1)Shampoo
(2)Gel (3) Spray
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6. 2.Semi permanent hair color
 There dye are permanent into the hair shaft but not a deeply as
permeant dye.
 They should be smaller molecular weight then temporary hair dye.
 There are semi permeant dye are do not wash out eassly but they
the washout the hair after about 5 – 10 time shampoo session.
 There color are use in this case are direct dye of low molecular
weight & have a good affinity to hair certain.
 Available form of hair dye in market :- (1)Lotion containing
surfactant
(2)shampoo
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7. 3.PERMENANTHAIRCOLOR
it permanently changes the color of your hair.
 hen mixed with a developer, permanent hair dye opens the cuticles that
comprise the surface of the hair shaft and delivers dye deep inside. The
cuticle then reseals, preventing the color from escaping.
 Permanent hair color will not fade away gradually so you will always see a
difference between the new growth and the colored hair.
 Permanent color is used to lighten or darken hair; change the color of hair
and cover grey.
 Permanent hair color lasts indefinitely because it permanently alters the
color structure of the hair.
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8. Formulations ingredient of hair dye
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(1) Formulation bases
(2) Alkalizing agents.
(3) Dye components:
(4) Oxidizing agents
(5) Antioxidant.
(6) Solvents
(7) Surfactants

9. 2. Alkalizing agents: The alkalizing agents are added.
To increase the pH of the formulation to an optimal level.
Examples of alkalizing agents include ammonia, Monoethanolamide.
4. Oxidizing agents: Oxidants are used to bleach melanin present in the hair. Light color shades
are obtained when the grey and pigmented hair are colored evenly by using semi permanent
colorants
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1. Formulation bases: They are used as vehicles for dyes (amino
dyes) and modifiers. The vehicle is one that uniformly distributes the
colorant mixture on the hair. Example: In amino dyes, a mixture of water
(48-7945%), ethyl alcohol (20-50%) glycerin (0.5 – 2%) is used
because the amino dye has low aqueous solubility.
3.Dye: Dyes are used to imparting the desired colour shade to the hair.

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7. Surfactant: It reduces the surface tension between the different
ingredients, to make a homogeneous preparation.
6. Solvents: The constituents of the colorants which are not soluble in water, are
dissolved by using solvents so that a homogenous system is obtained.
5. Antioxidant: During the manufacturing of dyes, especially amino dyes, an atmosphere of
nitrogen is maintained to prevent the darkening of the dye. Since dyes (amino dye) are
darkened on exposure to air. Instead of maintaining nitrogen atmosphere, chemical
antioxidant like sodium sulfite is included in the preparation.

11. Methodof Preparation example:
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12. Methodof preparation hair dye.
A mixture of alkanol amide and anionic surfactant is prepared.
The dye is added to the above mixture* and is dissolved.
The acid and quaternary ammonium compounds are dissolved in water.
This aqueous solution is added to the solution of dye with stirring.
This dye is investigated for the effects of quaternary ammonium compound, pH,
aldehydes and alcohols additions.
Now the viscosity of the dye is adjusted by adding hydrophilic colloids like
methylcellulose, natural gum etc.
The viscosity of the colorant is increased by the addition of a non-ionic thickener in
its composition. The addition of amphoteric surfactant in the colorant is
accompanied by basic dyes.
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13. Evaluation of HairColourant
The following tests are carried out to evaluate hair colorants:
1. The Sensitization Test: The test is carried out on animal skin. The
colorants are applied to the skin and are kept under observation for
24 hrs. If no reaction occurs, then the colorant is said to be non-
sensitizing or non-irritant. The histopathological study is carried out as
per requirements.
2. The Toxic Effect Test: Toxic effects are studied in animals to know
about the long term effects of the preparations
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15. reference
Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical
Sciences Vol. I and III, Mack Publishing Company, U.S.A.
Khari R. K., Vyas S.P., Ahmad F., Jain G. K., The Theory and Practice of
Industrial Pharmacy, 4th Edition, CBS Publishers and Distributors.
Shankar, V. Ramesh S., Shanmugam V., A Text book of Novel Drug
Delivery System, Pharma Med Press.
Subramanian C.V.S., Settee T. J., Pharmaceutical Engineering, Vallabh
Prakashan 3r edition
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