This document discusses the phonemic and phonetic features of several consonant sounds in English and Spanish, including /n/, /ɱ/, /ŋ/, /ɲ/, and /l/. It contrasts the production of these sounds between the two languages and identifies their different places and manners of articulation. The document also examines homorganic sounds and the aspiration of voiceless stops like /p/ and /t/ in English. It discusses the importance of contrastive analysis in understanding pronunciation errors that may occur due to the transfer of learners' first language sound systems.

1. FACULTAD DE FILOSOFIA LETRAS Y CIENCIAS DE
LA EDUCACION
CARRERA DE PLURILINGÜE
Amaguaya Irma

2. The /ɱ/, which occurs in both
In both languages, it happens befpre the
languages, is an allophone of /m/ in
voiceles labiodemtal fricatica, the /f/ sound.
English and an allophone on /n/ .
PHONEMIC AND PHONETIC FEATURES
English and Spanish /n/
*sound is voiced *apico-alveolar
*nasal *occlusive
*continuant
Spanish English
[n] voiced ,apico-alveolar, nasal, occlusive, continuant [n] voiced, apico-alveolar, nasal oclcusive
[-n-] voiced, apico-dental, nasal, occlusive continuant continuant
[nj] voiced,fronto-palatal, nasal occlusive ,continuant [-ņ] voiced, apico alveolar, nasal, occlusive
[ŋ] voiced, dorso velar, nasal occlusive,continuant continuant, syllabic and occurs
[-ɱ-] vioced, labiodental, nasal, occlusive, continuant
English nasal consonants may become
syllabic when occur in final-word.

3. Both languges have this
/ŋ/ PHONEMIC AND PHONETIC FEATURES
sound.
It´s voiced, dorso-velar, nasal,
occlusive, continuant.
Spanish.- /ŋ/ is an allophone of /n/
English.- /ŋ/ is an phoneme
English has to possible allophones
[ŋ] voiced, dorso-velar, continuant
[-ŋ-] voiced, dorso-velar, nasal,
occlusive continuant, syllabic
happens hust in contxtual speech
between two any dorso velar sounds.
The Spanish [ŋ] occurs in free
variations in final position.

4. /ɲ/ PHONEMIC AND PHONETIC
FEATURES
The sound belong
particulary to Sapanish
Both the phonemes and
it´s allophones
[ɲ] voiced, dorso-palatal,
nasal, occlusive, continuant.
This sound occurs
in Sapnish, French
and italian

5. Spanish variants:
[l] voiced, apico-alveolar,oral
lateral
CONTRAST OF [Ļ] voiced, apico-dental, oral
ENGLISH AND
SPANISH lateral
LATERALS /l/ PHONEMIC
AND PHONETIC
When an /l/ id FEATURES English allophones
forme, the tongue English and *[l] voiced, apico-añveolar,
tip touches the Spanish sound is oral, lateral
alveolar ridge voiced, apico- *[l] voiceless, apico-alveolar,
alveolar, oral, oral, lateral
lateral
*[-ɫ] voicel, sorso-velar, oral,
dark,lateral.
*[-ɫ,] voiced, dorso-velar,
oral, dark,lateral, syllabic
which occursin final-word

6. PHONEMIC AND PHONETIC
CONSONANT CONTRAST
HOMORGANIC
STOP OR PLOSIVE. SOUNDS
THE ACTIVE ARTICULATOR TOUCHES THE
PASSIVE ARTICULATOR AND COMPLETELY IN PHONETICS, THIS REFERS TO SOUNDS
CUTS OFF THE AIRFLOW THROUGH THE MADE AT THE SAME PLACE OF
MOUTH. ENGLISH AND SPANISH STOPS ARTICULATION. LITERALLY, WITH THE
INCLUDE: /p/, /b, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/. IF /P/, /t/ SAME ORGAN, BUT WITH MOST SOUNDS
OR /k/ ARE PRONUNCED BEGINNING OF THE ORGAN IS THE TONGUE, SO IN
AN ENGLISH WORDS, A STRONG PUFF OF THESE CASES IT REFERS TO WHICH
BREATH WILL BE FELT. IT IS CALLED POINT IN THE ORAL CAVITY THE
ASPIRATION. TONGUE IS TOUCHING, EVENTHOUGH
MEANWHILE, THIS ASPIRATION MAY NOT BE THE LOWER LIP ALSO PRODUCES
FELT IN SPANISH OCCLUSIVE HOMORGANIC SOUNDS. STOP SOUNDS,
SOUNDS..BESIDES, ALL THE PLOSIVE BOTH IN ENGLISH AND SPANISH, MAY BE
EXCEPT /d/ DO NOT OCCUR IN FINAL CONSIDERED AS HOMORGANIC.
POSITION. THEREFORE, A MAJOR
CONCENTRATION ON THEIR PROCUCTION
MUST BE PLACED WHEN UTTERING THE
FINAL PLOSIVE ENGLISH SOUNDS

7. English and Spanish /p/
/b/ use the same organ to Spanish spelling:<p> there are several way to
be uttered. The dimension patron/ pa'tron , capa demonstrate aspiration of
that makes them sound /'kapa/ the voiceless stops/P/ b//
differently is voicing English spelling <p> pick / /t/ in teaching the proper
pick/ happy /hæpIy/ pronunciation.
/p-b/PRODUCTION
PICTURE
As it is perceptible speakers d
there are several way to not aspirate any voiceless stop
demonstrate aspiration of sound in word initial position
the voiceless stops/P/ b// in English furthermore this/p/
/t/ in teaching the proper sound in word- final position
pronunciation. tends to be pronounced like the
voiceless

8. /P/ PHONETIC AND
PHONEMIC DISTRIBUTION
strongly aspirated [-p-]
Spanish and english voiceless,
voiceless, bilabial, oral, stop
bilabial, oral,. Stop, however
unaspirated[-p’], voiceless,
spanihs has just one
bilabial, oral, stop
allophone [p]voiceless,
unreleased, [-p-] voiceless,
bilabial, oral, stop,
bilabial, oral, stop released.

9. CONTRASTIVE
TRANSFER
ANALYSIS
In light of the fact that l2 pronunciation
error are often caused by the transfer of The fact that native of
well established sound systems, it is English can recognize
important to examine some of the foreign accent in ESL/EFL
characteristic phonological different learners speech such as
Spanish accent or any
between Spanish and English
other ones is a clear.
Such observation of L2
pronunciation error Although contrastive analysis
above, in turn naturally has often been criticized for
suggestion the critical its inadequacy to predict the Contrastive transfer assists
need for teachers to transfer error that learners languages learners and teachers
become more aware of the will make in actual learning to identify easily the sound to be
impact that learners contexts learned, improved or
emphasized in their production
in order to have a more affective
level of communication