Flanged Joint Alignment
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This document describes different types of flange alignment: centerline high/low, which measures tolerance along the outside diameter of flanges; parallelism, which ensures equal distance between flange faces; rotational-two hole, which aligns bolt holes perpendicular to flanges; and excessive spacing or gap, which is a gap greater than twice the gasket thickness between flanges. Tolerances are provided for centerline high/low (1.5mm), parallelism (0.8mm difference at sealing surface), and rotational-two hole (bolt holes within 3mm of alignment).
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The document discusses the concept of height of contour and how it relates to areas available for retention versus support on teeth. It then discusses survey lines and classifications proposed by Kennedy, Cummer, DeVan, Blatterfein and Ney for determining ideal clasp design based on the survey line. The document outlines the basic parts of a clasp assembly and factors that determine the amount of retention such as undercut size and depth, flexibility of the clasp arm based on its length, diameter, cross-sectional form and material. Ideal clasp design and flexibility varies depending on these factors and the classification of survey line.
Kom gear terminology1
This document defines various terms used in gears. It describes key geometric features of gears such as the pitch circle, pitch diameter, pitch point, pressure angle, addendum, dedendum, circular pitch, module, clearance, total depth, face and flank of a tooth, top land, face width, profile, and fillet radius. It also discusses the pitch surface and path of contact between meshing gear teeth. The document is intended to explain gear terminology for students of kinematics of machines.
Gear tooth terminology
This document defines various terms used in gear terminology. It describes key geometric elements of gears like the pitch circle, which defines the size of a gear, pitch point and surface. It also defines angles like the pressure or angle of obliquity. Dimensions from the pitch circle are described, including addendum, dedendum, circles and total depth. Other terms covered include circular pitch, module, clearance, face and flank of a tooth, profile and fillet radius. The document was prepared to define standard gear terminology.
Measurement of gears
Gears are important machine elements used for power transmission between rotating shafts. There are several types of gears including spur gears, helical gears, bevel gears, and worm gears. Gears are precisely measured and inspected to evaluate factors such as pitch errors, runout, profile accuracy, and tooth thickness. Common inspection methods include using vernier calipers, comparators, and optical projection to analyze gear geometry and performance. Proper inspection is important for ensuring gears effectively transmit torque between components.
Gear
This document discusses different types of gears and their components. It begins by defining gears and their purpose in power transmission systems. There are three main types of gears defined by their shaft positions: parallel, intersecting, and non-parallel/non-intersecting. Spur gears have parallel shafts while bevel gears have intersecting shafts. Worm gears are non-parallel and non-intersecting. The document then discusses specific gears like spur gears, helical gears, rack and pinion gears, and bevel gears. It also covers gear tooth profiles, terminology, interference issues, and measurement techniques.
2-0bracketplacementguideforspeed2ndedition-110403201913-phpapp01.pdf
This document provides guidelines for proper placement of SPEED brackets. Key points include:
- The rounded portion of the spring clip should face occlusally in both arches.
- Bracket placement should have the mesial and distal edges parallel to the long axis of each tooth.
- Proper vertical positioning of brackets is important to avoid occlusal interference.
- Common errors in placement like excessive adhesive or incorrect angulation should be avoided or corrected.
Assignment on mech properties in torsion1
The torsion test involves twisting a cylindrical specimen and measuring the resulting torque and angular deformation. This allows determining key mechanical properties like:
1. Shear modulus - a measure of material stiffness in shear
2. Torsional yield strength - the stress at which yielding begins
3. Modulus of rupture - the stress at which failure occurs
Thin-walled tubular specimens are often used to achieve uniform shear stress and better measure yield strength compared to solid bars. Test parameters like specimen dimensions and geometry must be carefully chosen to obtain accurate property values.
removable partial denture survey lines, path of insertion, guide planes
1) Surveying involves marking the height of contour and infrabulge on teeth to determine the path of insertion and areas for retention. Guide planes are then prepared parallel to this path to restrict movement.
2) Analysis determines if the initial survey line provides sufficient retention and whether tilting the cast is needed.
3) The final survey line is marked, selecting retentive undercuts opposing the path of displacement. Guide planes are prepared to further limit movement to a single path.
Limits, fits and tolerances
This document provides an overview of limits, fits, and tolerances in manufacturing. It defines key terms like basic size, tolerance, allowance, and describes different types of fits (clearance, interference, transition) and how they are specified using hole basis and shaft basis systems. It also discusses interchangeability and selective assembly, explaining how classifying components by size within their tolerance ranges enables proper assembly of mating parts from different sources.
SMAW welding techniques
This document provides information on shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) techniques. It discusses various types of weld beads and passes used in SMAW. Key techniques covered include stringer, weave, and whip techniques and their characteristics. Proper travel angles, speeds, and electrode placement are described. Joint preparation details are provided for different joint types, positions, and whether backing is used. The document also discusses restart and crater techniques as well as machine setup parameters.
Gaskets, types, construction, and application usage
The document provides guidelines for assembling flanged connections according to ASME PCC-1 standards. It discusses cleaning and inspecting flange sealing surfaces, allowable defect sizes, flatness requirements, inspecting and assembling fasteners, aligning flanges, installing gaskets, torqueing bolts in a crisscross pattern, and performing start-up retorquing on high temperature services. The document is intended to help achieve a leak-tight integrity for properly designed bolted flange joint assemblies.
Introduction to gears
Introduction to Gears, Application, Classification and Profile nomenclature of spur gear teeths.
Animations added
10. Screw Threads - PPT.pdf .
This document discusses the terminology and measurement of screw threads. It defines various elements of screw threads including the crest, root, flanks, pitch, and angle of the thread. It describes different types of errors that can occur in screw threads such as progressive, periodic, and drunken pitch errors. It also explains how to measure the major diameter using a bench micrometer or hand microscope by taking readings on a calibrated cylinder for accuracy. The minor diameter is measured using V-pieces that contact the root of the thread.
Gear design
1. The document provides an introduction to different types of gears including spur gears, helical gears, and bevel gears. It discusses key terms used in gears such as pitch circle, pressure angle, addendum, and defines formulas for calculating values like circular pitch and diametral pitch.
2. Design considerations for gear drives are outlined, including power transmitted, speeds, velocity ratio and center distance. Strength calculations using the Lewis equation and factors for dynamic loading and wear are also covered.
3. The summary provides an overview of the main topics and concepts discussed in the gear document.
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TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration of time. These time slots are then allocated to different data streams, allowing multiple signals to share the same transmission medium efficiently. TDM is widely used in telecommunications and data communication systems.
### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
2. **Synchronization**: Synchronization is crucial in TDM systems to ensure that the signals are correctly aligned with their respective time slots. Both the transmitter and receiver must be synchronized to avoid any overlap or loss of data. This synchronization is typically maintained by a clock signal that ensures time slots are accurately aligned.
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4. **Multiplexer and Demultiplexer**: At the transmitting end, a multiplexer combines multiple input signals into a single composite signal by assigning each signal to a specific time slot. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer separates the composite signal back into individual signals based on their respective time slots.
### Types of TDM
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- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
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The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
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1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
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Flanged Joint Alignment
- 2. Centerline High/Low • The alignment of piping or vessel flanges so that the seating surfaces, the inside diameter of the bore, or the outside diameter of the flanges match or meet with the greatest amount of contact surface.
- 3. • Tolerance is usually measured by placing a straight edge on the outside diameter of one flange and extending it to or over the mating flange. This is done at four points around the flange, approximately 90 deg from each other. • The tolerance is 1.5 mm at any point Centerline High/Low
- 4. Parallelism • The alignment of piping or vessel flanges so that there are equal distances between the flange faces at all points around the circumference of the joint, therefore making the flange faces parallel to each other.
- 5. • The tolerance is usually determined by measuring the closest and farthest distance between the flanges and comparing. • An acceptable practice is a difference no greater than 0.8 mm at the O.D. of the sealing surface, achieved using a force of no greater than 10% of the maximum torque or bolt load for any bolt Parallelism
- 6. Rotational-Two Hole • The alignment of piping or vessel flanges so that the bolt holes align with each other, allowing the fasteners to pass through perpendicular to the flanges.
- 7. • The tolerance is measured by observing a 90 deg angle where the fastener passes through the flanges or the holes are within 3 mm of perfect alignment Rotational-Two Hole
- 8. Excessive Spacing or Gap
- 9. • A condition where two flanges are separated by a distance greater than twice the thickness of the gasket when the flanges are at rest and the flanges will not come together using reasonable force Excessive Spacing or Gap