This document summarizes flood management strategies in India. It discusses various causes of floods and measures to control flooding, including structural approaches like dams and reservoirs, and non-structural approaches like flood plain zoning and flood forecasting. Key points covered include India's flood prone areas, historical flood damage figures, and the roles of organizations like the Central Water Commission in flood management.

1. FLOOD
MANAGEMENT
BY:BY:
HIMADRI SAMALHIMADRI SAMAL
M.Sc Applied GeologyM.Sc Applied Geology
11stst
SEMESTERSEMESTER
Sambalpur UniversitySambalpur University

2. FLOODS
• Floods Are Natural Phenomena
• A Flood Is An Overflow Of Water That Submerges Land
Which Is Usually Dry
• Floods Are Water Related Disaster
• Water Resources Management Includes Management
Of These Disasters

3. CAUSES OF FLOODS
 PRECIPITATION
 INADEQUATE CAPACITY (WITHIN BANKS)
 BANK EROSION AND SILTING
 LAND SLIDES
 TIDAL AND BACK WATER EFFECTS
 POOR DRAINAGE
 SNOW MELT AND GLACIAL OUT BURSTS

4.  INDISCRIMINATE ENCROACHMENT
 INCREASING ECONOMIC AND DEVELOPMENTAL
ACTIVITIES IN FLOOD PLAINS
 LACK OF REGULATIONS
 INADEQUATE DRAINAGE SYSTEM
 INADEQUATE MAINTENANCE
 LACK OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
INCREASED VULNERABILITY
CAUSES

5. FLOODS CAN NOT BE ABSOLUTELY
CONTROLLED
FLOODS CAN ONLY BE MANAGED TO
REDUCE FLOOD LOSSES
FLOOD MANAGEMENT
APPROACHAPPROACH

6. FLOOD MANAGEMENT
GEOGRAPHICAL 328
FLOOD PRONE 40 12%
PROTECTABLE 32 80%
PROTECTED 16.4 45%
FLOOD AFFECTED
 AVERAGE 7.7
 MAXIMUM 17.5 (1978)
 MINIMUM 1.5 (1965)
INDIA
AREA (M. Ha)

7. FLOOD MANAGEMENT
INDIA
FLOOD PRONE AREA - 40 M.Ha.
OTHER
STATES
43.9%
UTTAR PRADESH
21.90%
BIHAR
12.71%
ASSAM
9.40%
WEST BENGAL
7.91%
ORISSA
4.18%

8. FLOOD MANAGEMENT
INDIA
AREA AFFECTED BY FLOODS - 1953-992.29
7.49
9.44
9.24
4.86
6.26
5.77
7.53
6.56
6.12
3.49
4.9
1.46
4.74
7.12
7.15
6.2
6.46
13.25
4.1
11.79
6.7
6.17
11.91
11.46
17.5
3.99
11.46
6.12
8.87
9.02
10.71
8.38
8.81
8.89
16.29
4.63
9.3
6.17
2.09
4.63
2.75
6.11
7.4
3.85
7.18
2.55
1953
1956
1959
1962
1965
1968
1971
1974
1977
1980
1983
1986
1989
1992
1995
1998
YEAR
AREAINM.Ha.
1999

9. FLOOD DAMAGE IN INDIA DURING 1953-200052.4
57.23
102.73
53.63
23.37
43.97
86.2
63.17
31.37
94.89
36.61
66.61
7.14
88.43
155.43
211.1
404.43
287.83
632.48
158.19
569
569.02
471.64
888.69
1201.85
1454.76
614.2
840.5
1196.5
1644.88
2491.61
1905.56
4059.27
3748.53
2569.72
4630.32405.33
1708.92
1488.33
3344.53
2536.79
1794.59
3702.31
2952.78
2831.18
5845.982107.86
1415.88
1953
1955
1957
1959
1961
1963
1965
1967
1969
1971
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
RUPEESINCRORE
YEAR

10. FLOOD MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES
Pre flood
During flood
Post flood

11.  MODIFY THE FLOODS
 MODIFY THE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO FLOOD
DAMAGE
 MODIFY THE LOSS BURDEN
 BEAR THE LOSS
FLOOD MANAGEMENT
STRATEGIES

12.  STRUCTURAL : PHYSICAL WORKS FOR
MEASURES MODIFYING FLOOD MAGNITUDE
( TO KEEP FLOODS AWAY FROM
PEOPLE )
 NON-STRUCTURAL : PLANNED ACTIVITY TO MODIFY
MEASURES SUSCEPTIBILITY TO FLOOD DAMAGE
( TO KEEP PEOPLE AWAY FROM
FLOODS )
FLOOD MANAGEMENTMEASURES

13.  DAMS & RESERVOIRS
 EMBANKMENT
 CHANNEL IMPROVEMENT
 RIVER DIVERSION
 INTER BASIN TRANSFER
 ANTI EROSION WORKS
FLOOD MANAGEMENT
STRUCTURAL MEASURESSTRUCTURAL MEASURES

14.  FLOOD FORECASTING & WARNING
 FLOOD PLAIN ZONING
 FLOOD FIGHTING
 FLOOD PROOFING
 FLOOD INSURANCE
 RELIEF & REHABILITATION
FLOOD MANAGEMENT
NON STRUCTURAL MEASURESNON STRUCTURAL MEASURES

15. FLOOD PLAIN ZONING
 AN IMPORTANT NON-STRUCTURAL MEASURE.
 REGULATES LAND USE IN FLOOD PLAINS TO
RESTRICT DAMAGE BY FLOODS.
 INVOLVES DEMARCATION OF ZONES IN FLOOD
PLAINS COMPATIBLE WITH FLOOD RISKS
INVOLVED.
CONCEPT

16. PRIORITY - I
ACTIVITY LIMITED TO WATER LEVELS CORRESPONDING TO 100
YEARS FLOOD FREQUENCY AND DRAINAGE CONGESTION FOR 50
YEARS RAINFALL.
PRIORITY - II
ACTIVITY LIMITED TO LEVELS CORRESPONDING TO
25 YEARS FLOOD FREQUENCY AND DRAINAGE CONGESTION FOR
10 YEARS RAINFALL FREQUENCY.
PRIORITY - III
LESS ECONOMIC AND COMMUNITY ACTIVITY IN AREAS
VULNERABLE TO FREQUENT FLOODS.
ZONE REGULATION

17. FLOOD PLAIN ZONING
WATER SUPPLY
FACTORY
POWER HOUSE
UNIVERSITYRESIDENTIAL AREA
GOVT. OFFICE
HOSPITAL
NORMAL CHANNEL
PARK
FREQUENT FLOOD
FLOOD ONCE IN 25 YEARS
FLOOD ONCE IN 100 YEARS
III IIII III I
I

18. FLOOD PLAIN ZONING
PROHIBITIVERESTRICTIVEWARNING WARNINGRESTRICTIVE
I II III II I
RIVER CHANNEL

19. FLOOD FORECASTING
BEGINNING
STARTED BY CENTRAL WATER COMMISSION
YEAR 1958
RIVER YAMUNA
FORECASTING STATION DELHI RAILWAY BRIDGE
INDIA

20. FLOOD FORECASTING AND WARNING
 DATA COLLECTION
 DATA TRANSMISSION
 DATA ANALYSIS & FORECAST FORMULATION
 DISSEMINATION OF FORECAST
STEPS

21. FLOOD FORECASTING
HYDROLOGICAL
RIVER WATER LEVEL
RIVER DISCHARGE
HYDROMETEOROLGICAL
RAINFALL
OTHER RECIPITATION
eg. SNOW, HAIL ETC.
DATA COLLECTION

22. FLOOD FORECASTING
 WIRELESS
 TELEPHONE
 FAX
DATA TRANSMISSION
 SATELLITE
 TELEGRAPH
 TELEX

23. FLOOD FORECASTING
 CORRELATION
 MATHEMATICAL MODELS
DATA ANALYSIS & FORECAST FORMULATION

24. FLOOD FORECASTING
DISSEMINATION
FORECAST
CIVIL AUTHORITY
OTHER AGENCIES
PRESS, A I R
DOORDARSHAN
OTHER USERS
LOCAL REPRESENTATIVES

25. FLOOD FORECASTING AND WARNING
PRESENT SYSTEM - SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
WEATHER FORECASTSWEATHER FORECASTS
RIVER STAGE &
DISCHARGE AT
BASE STATION
RIVER STAGE &
DISCHARGE AT
BASE STATION
RIVER STAGE &
DISCHARGE AT
FORECASTING STATIONS
RIVER STAGE &
DISCHARGE AT
FORECASTING STATIONS RAINFALLRAINFALL
F.M. O. OF I.M.DF.M. O. OF I.M.D
FLOOD FORECASTING
CENTRES & CONTROL ROOMS
FLOOD FORECASTING
CENTRES & CONTROL ROOMS
FORMULATION OF
FORECAST
FORMULATION OF
FORECASTC.E., S.E.C.E., S.E.
STATE GOVT.
CONTROL ROOM
STATE GOVT.
CONTROL ROOM
PRESSPRESS RADIORADIO
P & TP & T
POLICEPOLICE FLOOD COMMITTEEFLOOD COMMITTEE
CIVIL AUTHORITIESCIVIL AUTHORITIES
ENGG. AUTHORITIESENGG. AUTHORITIES
DEFENCEDEFENCE
RAILWAYSRAILWAYS
INDUSTRIESINDUSTRIES
F.M.O OF I.M.DF.M.O OF I.M.D
REGIONAL OFFICES
OF I.M.D.
REGIONAL OFFICES
OF I.M.D.
REGIONAL OFFICES
OF I.M.D.
REGIONAL OFFICES
OF I.M.D.
DOORDARSHANDOORDARSHAN
CWC HQCWC HQ MINISTRY OF WRMINISTRY OF WR

26. FLOOD FORECASTING NETWORK
COVERS MAJOR AND INTER STATE RIVER
BASINS.
166 STATIONS :- INFLOW 27 & STAGE 139
INDIA

27. FLOOD FORECASTING STATIONS
INDIA
GANGA B’PUTRA WEST
FLOWING
GODAVARI EASTERN
RIVERS
KRISHNA MAHANADI BARAK
85
27
17 15
9 8
3 2

28. FLOOD FORECASTING STATIONS
INDIA
BIHAR
UP
ASSAM
W
. B.
AP
O
RISSA
GUJARAT
M
’R
ASH
TR
A
KARNA
TAKA
MP
D
&
NH
HARYANA
35
32
23
1415
11 11
6
4 3 2 12
NCTDELHI
4
2
UTTAR
ANCHAL
JH
ARKHAND

30. FLOOD MANAGEMENT
scope
 Use of Remote Sensing and GIS
 Research and Development
 Weather / Rainfall Forecasting
 Capacity Building
 International Cooperation

31. FLOOD MANAGEMENT
FUTURE STRATEGIES
 Focused Approach
 Basin Wise Action Plan
 Flood Plain Zoning
 Role of Central Government
 Funding of Planned Flood Management Works
 Adequacy of Flood Cushion in Reservoirs

32. FLOOD MANAGEMENT
ORGANISATIONS
 STATE FLOOD CONTROL DEPARTMENTS
 CENTRAL WATER COMMISSION
 GANGA FLOOD CONTROL COMMISSION
 BRAHMAPUTRA BOARD
 MHA - NDM DIVISION

33. SOURCES:
WIKIPEDIA
INTERNET
IMD,INDIAN GOVT,
TIMES OF INDIA

34. THANKING YOU