suzuki coupling and its kinetics
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The document discusses the use of a Herrmann palladacycle catalyst for Suzuki coupling reactions to synthesize biaryls. It examines the effects of various reaction parameters on the coupling. The catalyst is thermally stable, easily synthesized, and provides high catalytic activity and selectivity for biaryl formation. Applications of biaryls include use in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, polymers, and liquid crystals.
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![ANALYTICAL METHODS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Effect of Iodobenzene Concentration EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS Effect of Phenylboronic acid Effect of base Concentration Catalyst Concentration Effect KINETICS OF SUZUKI COUPLING REACTION USING HERRMANN PALLADACYCLE CATALYST U.R.Nitone K.B.Rajurkar, M.R.Didgikar, S.P.Meshram and G.D.Sarap Homogenous Catalysis Division National Chemical Laboratory Pune , India Structure of Hermann Palladacycle catalyst Mechanism of Suzuki Coupling Reaction CONCLUSIONS ACKNOWLEDGMENT – KBR &MRD would like to thank CSIR, India for granting SRF APPLICATIONS OF BIARYLS SYNTHESIS OF BIARYLS Commercial Procedure: Synthesis of biaryl by using prior organometalic reagents in which Cu,Ni,Pd. Metals are used. Classical Methods Ullmann Gomberg-Bachmann-Hey reaction,Pschorr cyclization,Gatterrman synthesis Cross Coupling reaction By aryl metallic reagents with aryl halide & aryl sulfonates. E.g. Still,Negishi,arylsilanes,aryl Cu ,Mn, Ti , In & Ge reagents. Synthesis of Biaryls via Catalytic Decarboxylative Coupling OBJECTIVES Scheme of Suzuki Coupling Reaction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Base Screening Synthesis of Herrmann Palladacycle Catalyst Drawbacks of Suzuki Coupling reaction : Stoichiometric amount of an expensive organometalic compounds Elemental Analysis Molecular formula C 46 H 48 O 4 P 2 Pd 2 Molecular Wt. 939.66 Percentage of Elements P d ( O A c ) 2 P 3 1 ) T o l u e n e , 5 0 o C f o r 3 m i n . 2 ) n - H e x a n e H e r r m a n n p a l l a d a c y c l e c a t a l y s t Ligands Natural Products Herbicide Human medicine Anti bacterial activity Pharmaceutical Precursors Polymers Pharmaceutical Cosmetic compositions Liquid crystals Veterinary medicine BIARYL Intermediates in organic synthesis Insecticides Pesticides Fungicide Boscalid LCD Screen Biopolymer Agrochemicals Conducting polymer Subustrate Product % Con % sel.Biaryl TON 100 99 1445 99 99 1445 89 99.8 1444 83 99.1 1200 97 99 1401 Elements Percentage Calculated Observation Carbon 58.40 58.80 Hydrogen 5.03 5.15 Oxygen 6.70 6.81 Phosphorus 6.35 6.59 Palladium 22.50 22.65](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/finapostersuzuki1-110802104625-phpapp02/85/suzuki-coupling-and-its-kinetics-1-320.jpg)
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This document describes the synthesis and characterization of cyanopyridine derivatives and their evaluation for antitubercular and anthelmintic activity. Chalcones were first synthesized through Claisen-Schmidt condensation and then reacted with malononitrile to obtain cyanopyridines. The structures of the compounds were characterized using techniques such as IR, NMR and mass spectrometry. The cyanopyridines were then evaluated for antitubercular activity against M. tuberculosis using the microplate Alamar Blue assay and for anthelmintic activity against earthworms. Some of the compounds showed promising activity in both assays.
Andrew_Ross_Sheffield
The document describes research into improving catalytic systems for synthesizing phenylalanine derivatives. It summarizes previous work developing cross-coupling reactions using biarylphosphine ligands like SPhos, finding optimal palladium to phosphine ratios of 1:1 yield high product yields with low palladium loadings. New results show the method achieves good yields with para, meta, and ortho-substituted aromatic iodides as well as para- and ortho-substituted aromatic bromides. In conclusions, biarylphosphine ligands are effective for synthesizing phenylalanine derivatives with low catalyst amounts.
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The document discusses retrosynthetic analysis, which is a problem-solving technique used in organic synthesis. It involves working backwards from the target molecule and breaking it down into simpler structures through the reverse of known reactions. This allows chemists to plan a synthesis by tracing the target back to commercially available starting materials. The document outlines common disconnections, reactions, and strategies used in retrosynthetic analysis and organic synthesis planning.
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The document discusses the synthesis of heterobimetallic NHC ligand based complexes and their catalytic applications. It describes various methods for synthesizing these complexes using triazolylidene and imidazolylidene ligands to link two metal centers. Testing of the complexes showed that combining two metals into a single ligand framework often provides better catalytic performance than using a mixture of homometallic complexes. The binding site of the metals, whether as N^N chelate or NHC, was also found to influence catalytic activity.
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The document discusses selective liquid-phase catalytic hydrogenation as an environmentally friendly technology. It describes types of selectivity that can be improved, such as chemoselectivity and stereoselectivity. Methods for influencing selectivity are presented, including modifying the catalyst, adjusting pH, and using chiral auxiliaries. Examples from the author's laboratory achieving good enantioselectivity in various hydrogenation reactions are highlighted.
Research Poster
The document summarizes a study that used a palladium catalyst to synthesize benzofuran through a Sonogashira coupling reaction between 5-iodovanillin and 3-methyl-3-butyne-2-ol. The reaction was carried out using various amounts of palladium acetate, triphenylphosphine, and solvent. NMR spectroscopy showed the product formed, though it was impure likely due to side reactions promoted by the copper co-catalyst. While the reaction showed good atom economy, the yields were relatively low at 7.45% maximum. Further optimization is needed to improve purity and yields.
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This document discusses how biomimetic HPLC methods can be used to predict in vivo drug distribution and improve drug candidate quality. It provides three key points:
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3) HPLC methods allow rapid measurement of various physicochemical properties like lipophilicity, permeability, and solubility which influence drug absorption and efficacy.
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Cristallo, Tara Murdock Conference Poster
This study investigates how purine nucleotides affect the structure and function of Burkholderia cenocepacia HMG-CoA reductase (BcHMGR), a key enzyme in the mevalonate pathway. Previous research found that purine nucleotides, especially GTP, can cause BcHMGR enzymatic activity without its necessary substrate, CoA. This study uses fluorescence spectroscopy and 13C NMR spectroscopy to explore potential structural changes in BcHMGR induced by purine nucleotides and to identify possible reaction products. Preliminary fluorescence data suggests GTP induces a unique structural change in BcHMGR compared to other substrates. 13C NMR studies did not detect the expected product, HMG-CoA, indicating further
Hydrodeoxygenation-supported metal catalyst-lignin-aromatic monomers- A.K.Dee...
Pd, Pt, and Ru catalysts supported on various supports were evaluated for hydrodeoxygenation of lignin-derived phenolic compounds. Pd/SiO2-Al2O3 showed the highest activity for guaiacol HDO, achieving 99% conversion to cyclohexane within 6 hours. Pt and Ru catalysts gave similar results. The acidic SiO2-Al2O3 support promoted cleavage of the C-O bond, while neutral carbon and basic hydrotalcite supports favored ring hydrogenation over full deoxygenation. Combining metals with strongly acidic supports maximized HDO. The catalysts could be recycled with no loss of activity. HDO of phenolic mixtures mimicking lignin
Reduction of Azomethine Bond of Organic Compound: Part-2. Formation of Aldimi...
Reduction of Azomethine Bond of Organic Compound: Part-2. Formation of Aldimi...BRNSS Publication Hub
Azomethine compounds were prepared from Benzaldehyde and o-hydroxy-acetophenone with aniline and o-Nitroaniline. The azomethine bond in the compound is reduced using NaBH4 in 0.1 N sodium hydroxide solution. The reaction is monitored by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and ultraviolet–visible (UV-Vis) spectral method. Etheral layer is concentrated to get the reduction product. The final products were analyzed by a physical constant, TLC, and spectral techniques such as UV-Vis and Fourier-transform infrared.12_IJPBA_1728_18_RA.pdf
This document summarizes the formation and catalytic hydrogenation of aldimines and ketimines. Specifically, it describes:
1) The synthesis of azomethine compounds by condensing benzaldehyde and o-hydroxyacetophenone with aniline and o-nitroaniline.
2) The monitoring of the reduction of the azomethine bond in these compounds using sodium borohydride and thin-layer chromatography and UV-Vis spectroscopy.
3) The isolation and analysis of the reduction products using physical properties, TLC, UV-Vis, and FTIR spectroscopy to confirm reduction of the azomethine bond.
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This document describes the biosynthesis of deuterium-labeled bacteriorhodopsin (BR) using the halobacterium Halobacterium halobium. BR was synthesized with specific amino acids labeled with deuterium - [2,3,4,5,6-2H5]phenylalanine, [3,5-2H2]tyrosine, and [2,4,5,6,7-2H5]tryptophan. The labeled BR was produced through growth of the bacteria in a synthetic medium containing the deuterated amino acids. The labeled BR was then isolated from purple membranes and analyzed using techniques like electrophoresis, gel filtration chromatography, and mass spectrometry to confirm the
Biosynthesis of deuterium labeled transmembrane protein
This document summarizes the biosynthesis of deuterium-labeled transmembrane protein bacteriorhodopsin using the halobacterium Halobacterium halobium. Specifically, it describes the semi-preparative biosynthesis of bacteriorhodopsin labeled with deuterium on functionally important amino acid residues - [2,3,4,5,6-2H5]phenylalanine, [3,5-2H2]tyrosine, and [2,4,5,6,7-2H5]tryptophan. The labeled protein was isolated from purple membranes and purified using methods such as autolysis, ultrasound processing, alcohol extraction, and SDS solubilization. Mass spectrometry was
vardinafil methods of analysis
Vardenafil is a PDE5 inhibitor used to treat erectile dysfunction. This document discusses several studies that developed and validated analytical methods for quantifying vardenafil concentration. One study used thin layer chromatography with densitometric detection to simultaneously estimate vardenafil and dapoxetine in pharmaceutical formulations. Another used HPLC with amperometric detection employing a boron-doped diamond electrode to determine vardenafil and related metabolites in plasma. A third developed a HPLC-chemiluminescence method to quantify trace levels of vardenafil in dietary supplements.
Presentation for viva
The document summarizes the synthesis and biological evaluation of various heterocyclic compounds. Specifically, it describes the synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives (IIIa-h) and their antimicrobial evaluation. It then discusses the synthesis of 2-(5-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-2-ylthio)-N-arylacetamide derivatives (III1-14) following a similar procedure and evaluation of their antimicrobial activities. For both sets of compounds, the reaction schemes, characterization using spectroscopy, and results of structure-activity relationship studies based on minimum inhibitory concentration values are presented.
Simultaneous estimation of meclizine and nicotinic acid by using RP-HPLC
This document describes the development and validation of a reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the simultaneous estimation of Meclizine and Nicotinic acid. The method utilizes a mobile phase of acetonitrile and potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The retention times were 3.01 minutes for Meclizine and 6.07 minutes for Nicotinic acid. The method was validated and found to be accurate, precise, specific, linear, robust, sensitive and able to quantify the drugs in tablet dosage forms without interference from other components.
2018 sensors and actuators
This document describes the development of a fluorescent probe for sensing thiamine (vitamin B1) based on arginine-functionalized graphene quantum dots (Arg-GQDs). Arg-GQDs were synthesized through a one-pot hydrothermal method using citric acid and arginine as carbon and nitrogen precursors. The Arg-GQDs exhibited strong blue fluorescence with a quantum yield of 28.3%. The fluorescence of the Arg-GQDs was selectively quenched by Ag+ ions and recovered upon addition of thiamine, providing the basis for a fluorescence "off-on" probe for thiamine. Central composite design and response surface methodology were used to optimize the detection conditions, including pH, time
FFW 2016 Poster_Cristallo
This document summarizes research exploring the structure and function of HMG-CoA reductase (HMGR) in Burkholderia cenocepacia. Key findings include:
1) B. cenocepacia HMGR (BcHMGR) exhibits properties of a morpheein, meaning it can exist in multiple quaternary structure states that influence enzymatic activity.
2) The equilibrium between BcHMGR structure states is affected by factors like ligand concentration, enzyme concentration, and pH.
3) BcHMGR preferentially catalyzes the oxidation of mevalonate to HMG-CoA, unlike most HMGRs which catalyze the reverse reaction.
LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of carbinoxamine in human plasma
A simple, reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatographic method with mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-MS/MS) was developed for determination of carbinoxamine in human plasma using pargeverine HCl as an internal standard. The procedure involves a simple protein precipitation technique using BDS HYPERSIL C8 (100 x 4.6mm) column. The mobile phase used was acetonitrile: buffer (25mm ammonium formate solution) (80:20). Precipitation was done using acetonitrile and detection was done in MRM mode, using an Electro Spray positive ionization. The ion transition monitored was (m/z) carbinoxamine (Q1 Mass: 291.2; Q3 Mass: 167.1), Internal standard (Q1 Mass: 338.1; Q3 Mass; 167.0). The retention time of carbinoxamine and internal Standard were 1.61 and 1.75 respectively. Method was evaluated in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision, recovery, sensitivity. The simple extraction procedure and short chromatographic runtime make the method suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring studies.
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Biomimetic hplc methods to predict in vivo drug distribution
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